Business Intelligence

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1
Business Intelligence
Prof. Mourad Oubrich
Plan de Présentation
Définition de la BI
Chaine de la valeur de la BI
Marché de la BI
Métiers de la BI
Architecture de la BI
Technologie SAP BI
Les priorités des DSI pour 2012

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Données, Information, Connaissance
Harris (1996) :
Data => is facts, observations, or perceptions
Information => involves manipulation of data
Knowledge => is a combination of information, context,
and experience.
Mack (1995) :
Information = data + humain interpretation
Durand (1992) :
Actes Assimiler
Données Information Connaissance
Exemple d’illustration
C001090824000000001425000
C002071231000000189001250
…
Code Client
Date de dernière opération
Solde
Données
+
=
Information
Interprétation 2
1
Fouille de donnée
Recherche des comptes Gelés : Tout compte présentant une date de dernière opération qui
dépasse 1 an : Le client C002 est gelé (car sa date de DO : 31-12-2007)
Recherche des causes du gel (historiques des événement),
Génération des messages de relance des clients gelés
3
4
Interprétation / Évaluation / Décision : Connaissance
Domaines d’application de la BI
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%
Finance and Accounting
Sales
Marketing
Forecasting
Budgeting and Planning
Customer Service
Human Resources
Shipping and Logistics
(Gartner Research, 2009)

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Platformes BI
0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50%
Web Application
Desktop Application
Corporate Portal
E-mail
Operational Application
Mobile Devices
Vendeurs de solution BI
Business Intelligence (BI) ?
BI is a broad category of applications, technologies, and
processes for gathering, storing, accessing, and analyzing
data to help business users make better decisions
(Wikipedia)
BI is a set of technologies and processes that use data to
understand and analyze business performance (Davenport
and Harris, 2007).

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Source Systems
Many possible sources – relational database, ERP, XML,
Excel…
Many platforms – IBM, Oracle
Other issues – which sources to use, granularity, etc.
Data Integration
Traditionally known as extract, transform, and load – ETL
Normally performed using commercial (DataStage,
Informatica…) and Open Source software (SAS Data
Integration Studio, SQL Integration Service, Pentaho Data
Integration, Talend Open Studio…)
The data is transformed following business rules

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Metadata
Is data about the data
Can be sourced from many different tools and systems
Should be managed in a central directory
Table Colonne Type donnée Description
Client Id Client Numeric …
Client Nom Client Varchar (20) …
Produit Id Produit Numeric …
Data Quality
Garbage in Garbage out
Most companies have serious data quality problems
Data profiling is the starting point for understanding
the problems
There are many reasons for “dirty data”
Example Data Quality