L`INTERPRETARIAT MEDICAL ET SOCIAL PROFESSIONNEL EN

!"
"
"
#$%&'()%*)"+,-.$%,/)"01("234.%-)(5('-,(.,-"6'7.*,/")-"0$*.,/"5($&)00.$%%)/28"9.:(,-.$%0";,%-'"</0,*)8""!="%$>)6?()"@A!@"BC+<";-(,0?$1(:"
"
"
"
"
L’INTERPRETARIAT*MEDICAL*ET*SOCIAL*PROFESSIONNEL*EN*FRANCE**
DEFINITION*ET*COMPETENCES*SPECIFIQUES*
;D/>.)"9$00)(E31-F")-"3./.,%,";,?,%!"
"
"
#$%&'()%*)"+,-.$%,/)"01("234.%-)(5('-,(.,-"6'7.*,/")-"0$*.,/"5($&)00.$%%)/2"
!="%$>)6?()"@A!@"B"C+<";-(,0?$1(:"
"
"
"
G)" 01.0" /H" 5$1(" ()0-.-1)(" /)0" ('&/)I.$%0" )-" /)0" 5($5$0.-.$%0" 7J1%" :($15)" 7)" -(,>,./" 7J1%)" 7.F,.%)"
7J,00$*.,-.$%0K" #)0" ,00$*.,-.$%0" $%-" -(,>,.//'" )%0)6?/)" 5)%7,%-" 5()0L1)" 7)1I" ,%%')0" *$%0'*1-.>)0"
01("/JM,(6$%.0,-.$%")-"/,"&$(6,/.0,-.$%"7)"/,"5(,-.L1)"7)"/J.%-)(5(N-)"6'7.*,/")-"0$*.,/")%"O(,%*)")%"
@A!@K""
+$0",00$*.,-.$%08"0$%-"('5,(-.)0"7,%0" -$1-)"/,"O(,%*)"(ISM% à% Paris,% ISM% EST% à% Metz,% ISM% CORUM% à%
Lyon,%ASAMLA%à%Nantes,%RVH35%à%Rennes,%APTIRA%à%Angers,%MANA%à%Bordeaux,%COFRIMI%à%Toulouse,%
ADATE% à% Grenoble% et%MSA% à% Strasbourg)%)-" .%-)(>.)%%)%-" 7,%0" /)" 7$6,.%)" 7)" /," 5($6$-.$%" 7)" /,"
0,%-'"7)51.0" 1%)"L1,(,%-,.%)" 7J,%%')0"5$1(" /)0"5/10",%*.)%%)0K"C//)0" $%-"*$66)" 5(.%*.5,/"$?P)*-.&"
1%"':,/",**N0",1I"7($.-0")-"H"/,"0,%-'"7)0"5)(0$%%)0"6.:(,%-)0K"Q$1("*)"&,.()8")//)0"$%-"7'>)/$55'"7)0"
0)(>.*)0" 7J.%-)(5('-,(.,-" 6.0" H" 7.05$0.-.$%" 7)0" .%0-.-1-.$%0" 0,%.-,.()08" 0$*.,/)08" ,76.%.0-(,-.>)08"
'71*,-.>)0"R5(.%*.5,/)6)%-S"&,*./.-,%-"/)1(0"()/,-.$%0",1I"5)(0$%%)0"%$%"&(,%*$5M$%)0K""
#)/," ," ()5('0)%-'8" )%" @A!!8" @TA" AAA" M)1()0" 7J.%-)(>)%-.$%08" !!A" /,%:1)0" 7)" -(,>,./" )-" /J)I)(*.*)"
7J)%>.($%"UAA".%-)(5(N-)0K"
"
EEEEEEE"
"
Q$1(" (,55)/8" V;9" Q,(.0" ," $(:,%.0'" )%" 6,(0" @A!A8" ,1" 9.%.0-N()" 7)" /," ;,%-'" 1%" *$//$L1)" .%-.-1/'"
W"V%-)(5('-,(.,-8" ;,%-'" )-" Q('>)%-.$%" XK" <*-)1(0" )-" .%0-,%*)0" 0,%.-,.()0" )-" 0$*.,/)0" D" ,>,.)%-" ,*-'" /,"
5('0)%*)".%7.05)%0,?/)"7J1%".%-)(5(N-)")%"*$%01/-,-.$%"6'7.*,/)")-"0$*.,/)"/$(0L1)"/)0"?'%'&.*.,.()08"
5,-.)%-0")-"/)0"5($&)00.$%%)/0"7)" /,"0,%-'8"71"0$*.,/"$1"71" 6$%7)"6'7.*$0$*.,/"%)"5,(-,:)%-"5,0"/,"
6Y6)"/,%:1)K"#)"&1-"1%)"5()6.N()" '-,5)" 5$1(" /)>)(" /J$?0-,*/)" 7)"/,"?,((.N()" /.%:1.0-.L1)" 5('0)%-)"
7,%0" *)0" ()/,-.$%0K" 3J.%-)(5(N-)" '-,.-" )%&.%" ()*$%%1" *$66)" 1%" /)>.)(" .%*$%-$1(%,?/)" H" /J'*M,%:)"
)%-()" /)0" ,*-)1(0" 7)" /," 0,%-'" )-" 71" 6$%7)" 0$*.,/" 5$1(" 1%" )I)(*.*)" 5/).%" 7)" /)1(0" &$%*-.$%0")-" /)0"
5,-.)%-0"5$1("/)1("5,(-.*.5,-.$%")&&)*-.>)"H"*)"L1."/)1(",((.>)8"*)"7,%0"/)"()05)*-")-"/J,55/.*,-.$%"7)0"
/$.0"@AA@",1-$1("71"7($.-"7)0"10,:)(0")-"7)0"5,-.)%-0"M$05.-,/.0'0K""
<" /J.001)" 7)" *)--)" P$1(%')8" /)" :($15)" 7)" -(,>,./" %,-.$%,/" 0J)0-" *$%0-.-1'" H" /J.%.-.,-.>)" 7)" 9;<" 5$1("
