Bulletin électronique de veille Cancer Environnement N° 3 du 07/ 11/ 2013 Ce bulletin de veille signale mensuellement une sélection de documents identifiés dans le cadre de la veille cancer environnement. La méthodologie mise en œuvre est présentée dans la fiche du site cancer environnement : http://www.cancer-environnement.fr/334-Veille-scientifique.ce.aspx Publications récentes Questionnaire-based second-hand smoke assessment in adults Évaluation du tabagisme passif chez les adultes à partir de questionnaires Pérez-Ríos M, Eur J Public Health. 2013 Oct Numerous studies have assessed second-hand smoke (SHS) exposure but a gold standard remains to be established. This study aimed to review how SHS exposure has been assessed in adults in questionnaire-based epidemiological studies. METHODS: A literature search of original papers in English, French, Italian or Spanish published from January 2000 to May 2011 was performed using PubMed. The variables recorded for each study included target population, sample size, validation of the SHS questions, study design and phrasing of every question used to assess SHS exposure. For each item, information such as the setting where exposure was assessed or the indicator used to ascertain SHS exposure was extracted. RESULTS: We retrieved 977 articles, of which 335 matched the inclusion criteria. The main objective of 75.8% of the studies was to assess SHS exposure.The proportion of validated questions aiming to ascertain SHS exposure was 17.9%. Most studies collected data only for one (40.3%) or two settings (33.4%), most frequently the home (83.9%) and workplace (57%). The most commonly used indicator to ascertain exposure was the presence of smokers and 68.9% of the studies included an item to assess the intensity of SHS exposure. CONCLUSIONS: The variability in the indicators and items used to ascertain SHS exposure is very high, whereas the use of items derived from validated studies remains low. Identifying the diverse settings where SHS exposure may occur is essential to accurately assess exposure over time. A standard set of items to identify SHS exposure in distinct settings is needed. 1 Tanning bed use is not associated with internal cancer risk: Evidence from a large cohortstudy. L’utilisation de banc solaire n'est pas associée au risque de cancer d’ organes internes : Résultats d’une vaste étude de cohorte Zhand M, Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev. 2013 Oct Background: Increased risk of skin cancer by indoor tanning has drawn public attention. However, there are arguments that tanning bed use increases vitamin D production, which may therefore prevent internal cancers. Methods: We follow 73,358 female nurses for 20 years (1989-2009) in the Nurses' Health Study II and investigated the frequency of tanning bed use during high school/college and at ages 25-35 in relation to the incidence of total cancers (excluding skin cancers). We used multivariate Cox proportional hazards models to estimate the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of total cancers and each individual major cancer with more than 100 cases. Results: During follow-up, a total of 4,271 internal cancer cases were diagnosed. No association was found between tanning bed use and risk of total cancers (multivariable-adjusted HR, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.95-1.04 for every 4 times/year use on average during high school/college and at ages 25-35). In addition, no association was found for the risk of any individual major cancers, such as breast cancer, thyroid cancer, colorectal cancer, nonHodgkin lymphoma, or endometrial cancer. Conclusions: Our data do not suggest any association between the use of tanning beds and risk of internal cancers. Impact: Based on the strong evidence of increase in skin cancer risk and no evidence of reduction in internal cancer risk by tanning bed use, it is important to warn the public against indoor tanning. Ambient air pollution and low birthweight: a European cohort study (ESCAPE) Pollution de l'air ambiant et faible poids de naissance : une étude de cohorte européenne (ESCAPE) Pedersen M, The Lancet Respiratory Medecine. 2013 Oct Ambient air pollution has been associated with restricted fetal growth, which is linked with adverse respiratory health in childhood. We assessed the effect of maternal exposure to low concentrations of ambient air pollution on birthweight. Methods : We pooled data from 14 population-based mother—child cohort studies in 12 European countries. Overall, the study population included 74 178 women who had singleton deliveries between Feb 11, 1994, and June 2, 2011, and for whom information about infant birthweight, gestational age, and sex was available. The primary outcome of interest was low birthweight at term (weight <2500 g at birth after 37 weeks of gestation). Mean concentrations of particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2·5 μm (PM2·5), less than 10 μm (PM10), and between 2·5 μm and 10 μm during pregnancy were estimated at maternal home addresses with temporally adjusted land-use regression models, as was PM2·5 absorbance and concentrations of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and