Bulletin électronique de veille Cancer Environnement

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Bulletin électronique de veille Cancer Environnement
N° 7 du 06/ 03/ 2014
Ce bulletin de veille signale mensuellement une sélection de documents identifiés dans le cadre de la
veille cancer environnement. La méthodologie mise en œuvre est présentée dans la fiche du site cancer
environnement : http://www.cancer-environnement.fr/334-Veille-scientifique.ce.aspx
Publications récentes
Heavy smoking and lung cancer: Are women at higher risk? Result of the ICARE study.
Consommation élevée de tabac et cancer du poumon : les femmes sont–elles plus à risque? Résultat de
l’étude ICARE
Papadopoulos A et al., Br J Cancer., Jan. 2014
Background:Whether women are more or equally susceptible to the carcinogenic effects of cigarette smoke on
the lungs compared with men is a matter of controversy. Using a large French population-based case-control
study, we compared the lung cancer risk associated with cigarette smoking by gender. Methods: The study
included 2276 male and 650 female cases and 2780 male and 775 female controls. Lifetime smoking exposure
was represented by the comprehensive smoking index (CSI), which combines the duration, intensity and time
since cessation of smoking habits. The analysis was conducted among the ever smokers. All of the models were
adjusted for age, department (a regional administrative unit), education and occupational exposures.Results:
Overall, we found that the lung cancer risk was similar among men and women. However, we found that women
had a two-fold greater risk associated with a one-unit increase in CSI than men of developing either small cell
carcinoma (OR=15.9, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 7.6, 33.3 and 6.6, 95% CI 5.1, 8.5, respectively;
P<0.05) or squamous cell carcinoma (OR=13.1, 95% CI 6.3, 27.3 and 6.1, 95% CI 5.0, 7.3, respectively;
P<0.05). The association was similar between men and women for adenocarcinoma. Conclusion: Our findings
suggest that heavy smoking might confer to women a higher risk of lung cancer as compared with men.

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The prevalence of human papillomavirus in colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas: A
systematic review and meta-analysis.
La fréquence du papillomavirus humain dans les adénomes et adénocarcinomes colorectaux : une revue
systématique et méta-analyse.
Baandrup L et al., Eur J Cancer., Feb. 2014
The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in colorectal cancer has been widely studied with conflicting results.
We performed a systematic review and a meta-analysis to estimate the prevalence of HPV in colorectal
adenocarcinomas and adenomas, and test the potential association.
METHODS:
The pooled HPV prevalence was estimated using a random effects model and the I2 statistic was used to
describe the amount of heterogeneity. Potential sources of heterogeneity were evaluated by meta-regression and
stratified analyses. For the studies on adenocarcinomas including control tissue, random effects estimates of odds
ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated.
RESULTS:
Thirty-seven studies were included. Among the 2630 adenocarcinomas, the pooled HPV prevalence was 11.2%
(95% CI, 4.9-19.6%) with substantial between-study heterogeneity (I2=97.2%). The HPV prevalence varied by
geographical region with highest prevalence in South America (45.1%, 95% CI, 21.9-69.4%), Asia (39.2%, 95%
CI, 20.3-60.0%) and the Middle East (32.2%, 95% CI, 1.1-79.3%), and by detection method with the highest
HPV prevalence in PCR-based studies. In the eight case-control studies, the pooled HPV prevalence was 36.8%
(95% CI, 21.3-53.8%) in adenocarcinomas and 1.6% (95% CI, 0.0-9.6%) in controls giving an OR of 6.0 (95%
CI, 2.0-17.9%) for the association between HPV and colorectal cancer. Among the 415 adenomas, the pooled
HPV prevalence was 5.1% (95% CI, 0.0-17.8%; I2=93.7%).
CONCLUSIONS:
HPV may be associated with a subset of colorectal cancers. Future large-scale multicenter case-control studies
with data on risk factors such as lifestyle and sexual behaviour are needed.
The epigenome and cancer prevention: A complex story of dietary supplementation
L’épigénome et la prévention du cancer : un débat complexe sur la supplémentation alimentaire
Lee HS et al., Cancer Lett., Jan 2014
Epigenetic changes have been implicated in virtually all types of human malignancies. In contrast to genetic
changes, epigenetic changes occur in a gradual manner during the tumorigenic process and they are potentially
reversible. Because epigenetic changes have frequently been detected in high-risk populations, they are attractive
targets to prevent the initiation of premalignant lesions or their advance to a malignant stage. A wide range of
chemical entities has been found capable of altering the epigenome in animal models and humans.
Epidemiological and laboratory-based studies suggested that these agents may have an anti-neoplastic effect
against different cancer types. Several of these agents have been tested as dietary supplements, often with
conflicting results. In this review, we discuss recent developments in our understanding of agents capable of
modulating the epigenome and their potential to prevent human cancer when administered as dietary
supplements

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Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Risk of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma in
Nonsmoking Men and Women
Exposition au tabagisme passif et risque de lymphome non-hodgkinien chez des hommes et des femmes
n’ayant jamais fumé
Diver RW et al., Am J Epidemiol., Feb., 2014
Little is known about the risk of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) in nonsmokers who are exposed to
environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Previous research on NHL and ETS has not included men or examined
doses of ETS exposure during childhood. The Cancer Prevention Study II Nutrition Cohort collected information
on smoking habits and exposure to ETS during childhood and adulthood. Among 61,326 never-smoking men
and women, 884 incident cases of NHL were identified between 1992 and 2009. Multivariable-adjusted relative
risks and 95% confidence intervals were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression to identify
associations between ETS and NHL risk. Compared with no exposure to ETS as a child or an adult, childhood
and/or adult ETS exposure was not associated with NHL overall. There was a positive association between the
number of smokers in the house as a child (P for trend = 0.05) and exposure to 6 or more hours per week of ETS
as an adult (relative risk = 2.37, 95% confidence interval: 1.12, 5.04) with follicular lymphoma risk. Adult ETS
exposure was associated with a lower risk of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (relative risk = 0.68, 95%
confidence interval: 0.48, 0.97). This study suggests that adult and childhood ETS exposure may affect the risk
of NHL, and that the associations differ by histological subtype.

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Actualités et lettres d’information des acteurs Santé Environnement
Région Rhône-Alpes
National
Agence Régionale de Santé Rhône-Alpes
Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire, de
l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du
travail
Air Rhône-Alpes
Bulletin de veille bibliographique Nota Bene
Cancer de l’Institut National du Cancer
(INCa)
Lettre d’information de l’INCa
Espace Régional de Santé Publique Rhône-
Alpes
Institut national de recherche en sciences et
technologies pour l’environnement et
l’agriculture
Fédération Rhône-Alpes de Protection de la
Nature
Lettre d’information de l’Institut National de
Recherche et de Sécurité pour la prévention
des accidents du travail et des maladies
professionnelles
Institut de Recherche en Santé Publique
Lettre d’information “Ademe et vous”
Lettre Santé-Environnement Rhône-Alpes de
l’ORS Rhône-Alpes
La lettre de la Société Française de Santé
Environnement
Société Française de Santé Publique Bulletin
Flash e-mail SFSP
Société Française de Médecine du Travail
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