,55($&$%7.(" *)" L1)" ()*$1>()" /," L1,/.&.*,-.$%" 7)" /J.%-)(5(N-)" )-" -(,>,.//)(" H" 5,(-.(" 7)0" .%-)(($:,-.$%0"
01.>,%-)0"Z""
[ \1."0$%-"/)0".%-)(5(N-)0"]"\1)"&$%-E./0"]""
[ ^)"L1."5,(/)%-"/)0"0$.:%,%-0")-"/)0"-(,>,.//)1(0"0$*.,1I"L1,%7"./0"&$%-",55)/"H"1%".%-)(5(N-)"6'7.*,/"
)-"0$*.,/"]""
[ C-" 71" *$-'" 7)0" 0-(1*-1()0" ,00$*.,-.>)08" /$(0L1J)//)0" 6.00.$%%)%-" 7)0" .%-)(5(N-)0" 5($&)00.$%%)/08"
L1)/0"0$%-"/)0":,:)0"7)"L1,/.-'")-"7)"*$65'-)%*)0"L1J)//)0">.0)%-"]""
"
3)" -(,>,./" 7)" -(,71*-.$%" )0-" :'%'(,/)6)%-" 6'*$%%1" )%" O(,%*)K" ^,%.*,%;'/)0_$>.-*M8%%05'*.,/.0-)" 7)"
*)--)" 7.0*.5/.%)8" 5,(/,.-" 7)" /," O(,%*)" *$66)% «%un% pays% porté% du% fait% de% sa% longue% hégémonie%
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
!";D/>.)"9$00)("B"31-F")0-"*,7()"7)"0,%-'8"&$(6,-(.*)8")-"`.*)EQ('0.7)%-)"7)"9.:(,-.$%0";,%-'"</0,*)K"3./.,%,"
;,?,%")0-"^.()*-(.*)"7)"9.:(,-.$%0";,%-'"</0,*)K"

@"
"
"
#$%&'()%*)"+,-.$%,/)"01("234.%-)(5('-,(.,-"6'7.*,/")-"0$*.,/"5($&)00.$%%)/28"9.:(,-.$%0";,%-'"</0,*)8""!="%$>)6?()"@A!@"BC+<";-(,0?$1(:"
"
"
"
"
linguistique,%à%l’insouciance%à%l’égard%de%la%traduction%».%C//)"(,P$1-,.-"Z"«%défendre%la%langue%française,%
c’est% aussi% offrir% des% relais% fiables% dans% les% vecteurs% de% la% pensée% que% sont% la% traduction% et%
l’interprétation%»2.% +$10" .%0*(.>,%-" 7,%0" /)" 5($/$%:)6)%-" 7)" 0)0" 5($5$08" %$10" >$17(.$%08" H" -(,>)(0"
*)--)" 7'6,(*M)" *$//)*-.>)" 7)" *$%*)5-1,/.0,-.$%8" 0)%0.?./.0)(" )-" ()%7()" >.:./,%-" /)0" ,*-)1(0"
5($&)00.$%%)/0" 7)0" 6./.)1I" 6'7.*,1I" )-" 0$*.,1I" ,1I" )I.:)%*)0" )-" ,1I" ()05$%0,?./.-'0" 71" -(,>,./"
7J.%-)(5(N-)K""
"
a)-(,b$%0"7,%0"1%"5()6.)("-)650"l’histoire*de*notre*démarche"Z""
"
V/"0J,:.-8"",1"7'5,(-8""5$1("/,"5/15,(-"7J)%-()"%$10"7J1%")%:,:)6)%-"6./.-,%-"5$1("/,"5($6$-.$%"7)"/,"
0,%-'"7)0"5)(0$%%)0"6.:(,%-)0K"#)5)%7,%-8"%$0",*-.$%0"0)"0$%-"5($&)00.$%%,/.0')0",1"&./"7)0",%%')0K"
#M,L1)",00$*.,-.$%","'-'"(,5.7)6)%-",--)%-.>)",1I",05)*-0"7'$%-$/$:.L1)0"05'*.&.L1)0"7)"/,"&$%*-.$%"
7)"/J.%-)(5(N-)"6.00.$%%'")-")%","5$0'"/)0"5(.%*.5)0"Z"&.7'/.-'"7)"/,"-(,71*-.$%8"*$%&.7)%-.,/.-'")-"0)*()-"
5($&)00.$%%)/8")-".65,(-.,/.-'K"C//)0"$%-"-$1-)0"('&/'*M."H"/)1("6.0)")%"c1>()")-"H"/)1("*$%&($%-,-.$%"
,1I" 5(,-.L1)0" >'*1)0" 7,%0" /)0" *$%-)I-)0" 7'/.*,-0" L1)" ()5('0)%-)%-" /)0" 0.-1,-.$%0" 7)" 0$.%" )-"
7J)%-()-.)%0" 0$*.,1IK" Q$1(" *)" &,.()8" *M,*1%)" 7J)%-()" )//)0" ," 7'>)/$55'" 7)0" 5,(-)%,(.,-0" ,>)*" 7)0"
*M)(*M)1(0")-"7)0"5($&)00.$%%)/0"7)"7.&&'()%-0"M$(.F$%0"Z",%-M($5$/$:1)08"50D*M.,-()08"50D*M$/$:1)08"
7'6$:(,5M)08" 5M./$0$5M)08" P1(.0-)0dK" )-" ," *$%0-(1.-" 7)0" 7.05$0.-.&0" 7J,**$65,:%)6)%-" 7)0"
.%-)(5(N-)0" )6?,1*M'0" H" -(,>)(0" /J$(:,%.0,-.$%" 7)" &$(6,-.$%0" .%.-.,/)08" 7)" -1-$(,-08" 7)" &$(6,-.$%0"
*$%-.%1)0"6,.0",100."5,("/,"6.0)")%"5/,*)"7)":($15)0"7J,%,/D0)"7)0"5(,-.L1)0K""
