Impact des consommations et abus d’alcool chez les sujets psychotiques S195
Des études ont été menées pour évaluer l’effi cacité de
ces programmes. Bartels et al trouvent des taux de rémis-
sion de l’ordre de 44 % pour l’abus d’alcool et de 41 % pour
les drogues chez 148 patients suivis pendant 7 ans [7].
Detrick et Stiepock rapportent un taux de sortie d’étude
de 0 % lors du suivi sur 18 mois de 17 patients [16].
De Leon et al., 2000 trouvent un taux de sortie des pro-
grammes moindre lorsqu’il s’agit de programmes intégrés
(étude sur 342 patients sans domicile fi xe).
Barrowclough observe moins de symptômes psychoti-
ques dans le groupe programme intégré sur une population
de 18 patients randomisés et suivis pendant 21 mois [6].
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Figure 2 Programme de prise en charge spécifi que d’un
trouble comorbide d’après Gouzoulis-Mayfrank, 2004.
Facteurs
neurobiologiques
communs (tempête
dopaminergique)
Trait de personnalité
communs (cluster
d’une PAS, impulsivité,
coping avec du stress)
Environnement
social
Motivation
individuelle
à consommer
Effets secondaires
du traitement
antidopaminergique
Schizophrénie
Mésusage
Super sensitivité
pour les substances
1° symptômes
de la psychose
Sypmtômes
dépressifs
Symptômes positifs
Symptômes négatifs
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