Chapitre 1 : Le brassage genetique et sa contribution a la diversite

!"#$%&'()*'+',-.-$%/0&'&$'-1230$%2.'
45"6%$#&'('+'7&'8#"99":&':-.-$%/0&'&$'9"';2.$#%80$%2.'<'3"'=%1&#9%$-'
'
(> 7"'9$"8%3%$-'=0';"#?2$?6&'=@0.&'&96A;&''
'
7&9'=%BB-#&.$&9'65"9&9'=&'3"'1%&'=&9'C$#&9'1%1".$9'9@2#:".%9&'&.'0.';?;3&'=&'=-1&3266&D&.$'
;"#";$-#%9$%/0&'"0';20#9'=0'/0&3'3&'.2D8#&'=&';5#2D292D&'E&$'=2.;'3&';"#?2$?6&'=&';5"/0&'&96A;&>'
&9$'D"%.$&.0';2.9$".$F'*0';20#9'=&';&';?;3&'%3'?'"'0.&'"3$&#.".;&'&.$#&'0.&'65"9&'=%632G=&'"0';20#9'
=&'3"/0&33&'3&9';&3303&9'92.$'=%632G=&9H';@&9$'<'=%#&'"1&;'=&0I'&I&D63"%#&9'=&';5"/0&';5#2D292D&H'&$'
0.&'65"9&'"632G=&'"0';20#9'=&'3"/0&33&'3&9';&3303&9'6299A=&.$'0.'9&03'&I&D63"%#&'=&';5"/0&'
;5#2D292D&F'45&J'3&9'D"DD%BA#&9'3"'65"9&'=%632G=&'&9$'6#-=2D%.".$&H'3"'65"9&'"632G=&'&9$'#-=0%$&'
"0I':"DA$&9F'K&0I'-1A.&D&.$9'D"L&0#9';2D6&.9"$&0#'6&#D&$$&.$'3"'9$"8%3%$-'=0';"#?2$?6&'+''
) 3"'D-%29&'/0%'6#2=0%$'=&9':"DA$&9'"632G=&'
) 3"'B-;2.="$%2.'/0%'#-$"83%$'3"'=%632G=%&'6"#'3"'B09%2.'=&9'=&0I':"DA$&9'"632G=&''''
'
((> 7&'=-#203&D&.$'=&'3"'D-%29&'12%#'9;5-D"''
'
7"'D-%29&'&9$'3@&.9&D83&'=&'=&0I'=%1%9%2.9';&3303"%#&9'90;;&99%1&9'/0%'6&#D&$$&.$'=&'6"99&#'=@0.&'
;&3303&'=%632G=&'<'/0"$#&';&3303&9'"632G=&9F'M33&'.@&9$'";;2D6":.-&'/0&'=@0.&'9&03&'65"9&'=&'
#-63%;"$%2.'"1".$'3"'6#&D%A#&'=%1%9%2.';&3303"%#&F'7"'6#&D%A#&'=%1%9%2.'9-6"#&'3&9';5#2D292D&9'
52D232:0&9H'3"'=&0I%AD&'=%1%9%2.'9-6"#&'3&9';5#2D"$%=&9''
'
(((> 7"'D-%29&'&9$'3&'9%A:&'=@0.'=2083&'8#"9":&':-.-$%/0&''
N> 7&'8#"99":&'%.$#"';5#2D292D%/0&''
'
O&0%33&'N'&$'P''
7&'8#"99":&'%.$#"';5#2D292D%/0&'9&'6#2=0%$'32#9'=&'3"'6#265"9&'=&'3"'6#&D%A#&'=%1%9%2.'D-%2$%/0&'
6"#';#299%.:)21&#'=&'B"Q2.'"3-"$2%#&H';@&9$'<'=%#&'/0@%3'.&'9&'6#2=0%$'6"9'$20L20#9'90#'3&9'DCD&9'