^,%0" *)--)" >.0')" 7'$%-$/$:.L1)8" )//)0" $%-8" ,1" *$1(0" 7)" *)0" %$6?()10)0" ,%%')0" 7J)I5'(.)%*)8"
*$%-.%1)//)6)%-"7'&)%71"/,"7.&&'()%*)")%-()"1%)"5)(0$%%)"E",6.8"6)6?()"7)"/,"&,6.//)"E"L1.8"5,(*)"
L1J)//)" 5,(/)" 7)1I" /,%:1)0" >," dépanner,")-" 1%" .%-)(5(N-)" &$(6'8" ,**$65,:%'8" ,D,%-" ('&/'*M." ,1I"
7.&&.*1/-'0")-",1I")%P)1I"7)"/J,*-)"7)"-(,71*-.$%K""
"
<.%0.",5(N0"=A",%%')0"7)"6,-1(,-.$%"R-)/0"%$0"6).//)1(0":(,%70"*(10S"01("*M,*1%"7)"%$0"-)(($.(08"%$10"
,>$%0" 7'*.7'" 7)" %$10" ():($15)(8" &$(-)6)%-" *$%0*.)%-0" 7)" /," %'*)00.-'" 7)" %$10" )%:,:)(" 7,%0" 1%)"
7'6,(*M)" %,-.$%,/)K" +$10" .%0*(.>,%-" 7,%0" 1%)" 6'-M$7$/$:.)" 7)" ()*M)(*M)E,*-.$%8" %$10" ,>$%0"
61-1,/.0'"%$0"5(,-.L1)0")-"%$0"('&/)I.$%08"*$//)*-'"/)0"-(,>,1I".%-)(%)08"/)0",>$%0" *$%&($%-'0"H"7)0"
/)*-1()0" 7)" 05'*.,/.0-)0" 7)"/," -(,71*-.$%" )-"7J,1-()0" 7.0*.5/.%)0K" <1"*$1(0" 7)" *)0"7)1I" ,%%')08" %$10"
%$10"0$66)0",**$(7'0"01("/)0"&$%7)6)%-0"71"-(,>,./"7J.%-)(5(N-)"6'7.*,/")-"0$*.,/K""
"
C%">$.*."/,"()0-.-1-.$%K""
C//)"7$.-"5)(6)--()8"%$10"/J)05'($%08")%"5()6.)("/.)1"7)"dépasser*la*méconnaissance*des*exigences*
du*travail*d’interprète.**
#)--)"6'*$%%,.00,%*)"5($>.)%-"H"/,"&$.0"7)0"5)(0$%%)0"L1."0$%-"0$//.*.-')0"R$1"0)"5($5$0)%-"7J)//)0E
6Y6)0S"5,(*)"L1J)//)0"5,(/)%-"7)1I"/,%:1)0")-"7)0"5($&)00.$%%)/0"7)"/,"0,%-'")-"71"0$*.,/K""
3)0"5()6.N()08"L1."5,(/)%-"7)1I"/,%:1)08"0)"0)%-)%-",00)F"05$%-,%'6)%-"$?/.:')0"7J.%-)(>)%.("Z"W"je%
dois%mettre%à%disposition%mon%savoir%puisque%je%parle%les%deux%langues,%je%peux%aider%mon%compatriote%
ou%le% docteur" d"XK" 7.0)%-E)//)0K" ^J,.//)1(08" )%" &$(6,-.$%" .%.-.,/)8" /)0" %$1>),1I" .%-)(5(N-)08" 7.0)%-"
5()0L1)" 0D0-'6,-.L1)6)%-" L1J./0" 0J)%:,:)%-" 7,%0" *)" 6'-.)(" 5$1(" W"être% le% guide,% éclairer,% ne% pas%
laisser%l’autre%dans%l’ignorance%….,%ne%pas%le%laisser%dans%un%sentiment%de%solitude,%d’abandon"dK""
+$10" $?0)(>$%0" L1)" /)0" 6$-.>,-.$%0" .%.-.,/)0" ()/N>)%-" 71" 7'0.(" 7J,.7)(K" <" *)" 0-,7)8" /)0" 5)(0$%%)0"
0$10E)0-.6)%-"/,(:)6)%-" /," *$65/)I.-'"7)" /J,*-)"7)" -(,71*-.$%8"5/10"5,(-.*1/.N()6)%-" /)0"7.&&.*1/-'0"
.%M'()%-)0"H"/,"-)*M%.L1)"7)"-(,71*-.$%"*$%0'*1-.>)"6,.0"01(-$1-"/)0")%P)1I"7)"6.0)")%"c1>()"7)0"
5(.%*.5)0"7'$%-$/$:.L1)0K"^)"&,b$%"01**.%*-)"R6Y6)"0."*J)0-"*,(.*,-1(,/S"W"Ce%n’est%pas%parce%que%je%
parle% deux% langues% que% je% suis% «%naturellement%»% interprète,% je% ne% peux% pas%me% situer%
«%naturellement%»%dans%le%respect%des%principes%déontologiques%…,%ni%dans%ce%que%représente%l’acte%de%
traduction.%#$66)"-$1-)"&$%*-.$%"5($&)00.$%%)//)8"P)"7$.0"6JD"5('5,()(8"5$1>$.(",%,/D0)("*)"L1."0)"
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
@";)/)0_$>.-*M"^K8"B"3)7)()("9K8"Interpréter%pour%traduire8"#$//)*-.$%"e(,71*-$/$:.)8"^.7.)("'7K"f/.%*_0.)*_8"@AA!K"