nitrogen oxides. We also investigated traffic density on the nearest road and total traffic load. We calculated pooled effect estimates with random-effects models. Findings : A 5 μg/m3 increase in concentration of PM2·5 during pregnancy was associated with an increased risk of low birthweight at term (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1·18, 95% CI 1·06—1·33). An increased risk was also recorded for pregnancy concentrations lower than the present European Union annual PM2·5 limit of 25 μg/m3 (OR for 5 μg/m3 increase in participants exposed to concentrations of less than 20 μg/m3 1·41, 95% CI 1·20— 1·65). PM10 (OR for 10 μg/m3 increase 1·16, 95% CI 1·00—1·35), NO2 (OR for 10 μg/m3 increase 1·09, 1·00—1·19), and traffic density on nearest street (OR for increase of 5000 vehicles per day 1·06, 1·01—1·11) were also associated with increased risk of low birthweight at term. The population attributable risk estimated for a reduction in PM2·5 concentration to 10 μg/m3 during pregnancy corresponded to a decrease of 22% (95% CI 8—33%) in cases of low birthweight at term. Interpretation : Exposure to ambient air pollutants and traffic during pregnancy is associated with restricted fetal growth. A substantial proportion of cases of low birthweight at term could be prevented in Europe if urban air pollution was reduced. 2 Age and the effect of physical activity on breast cancer survival: A systematic review. L’âge et l’effet de l’activité physique sur la survie après cancer du sein : Une revue systématique Fontein DB, Cancer Treat Rev. 2013 Dec;39(8):958-65 The effect of physical activity (PA) on cancer survival is still the topic of debate in oncology research focusing on survivorship, and has been investigated retrospectively in several large clinical trials. PA has been shown to improve quality of life, fitness and strength, and to reduce depression and fatigue. At present, there is a growing body of evidence on the effects of PA interventions for cancer survivors on health outcomes. PA and functional limitations are interrelated in the elderly. However the relationship between breast cancer survival and PA in older breast cancer patients has not yet been fully investigated. Our systematic review of the existing literature on this topic yielded seventeen studies. Most reports demonstrated an improved overall and breast cancerspecific survival. Furthermore, in studies that compared younger women with older or postmenopausal women, it was suggested that the beneficial effect of PA may be even greater in older women. Understanding the interaction between physical functioning and cancer survival in older breast cancer patients is key, and may contribute to successful treatment and survival. In this population of cancer survivors it is therefore imperative to embark on research focused on improving physical functioning in the context of comorbidities and functional limitations. 3 Actualités et lettres d’information des acteurs Santé Environnement Région Rhône-Alpes National Agence Régionale de Santé Rhône-Alpes Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire, de l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du travail Air Rhône-Alpes Bulletin de veille bibliographique Nota Bene Cancer de l’Institut National du Cancer (INCa) Espace Régional de Santé Publique RhôneAlpes Lettre d’information de l’INCa Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l’environnement et l’agriculture Fédération Rhône-Alpes de Protection de la Nature Lettre d’information de l’Institut National de Recherche et de Sécurité pour la prévention des accidents du travail et des maladies professionnelles Institut de Recherche en Santé Publique Lettre d’information “Ademe et vous” Lettre Santé-Environnement Rhône-Alpes de l’ORS Rhône-Alpes La lettre de la Société Française de Santé Environnement Société Française de Santé Publique Bulletin Flash e-mail SFSP Société Française de Médecine du Travail Nos partenaires Avec soutien de : Pour tout abonnement/désabonnement à cet e-bulletin ou pour nous faire part d'informations à diffuser dans les prochains numéros, n’hésitez pas à nous écrire à l'adresse suivante : [email protected] Afin de respecter la législation sur la propriété intellectuelle, le bulletin de veille électronique renvoie l’internaute à la source d’origine de chacune des ressources répertoriées. Il propose systématiquement des liens vers d’autres sites qui ne relèvent pas de son autorité. Il est à noter qu’il n’est pas responsable du contenu de ces sites, des liens qui y sont suggérés et des changements ou mises à jour qu’ils subissent. « La relecture et sélection des publications de ce bulletin électronique est réalisée par des membres du comité éditorial du portail cancer-environnement.fr avec la participation des professionnels de santé du Centre Léon Bérard et ses partenaires, sur la base de leur pertinence dans le champ ‘cancer, environnement et nutrition’. Dans la mesure où le contenu des sources et des informations recensées dans ce e-bulletin n’engagent que leurs auteurs, il appartient au lecteur d’en évaluer la qualité. » E-Bulletin réalisé par le Comité Editorial du portail http://www.cancer-environnement.fr/48-Qui-sommes-nous.ce.aspx 4