ABSTRACT
The solubility of iron
in
oxic surface waters
is
controlled
in
part
by photochemical processes through
light-induced
reductive
dissolution of iron(lll)(hydr)oxides
in
the presence of ligands which
are metastable with respect to
Fe(lll).
ln particular, these
reactions may be of considerable importance in the release of
bioavailable Fe(ll)
to
organisms.
The present study reports mainly
on
laboratory experiments carried
out with hematite, a-Fe203, and oxalate as a model system.
ln the light-induced dissolution of hematite, oxalate acts both as
an electron donor and as a surface complex-former, thereby
promoting the detachment of reduced metal canters from the
surface.
Depending
on
the light intensity and the photon energy, different
pathways may
be
involved :
* A direct photochemical reduction of surface Fe(lll) to surface
Fe(ll) and subsequent detachment of the latter. The electron
transfer occurs either via a ligand to metal charge transfer
transition of the inner-sphere surface complex or according to a
charge transfer transition of the iron(lll)oxyde which involves its
semi-conductor properties.
For this reaction to happen, light
in
the near UV of the solar
spectrum
is
required, i.e. Â.<400nm.
* A photolysis of soluble iron(lll)-oxalato complexes.
* A thermal reductive reaction catalysed
by
Fe(ll). A fraction of the
dissolved Fe(ll) photochemically formed is readsorbed onto the
surface through the oxalate acting
as
a bridging ligand. The oxalate
bridge also favors the electron transfer from the adsorbed Fe(ll)
to
the surface Fe(lll).
Since under certain circumstances the light-induced dissolution of
hematite depends
in
part
on
the concentration of readsorbed Fe(ll),
the result may
be
depicted as
an
autocatalytic dissolution.
The rate of the light-induced dissolution of hematite is strongly
dependant
on
the partial pressure of oxygen. While under nitrogen
the reaction runs stoichiometrically, i.e. reduction of two moles of