g"
"
"
#$%&'()%*)"+,-.$%,/)"01("234.%-)(5('-,(.,-"6'7.*,/")-"0$*.,/"5($&)00.$%%)/28"9.:(,-.$%0";,%-'"</0,*)8""!="%$>)6?()"@A!@"BC+<";-(,0?$1(:"
"
"
"
"
5,00)8" D" .%-':()(" 7)0" 0,>$.(0K" #)--)" 5(.0)" 7)" *$%0*.)%*)" '6)(:)" /$(0" 7)0" &$(6,-.$%0" L1)" %$10"
5($5$0$%0K""
"
3," 6'*$%%,.00,%*)" 7)0" )I.:)%*)0" 71" 6'-.)(" 7J.%-)(5(N-)" provient% ,100." 7)0" 5($&)00.$%%)/0" 7)" /,"
0,%-'" )-" 71" 0$*.,/K" </$(0" L1J./0" 0,>)%-" *)" L1." 5)1-" Y-()" $1" %$%" 7)6,%7'" H" 1%)" 0,:)E&)66)8" H" 1%"
6'7)*.%8" H" 1%" _.%'0.-M'(,5)1-)8" H" 1%" .%&.(6.)(8" H" 1%" '71*,-)1(8" 1%)" ,00.0-,%-)" 0$*.,/)8" ./0" %J$%-"
)%*$()"L1)"5)1")%>.0,:'8"5)1"('&/'*M.",1I"&$%*-.$%0"05'*.&.L1)0"7)"/J.%-)(5(N-)K""
^,%0" /," 5(,-.L1)" ,1" L1$-.7.)%8" 7)0" .%-)(($:,-.$%0" 01(:.00)%-K" ^)0" 6,/,7()00)0" 01(>.)%%)%-" 7,%0" /,"
*$//,?$(,-.$%K" ^)0" :/.00)6)%-0" 0J$5N()%-K" Q1.0L1)" /J.%-)(5(N-)" 5,(/)" /," 6Y6)" /,%:1)" L1)" /J10,:)(8"
«%ces% compatriotes]là,% ne% seraient]ils% pas% amis% ?"X" d" C-",/$(0" 6$.8" 0$.:%,%-" $1" -(,>,.//)1(" 0$*.,/8"%)"
0)(,.0EP)"5,0"-)%-'"7)"/1."*$%&.)("7J,1-()0"7)6,%7)0"h"(i/)0"*$66)"*)1I"7)"?(,%*,(7.)("(ex.%quand%je%
lui% propose% d’accompagner% l’usager% après% la% consultation% au% service% de% radiologie),"$1"
7J,**$65,:%,-)1("0$*.,/"Rex%le%guider%dans%ses%paperasses8S"$1"7J'*(.>,.%"51?/.*8"0."P)">,.0")%*$()"5/10"
/$.%" )%" lui% demandant% de% remplir% des% dossiers8" d"]" O.%,/)6)%-8" *$66)%-" /)0" 5($&)00.$%%)/0" 0)"
()5('0)%-)%-E./0" /," ()/,-.$%" 7)" /J.%-)(5(N-)" H" /J10,:)("6,.0" ,100.8" /)1(" 5($5()" *$//,?$(,-.$%" ,>)*"
/J.%-)(5(N-)"0J./0"%)"*$%%,.00)%-" 5,0"0$%" -)((.-$.()" 7J.%-)(>)%-.$%" ]"#$66)%-" >$%-E./0" -(,>,.//)(",>)*"
/1."]" \1." >$%-E./0" ():,(7)(" 71(,%-" /J)%-()-.)%" ]" \1)//)" 5/,*)" )-" L1)/0" -)650" 5('>$.)%-E./0" H" /,"
-(,71*-.$%"/$(0" 7)" /," *$%01/-,-.$%" ]" \1)//)" *$%&.,%*)" 5)1>)%-E./0" /1." ,**$(7)(" ]" \1)/0" W"(.0L1)0"X"
R0155$0'0")-"(')/0S"*)--)"-.)(*)"5('0)%*)".%71.-E)//)"]"
"
HHHHHHH*
*
#)--)"()0-.-1-.$%"7$.-")%01.-)"5)(6)--()"7)*délimiter*les*contours*du*travail*d’interprèteK""
^,%0" 1%)" >$/$%-'" 7)" /.0.?./.-'" )-" 7)" >.0.?./.-'" -,%-" H" /J':,(7" 7)0" .%-)(5(N-)0" )1IE6Y6)08" L1)" 7)0"
0-(1*-1()0",1IL1)//)0"0$%-"(,--,*M'0"/)0"5($&)00.$%%)/0"7)"/,"0,%-'")-"71"0$*.,/"L1."D"$%-"()*$1(08"%$0"
5($5$0"$%-"5$1("0$1*."7J)I5/.*.-)(")-"7)"6)--()")%"/16.N()"W"*)"L1)"&,.-"/J.%-)(5(N-)")-"*)"L1J./"%J)0-"
5,0"X8" 7)" /)>)(" /)" >$./)" 01(" *)" L1." 0)" P$1)" 7,%0" 1%)" *$%01/-,-.$%" ,>)*" 1%" .%-)(5(N-)" 5($&)00.$%%)/8"
6,.0"01(-$1-"-'6$.:%)(")%"L1$."/,"L1,/.-'"5($&)00.$%%)//)"7)"0$%".%-)(>)%-.$%")%(.*M.-8"%1,%*)8",&&.%)"
/,"*$%>)(0,-.$%"h"/)"7.,/$:1)")%-()"/)0"7)1I".%-)(/$*1-)1(0K""
*
\1)" 5$1>$%0E%$10" 7.()8" )%" L1)/L1)0" 6$-08" 0,*M,%-" L1)" /)0" ,-)/.)(0" 5('>10" *)-" ,5(N0B6.7."
