Synthèse - Toile SES

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Types de liens
Formes de protection
« Compter sur »
Formes de reconnaissance
« Compter pour »
Liens de filiation (parents-
enfants)
Solidarité intergénérationnelle, protection rapprochée
Reconnaissance affective
Liens électifs (couple, amis)
Solidarité interindividuelle, protection rapprochée
Réciprocité affective
Liens organiques (travail,
marché)
Protection contractualisée (contrat de travail, droit du
travail, protection sociale)
Sentiment d’utilité, statut social,
estime de soi
Liens de citoyenneté (au sein
d’un Etat)
Egalité juridique
Reconnaissance de l’individu
souverain
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Les fonctions des différentes instances d'intégration
Famille
Socialisation primaire acquisition des normes sociales (ex : premiers apprentissages de la
politesse), acquisition des rôles et des rapports de sexe ; lieu de solidarités multiples (affective
et pécuniaire)
École
Socialisation primaire et secondaire, facilite l'insertion professionnelle ; accès à une culture
commune ; égalité des chances et méritocratie (sélection d'une élite) ; sociabilité
Travail (instance principale)
Accès à un revenu et donc à une norme de consommation ; procure un statut social (utilité
sociale et estime de soi) et des droits sociaux, lieu de sociabilité et de socialisation secondaire.
État
Transcende les formes particulières d'appartenance ; accès à la citoyenneté et à la protection
sociale (Etat-providence)
Communautés (groupes de
pairs, associations...)
Sociabilité, convivialité, solidarité, épanouissement personnel
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