
Traitement hormonal deîlaîmĂ©nopause : oĂčîenîest-on enî2013 ?
MISE AU POINT
24 | La Lettre du Rhumatologue âą No 391 - avril 2013
Conclusion
Le THM est le traitement le plus efïŹ cace pour amĂ©-
liorer la qualité de vie des patientes ménopausées
souffrant de symptÎmes climatériques. De plus, ce
traitement est le plus adapté à la perte osseuse en
début de ménopause. Sa prescription repose sur
lâinformation des patientes, lâĂ©valuation initiale puis
annuelle du rapport bĂ©nĂ©ïŹ ces/risques et le respect
des contre-indications. Les études actuelles, utili-
sant le THM tel quâil est prescrit en France, avec des
estrogÚnes par voie transdermique associés à de la
progestérone naturelle ou à son dérivé, sont plutÎt
rassurantes quant au risque vasculaire sâil est prescrit
aprÚs le début de la ménopause et pour des durées
courtes. â
1. Rossouw JE, Anderson GL, Prentice RL et al. Risks and bene-
ïŹ ts of estrogen plus progestin in healthy postmenopausal
women: principal results from the Womenâs Health Initiative
randomized controlled trial. JAMA 2002;288(3):321-33.
2. Bath PM, Gray LJ. Association between hormone repla-
cement therapy and subsequent stroke: a meta-analysis.
BMJ 2005;330(7487):342.
3. Renoux C, Dellâaniello S, Garbe E, Suissa S. Transdermal
and oral hormone replacement therapy and the risk of stroke:
a nested case-control study. BMJ 2010;340:c2519.
4. Rossouw JE, Prentice RL, Manson JE et al. Postmenopausal
hormone therapy and risk of cardiovascular disease by age
and years since menopause. JAMA 2007;297(13):1465-77.
5. Hulley S, Grady D, Bush T et al. Randomized trial of
estrogen plus progestin for secondary prevention of coro-
nary heart disease in postmenopausal women. Heart and
Estrogen/progestin Replacement Study (HERS) Research
Group. JAMA 1998;280(7):605-13.
6. LĂžkkegaard E, Andreasen AH, Jacobsen RK, Nielsen LH,
Agger C, Lidegaard Ă. Hormone therapy and risk of
myocardial infarction: a national register study. Eur Heart J
2008;29(21):2660-8.
7. Schierbeck LL, Rejnmark L, Tofteng CL et al. Effect of
hormone replacement therapy on cardiovascular events
in recently postmenopausal women: randomised trial. BMJ
2012;345:e6409.
8. Lewandowski KC, Komorowski J, Mikhalidis DP et al.
Effects of hormone replacement therapy type and route
of administration on plasma matrix metalloproteinases
and their tissue inhibitors in postmenopausal women. J Clin
Endocrinol Metab 2006;91(8):3123-30.
9. Le Gal G, Gourlet V, Hogrel P, Plu-Bureau G, Touboul PJ,
Scarabin PY. Hormone replacement therapy use is associated
with a lower occurrence of carotid atherosclerotic plaques
but not with intima-media thickness progression among
postmenopausal women. The vascular aging (EVA) study.
Atherosclerosis 2003;166(1):163-170.
10. Canonico M, Oger E, Plu-Bureau G et al. Hormone
therapy and venous thromboembolism among postmeno-
pausal women: impact of the route of estrogen adminis-
tration and progestogens: the ESTHER study. Circulation
2007;115(7):840-5.
11. Scarabin PY, Oger E, Plu-Bureau G. Differential asso-
ciation of oral and transdermal oestrogen-replacement
therapy with venous thromboembolism risk. Lancet
2003;362(9382):428-32.
12. Olié V, Plu-Bureau G, Conard J, Horellou MH, Cano-
nico M, Scarabin PY. Hormone therapy and recurrence of
venous thromboembolism among postmenopausal women.
Menopause 2011;18(5):488-93.
13. Gray S. Breast cancer and hormone-replacement
therapy: the Million Women Study. Lancet 2003;362(9392):
1332; author reply 1332.
14. Fournier A, Berrino F, Clavel-Chapelon F. Unequal risks
for breast cancer associated with different hormone repla-
cement therapies: results from the E3N cohort study. Breast
Cancer Res Treat 2008;107(1):103-11.
15. Chlebowski RT, Kuller LH, Prentice RL et al. Breast cancer
after use of estrogen plus progestin in postmenopausal
women. N Engl J Med 2009;360(6):573-87.
16. Lyytinen H, Pukkala E, Ylikorkala O. Breast cancer risk
in postmenopausal women using estradiol-progestogen
therapy. Obstet Gynecol 2009;113(1):65-73.
17. Anderson GL, Limacher M, Assaf AR et al. Effects of conju-
gated equine estrogen in postmenopausal women with
hysterectomy: the Womenâs Health Initiative randomized
controlled trial. JAMA 2004;291(14):1701-12.
18. Wells G, Tugwell P, Shea B et al. Meta-analyses of thera-
pies for postmenopausal osteoporosis. V. Meta-analysis of
the efïŹ cacy of hormone replacement therapy in treating
and preventing osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.
Endocr Rev 2002;23(4):529-39.
19. Briot K, Cortet B, Thomas T et al. 2012 update of French
guidelines for the pharmacological treatment of postmeno-
pausal osteoporosis. Joint Bone Spine 2012;79(3):304-13.
Références bibliographiques
AgendaAgenda
31e JournĂ©e de traumatologie du sport de la PitiĂ©-SalpĂȘtriĂšre
Paris (Maison de la chimie), le 9 novembre 2013
Lâobjectif de cette journĂ©e organisĂ©e par J.îRodineau et S.îBesch, de lâAssociation pour le dĂ©veloppement de la recherche en traumatologie
duîsport (ADRETS), est dâeffectuer des mises au point sur les tendinopathies calcanĂ©ennes et rotuliennes.
Renseignement et inscription :
Cabinet médical (ADRETS)
206, avenue de Versailles, 75016 Paris.
E-mail : adrets@yahoo.fr