7'>)/$55)($%-"/,(:)6)%-"/)0"-MN6)0"5('0)%-'0"]""
Q,(6."/)0"7'%$6.%,-.$%0"5$00.?/)08"/)":($15)" 7)"-(,>,./"," ()-)%1"/)"%$6" 7J"W"V%-)(5(N-)" 6'7.*,/" )-"
0$*.,/"X"$1"0)/$%"/)"*$%-)I-)"W".%-)(5(N-)")%"6./.)1"6'7.*,/")-"0$*.,/"XK""
Q,(" *)" *M$.I8" %$10" 0$1/.:%$%0" /)" &,.-" L1)" 0$%" )I)(*.*)" &,.-" ,55)/" H" 7)0" *$%%,.00,%*)0" .001)0" 7J1%)"
7$1?/)" &./.,-.$%"Z" *)//)0" 7)" /," 7.0*.5/.%)" 7)" /," -(,71*-.$%" )-" *)//)0" 5/10" -M'6,-.L1)0" )%" /.)%" ,>)*" /)0"
*$%-)I-)0"7J.%-)(>)%-.$%"7)0"*M,650"6'7.*,/")-"0$*.,/K""
"
L’interprète*médical*et*social*appartient*à*la*famille*de*l’interprétariat*de*liaison8""
*4)0-EHE7.()"
K L1J./" )&&)*-1)"" 1%" -(,>,./" 7)" -(,71*-.$%" $(,/)" jL1." 1-./.0)" /)0" -)*M%.L1)0" $5'(,-$.()0" 7)"
/J.%-)(5('-,-.$%"*$%0'*1-.>)k8"*)"L1.")0-"7.&&'()%-"7)"/,"-(,71*-.$%"'*(.-)K""
K L1J./" .%-)(>.)%-" )%" 5('0)%*)" 7)0" 7)1I" 5,(-.)0gK" " 3J.%-)(5(N-)" ()0-.-1)8" .%" >.>$" /)0" 5($5$0" 7J1%"
7.,/$:1)8" 7J1%)" *$%>)(0,-.$%" )%-()" 7)1I" 5)(0$%%)08" $1" 7J1%" 5)-.-" :($15)K" V/" ()0-.-1)" 5,("
W"0'L1)%b,:)"X" /)" 0)%0" 7)" -$10" /)0" 5($5$0" '6.0" 7)" /J1%" H" /J,1-()" )-" ,001()" 1%)" >).//)" 7)"
*$65('M)%0.$%8"H"/,"7.&&'()%*)"7)"/J.%-)(5('-,(.,-"7)"*$%&'()%*)K""
"
+$10",>$%0",1"*$1(0"7)"%$-()"*M)6.%)6)%-"*$//)*-.&"7':,:'")-"7.0-.%:1'*3*piliers*de*cette*pratique.**
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
g";J./"0)"()-($1>)"0)1/")%"5('0)%*)"7)"/J1%"$1"/J,1-()"7)0".%-)(/$*1-)1(08"./"%J)0-"5/10")%"0.-1,-.$%"7J.%-)(5('-,(.,-K"

="
"
"
#$%&'()%*)"+,-.$%,/)"01("234.%-)(5('-,(.,-"6'7.*,/")-"0$*.,/"5($&)00.$%%)/28"9.:(,-.$%0";,%-'"</0,*)8""!="%$>)6?()"@A!@"BC+<";-(,0?$1(:"
"
"
"
"
+$10"/)0",>$%0"%$66'0"Z""
K e(,71*-.$%"$(,/)""
K ^.05$%.?./.-'")-",--)%-.$%".%-)(*1/-1()//)""
K ^.0-,%*.,-.$%K""
V/0" *$%0-.-1)%-" /)0" &$%7)6)%-0" 7)" /J)I)(*.*)" 7J.%-)(5('-,(.,-" 6'7.*,/" )-" 0$*.,/" 5$1(" /)" ()05)*-" 7)0"
5(.%*.5)0" 7'$%-$/$:.L1)0" j&.7'/.-'8" *$%&.7)%-.,/.-'" )-" 0)*()-" 5($&)00.$%%)/8" .65,(-.,/.-'kK" V/0"
5)(6)--)%-" 7J.7)%-.&.)(" 7)0" *$65'-)%*)0" 7.0-.%*-)0" )-" 7J,6'/.$()(" /)0" 7.05$0.-.&0" 7)" &$(6,-.$%" )-"
7J,**$65,:%)6)%-K""
"
"
1. 3)"5()6.)(8")-"%$%"/)"6$.%7()8"*$%*)(%)*/,*traduction*orale*Z"*c1("71"6'-.)("$1",1-()6)%-"7.-"
0$%""W"%$D,1"71("XK"
""
3," -(,71*-.$%" $(,/)8" *J)0-EHE7.()" /J.%-)(5('-,-.$%" E" $1" 7,%0" %$0" 6./.)1I" l’interprétariat"E")0-" 0$1>)%-"
5)(b1)"*$66)"/)"5,()%-"5,1>()"7)"/,"-(,71*-.$%8"/,"-(,71*-.$%"'*(.-)")%"'-,%-"/J)I)(*.*)"7J'/.-)"$1"7)"
%$?/)00)K"#)--)" .7')"*$1(,%-)")0-"5$(-')"5,("/)0" 5)(0$%%)0"R6'7)*.%08"'71*,-)1(08"dS" L1." 5)%0)%-"
L1)"/)"/,%:,:)",1"L1$-.7.)%"%)"%'*)00.-)"5,0"7)"-)(6.%$/$:.)"05'*.&.L1)"6,.0",100."5,("1%)"5,(-.)"7)0"
05'*.,/.0-)0" 7)" /," -(,71*-.$%8" )1IE6Y6)0K" #)0" 5)(*)5-.$%0" 6'(.-)%-" 7JY-()" (',P10-')0K" 3)0"
-(,71*-.$%08"$(,/)"*$66)"'*(.-)8"5('0)%-)%-"*M,*1%)"/)1(0"7.&&.*1/-'0"5($5()0K""
^,%.*," ;'/)0_$>.-*M8" )//)E6Y6)8" 7,%0" /J.%-($71*-.$%" 71" /.>()" *$'*(.-" ,>)*" 9,(.,%%)" 3)7)()(8"
W"V%-)(5('-)("5$1("-(,71.()"X=8"*$%&($%-)"le%caractère%figé%du%texte%écrit"à%l’évanescence"du"discours%
oral.%C%"6)"('&'(,%-"H"0,"5)%0')8"",%,/D0$%0"/,"L1)0-.$%"7)"/,"-)65$(,/.-'.%;."&,*)"H"1%"-)I-)"'*(.-8"/)"
-(,71*-)1(" 5)1-" )-" 7$.-8" 7,%0" /)" 0$1*." 7)" &.7'/.-'8" 5()%7()" /)" -)650" 7J,%,/D0)(" /)0" '/'6)%-0"
*$%0-.-1-.&0" 7J1%" -)I-)8" " /," -)(6.%$/$:.)" )-" /," 0D%-,I)" 7)" /," /,%:1)8" /," 0.-1,-.$%" 7J.%-)(5('-,(.,-" 7)"
/.,.0$%" %$10" 5/,*)" 7,%0" 1%)" -)65$(,/.-'"7.&&'()%-)K"" 3,"*$%>)(0,-.$%" *(')"1%">," )-">.)%-"7)"5($5$0"
7,%0"/)0L1)/0"/)0"-(,71*-.$%0"7$.>)%-"0)":/.00)(K"3J.%-)(5(N-)"7$.-".66'7.,-)6)%-"RconsécutivementS"
0J,7,5-)(h" 0J,P10-)(" H" W"la% progression% du% discours""j0,%0" 5$1>$.(k%%dégager% la% langue% de%
l’enchainement%des%paroles%…%».%%
%
^,%0"%$0"*$%-)I-)08"L1)"5)1-8"L1)">,".%71.()"/J,0D6'-(.)"()/,-.$%%)//)")%-()"1%"10,:)(8"1%"5,-.)%-")-"
/)"6'7)*.%8"/J,00.0-,%-"0$*.,/"7,%0"/,"-(,71*-.$%"]"3)0"%.>),1I"7J)I5()00.$%08"7)0"%1,%*)0")-"():.0-()0"
7)"/,%:,:)0",7$5-'0"5,("*)0"5($-,:$%.0-)0"7.&&N()%-".%'>.-,?/)6)%-"01("/)"5/,%"/.%:1.0-.L1)")-"'6$-.&K"
Q)(6)--)FE6$."1%)".//10-(,-.$%"6Y6)"0.")//)")0-"0*M'6,-.L1)"Z"H"/JMi5.-,/8"/)0"5($&)00.$%%)/0"5)1>)%-"
,>$.(" -)%7,%*)" H" 10)(" 7)" >$*,?1/,.()" -)*M%.L1)"R/)" P,(:$%S" $1"&,.()" 5()1>)" 7J1%" 7.0*$1(0" 5/10"
7.0-,%*.'8" ,/$(0" L1)" /)0" 5($5$0" 71" 5,-.)%-" ()/N>)%-8" 71" &,.-" 6Y6)" 71" *$%-)I-)8" 7)" /J'6$-.$%8" 7)0"
,&&)*-08"7)"/J'-$%%)6)%-8""7)"/,"5)(5/)I.-'dK"K"""
l(8"7J1%"5$.%-"7)">1)"$5'(,-$.()8"-(,71.()"1%)"*$%>)(0,-.$%")%-()"1%"6'7)*.%8"1%"50D*M$/$:1)8"1%)"
,00.0-,%-)"0$*.,/)")-"0$%"5,-.)%-"$1"10,:)(">,"*$66)"5$1("-$1-".%-)(5(N-)"0)"7'*/.%)(")%"7)1I":(,%70"
5($*)0010"Z""
K /," ()0-.-1-.$%" 7)0" 5($5$0" 7)" *M,*1%" ,1" 5/10" 5(N0"7)" /)1(0" 0)%0" ()05)*-.&0" "E"*$%&$(6'6)%-" ,1I"
5(.%*.5)0" 7'$%-$/$:.L1)0" 7)" &.7'/.-'" )-" 7J.65,(-.,/.-'"E":(m*)" H" 7)0" L1,/.-'0" 7J'*$1-)8" 7)"
6'6$(.0,-.$%8"7)"*$65('M)%0.$%8"7)"(.*M)00)")-"(',*-.>.-'"/.%:1.0-.L1)08"7J1%)"5,(-""
K )-8"/,">).//)"7)"*$65('M)%0.$%"5($5()"H"/J.%-)(5('-,(.,-"7)"/.,.0$%8""7J,1-()"5,(-K"3J.%-)(5(N-)"7$.-"
,>$.("*$%0*.)%*)"L1J./","E""71"&,.-"7)0")&&)-0".66'7.,-0"L1)"5($71.-"0,"-(,71*-.$%"7,%0"/J)%-()-.)%""
j6'7.*,/")-"0$*.,/k"E"/,"()05$%0,?./.-'"7)"/,"*$65('M)%0.$%"7)"0,"-(,71*-.$%"5,("/)0"5($-,:$%.0-)0"
)%">).//,%-"H"/,"?$%%)"('*)5-.$%"7)"0)0"5($5$0"-(,71.-0K""
"
#$66)%-"*)/,"0)"P$1)E-E./")%"-)(6)0"7)"()05$%0,?./.-'")%"*,0"7J)(()1("h"7)"&,.?/)00)"7)"-(,71*-.$%"]""
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
=";)/)0_$>.-*M"^K8"B"3)7)()("9K8"ibid.8"5K"nK"

o"
"
"
#$%&'()%*)"+,-.$%,/)"01("234.%-)(5('-,(.,-"6'7.*,/")-"0$*.,/"5($&)00.$%%)/28"9.:(,-.$%0";,%-'"</0,*)8""!="%$>)6?()"@A!@"BC+<";-(,0?$1(:"
"
"
"
"
^,%.*,";'/)0_$>.-*M".%0.0-)"01("*)"5$.%-E/H"':,/)6)%-"5$1("7.0-.%:1)("-(,71*-.$%"'*(.-)")-"-(,71*-.$%"
$(,/)K"«%Face%à%la%médiocrité%de%certaines%traductions%écrites,%le%lecteur%a%la%possibilité%de%s’attarder,%
de%suppléer%par%la%réflexion%au%manque%de%clarté%d’une%traduction.%Ce%qui%n’est%pas%le%cas%de%l’auditeur%
lors%d’une%conversation.%%#)*."/J,6N%)" H"7.()" L1)" 0.%W" l’erreur% de% méthode% rend% la% traduction% écrite%
opaque,% elle% rend% la% traduction% orale% inopérante%»5K" ^,%0" /)" *$%-)I-)" 6'7.*,/" )-" 0$*.,/8" %$10" %$10"
5$1((.$%0" 7.()" W"(.0L1')"X" >$.()8" W"7,%:)()10)"X"Z" %$10",551D,%-" 01(" /J)I)65/)" 7)" /," "5()0*(.5-.$%"
6'7.*,/)")-"7)"0$%"$?0)(>,%*)8"/J.%-)(5(N-)"7)"/.,.0$%"7$.-"6)01()(",1-,%-""/)0"*$%0'L1)%*)0"7J1%)"
6,1>,.0)"-(,71*-.$%""L1)"7J1%)"6,1>,.0)"*$65('M)%0.$%"7)"*)//)E*.K""""
"
3," 5)(&$(6,%*)" 7)" /J.%-)(5(N-)8" jL1." %'*)00,.()6)%-" 0J,551.)" 01(" 7)0" *$65'-)%*)0" 5($5()0" H"
/J.%-)(5('-,-.$%"h" .%-)(5('-,(.,-"-)//)0" L1)" 7'*(.-)0" -$1-" H" /JM)1()" 5,(" 96)" #/,()" ^$%$>,%k%)0-%
%$-,66)%-" (',/.0')" :(m*)" H%/J,7$5-.$%" 5,(" /J.%-)(5(N-)" 7J1%" 7$1?/)" 6$1>)6)%-" R5$0-1()S"7)"
5('0)%*)h"()-(,.-"Z""
K W"Q('0)%*)"X8")%"&,.0,%-"5()1>)"7J'*$1-)"%)1-()8"7)"*$%*)%-(,-.$%")-"7)"7.05$%.?./.-'",1I"5($5$0"
0,%0"0)"/,.00)("7'0-,?./.0)("5,("/,"-)%)1("7)0"*$%-)%108"/)0"?(1.-0"7)"/J)%>.($%%)6)%-8"/,"5()00.$%"
71"*$%-)I-)")-"7)0",--.-17)08")-h$1"/)"01(:.00)6)%-"7)0",&&)*-0"&,*)"H"7)0"0.-1,-.$%0".%,--)%71)0"
$1"7(,6,-.L1)0K""
K W"a)-(,.-"X8">.0,%-"H"*)"L1)"/,"*$%>)(0,-.$%",.-"/.)1"W"*$66)"0."X"./"%p'-,.-"5,0"/HK"C%")&&)-8"7,%0"1%"
0$1*."7)"&/1.7.-'"7)"/,"*$%>)(0,-.$%8""./"7$.-"5$1>$.("P$1)("7)"&,b$%"01?-./)")-"7'-)(6.%')",>)*"/)"
(D-M6)"7)"/J)%-()-.)%")%"0,*M,%-".%-':()("0)0"0'L1)%*)0"7)"-(,71*-.$%0"-$1-")%"'-,%-">.:./,%-"H"/,"
*$65('M)%0.$%"7)0"5($5$0"L1J./"-(,71.-8"5$1("L1)"/)"7.,/$:1)"0$.-"$5'(,%-K""
"
"
2. +$10" ,>$%0" %$66'" /)" 7)1I.N6)" 5./.)(" 7)" *)" 6'-.)(*«*Disponibilité* et*attention*
interculturelle*».**
"
+$10"1-./.0$%0">$/$%-,.()6)%-"/)"-)(6)"7J"W".%-)(*1/-1()/"X")-"%$%"5,0""W"*1/-1()/"XK"#)"*M$.I"%J)0-"5,0"
,%$7.%K"""
Q('*.0$%0" )%" 5()6.)(" L1)" %$10" %)" 0'5,($%0" 5,0"/," /,%:1)" 7)" /," *1/-1()K" #)--)" ,&&.(6,-.$%" 5)1-"
5,(,q-()"1%)"'>.7)%*)",1I"5($&,%)08"6,.0"/$(0L1J$%".%-)(($:)"/)0"*M)6.%0"L1J)65(1%-)"/,"()0-.-1-.$%"
71"0)%0"7J1%)"/,%:1)"H"1%)",1-()8"$%",55($*M)"1%)">(,.)"*$65/)I.-'K"96)0"^$%$>,%")-"r'F.,-"/J$%-"
)I5$0'"R)-"./")%"0)(,"H"%$1>),1"L1)0-.$%"7,%0"/J,-)/.)("gS8""/,"/,%:1)")0-">)*-)1("71"&,.-"*1/-1()/8")-"
/J.%-)(5('-,-.$%" h" .%-)(5('-,(.,-" %)" 5)1-" Y-()" *$65(.0" *$66)" 1%" 0.65/)"6$1>)6)%-" 6'*,%.L1)"7)"
7'*$7,:)" h" ('E)%*$7,:)K" 3J.%-)(5(N-)" *$65()%7" )-" ()0-.-1)" :(m*)" H" /," 5)(-.%)%*)" 7)" 0," 5(.0)" )%"
*$65-)"7)0"*$%-)I-)08"H"0,"*,5,*.-'"H"/)"&,.()K"
`.)%-" )%01.-)8" 71" &,.-" L1J./" .%-)(>.)%-" 7,%0" /)" ():.0-()" 7)" /J.%-)(5('-,-.$%" " 7)" /.,.0$%8" " 0$%" ,1-()"
()05$%0,?./.-'"7)"W">).//)"7)"*$65('M)%0.$%"X"L1.")I.:)"7)"/1."1%)",--)%-.$%"05'*.,/)"Z"/,">.:./,%*)"H"/,"
01(>)%1)" 7J.%*$65('M)%0.$%0" )-h$1" 7)" 6,/)%-)%710" )%-()" /)0" .%-)(/$*1-)1(0K" ;J,5)(*)>,%-" 7J1%)"
*$%>)(0,-.$%",/-'(')8".%$5'(,%-)8"/J.%-)(5(N-)">,",/)(-)(K""V/""5)1-8"0)/$%"7)0"-)*M%.L1)0"7)"-(,71*-.$%8"
()&$(61/)(" 0)0" -(,71*-.$%08" "()%>$D)(" /)0" L1)0-.$%0" ,1I" .%-)(/$*1-)1(0K" l(8" 5/10.)1(0" '/'6)%-0""
5)1>)%-" Y-()" )%*M)>Y-('0" 7,%0" /)0" 6,/)%-)%710"7J1%)" *$%>)(0,-.$%" Z" 7)0" '/'6)%-0" /.%:1.0-.L1)08"
6,.0",100."7)0",05)*-0"50D*M$/$:.L1)0")-"*$%-)I-1)/0K"#J)0-"H"*)"6$6)%-E/H"L1)""*)(-,.%)0"0.-1,-.$%0"
5)1>)%-",6)%)("/J.%-)(5(N-)"H"0$(-.("7)"/,"-(,71*-.$%"0)/$%"7)0"(N:/)0"?.)%"5('*.0)0K""
C%"-($.0.N6)"*$%0-,-8"")%")&&)-8"%$0"%$6?()10)0",%%')0"7J)I5'(.)%*)0"%$10"$%-"6$%-('"L1)"7,%0"/)0"
*$%-)I-)0"7J.%-)(>)%-.$%"0$*.,/)")-"6'7.*,/)8"/J.%-)(5(N-)")0-"0$1>)%-",--)%71"H"1%)"5/,*)"7J)I5)(-8"
7)" *$%%,.00)1(" 7)" /," *1/-1()" 71" 6.:(,%-" 7)" /," 5,(-" 71" 5($&)00.$%%)/8" )-" 7)" &,b$%" 6$.%0" '>.7)%-)"
5)(b1"5,("/,"5)(0$%%)"%$%"&(,%*$5M$%)"*$66)"*)/1."L1.",1(,.-"7)0"*/)&0"7)"/)*-1()"7)0".%0-.-1-.$%08"
"""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""""
o"Ibid.%5K"nK"