;5#2D292D&9'.%'90#'3&9'DCD&'32;09F'(3'.@"BB&;$&'/0&'3&9':A.&9'3%-9';@&9$'"'=%#&'3&9':A.&9'6#-9&.$9'90#'
0.'DCD&';5#2D292D&F'*0';20#9'=&'3"'6#265"9&'N'3&9';5#2D292D&9'52D232:0&'"'=&0I';5#2D"$%=&9'
"66"#%-9'9@&.#203&.$'&$'9&'3%&.$'"0'.%1&"0'=&'J2.&'"66&3-';5%"9D"F'(39'6&01&.$'"32#9'-;5".:&#'=&9'
9&:D&.$9'=&';5#2D"$%=&9'52D232:0&'9&'/0%'&.$#"%.&'=&'.201&33&9'"992;%"$%2.9'=@"33A3&9'90#'9&9'
;5#2D"$%=&9'#&D".%-'&$'3"'B2#D"$%2.'=&';5#2D292D&9'"1&;'=&9';5#2D"$%=&9'=%BB-#&.$9F'7"'
=%9L2.;$%2.'=&9';5#2D"$%=&9'"'3@"."65"9&'P'"820$%'"'3"'B2#D"$%2.'=&';&3303&9'"632G=&9';2.$&.".$'=&9'
;5#2D292D&9'=%BB-#&.$9F'7"'B#-/0&.;&'=&9';#299%.:)21&#'#-1A3&'3@-32%:.&D&.$'=&9'32;09'+'6309'3&'
620#;&.$":&'=&'#&;2D8%."%92.'&.$#&'=&0I':A.&9'&9$':#".='6309';&9'=&0I':A.&9'92.$'-32%:.-9F''
'
P> 7&'8#"99":&'%.$&#';5#2D292D%/0&'
'
(3'9&'6#2=0%$'32#9'=&'$20$&9'3&9'D-%29&9'&$'"BB&;$&'3&9':A.&9'9%$0-9'90#'=&9';206&9'=&';5#2D292D&9'
=%BB-#&.$9'"66&3-':A.&'%.=-6&.=".$F''
*0';20#9'=&'3"'6#&D%A#&'=%1%9%2.'=&'D-%29&H'3"'=%9629%$%2.'B";&'<'B";&'=&9';5#2D292D&9'52D232:0&9'
=&'6"#$'&$'=@"0$#&'=0'63".'-/0"$2#%"3'=&'3"';&3303&'&.'D-$"65"9&'N'9&'6#2=0%$'=&'B"Q2.'"3-"$2%#&F'!0%9'
"'3@"."65"9&'N'3"'D%:#"$%2.'"0I'6R3&9'26629-'=&'3"';&3303&'&.$#"%.&'0.&'=%9L2.;$%2.'=&9';2063&9'
=@"33A3&9F'K&'.201&33&9'"992;%"$%2.9'=&';5#2D292D&9'9&';#-&9H';&'/0%';2.=0%$'<'=&'.201&33&9'
"992;%"$%2.9'=@"33A3&9'=".9';5"/0&':"DA$&F'S%'3&'.2D8#&'=&'6"%#&'=&';5#2D292D&'&9$'.H'3&'.2D8#&'
=@"992;%"$%2.'6299%83&'&9$'=&'P.H';5&J'3@52DD&'.'T'PU'=2.;'PPU';&'/0%'B"%$'V'D%33%2.9'=&';2D8%."%92.9F''
S;5-D"'=0'8#"99":&'%.$&#';5#2D292D%/0&'B&0%33&'UF''
7&'8#"99":&'%.$#"';5#2D292D%/0&'.&'9&'6#2=0%$'6"9'$20L20#9'"1".$'3&'8#"99":&'%.$&#';5#2D292D%/0&'
D"%9'32#9/0@%3'9&'6#2=0%$'%3'"0:D&.$&'3"'=%1&#9%$-'=&9':"DA$&9'6#2=0%$9F'
'
'
(W> 7"'B-;2.="$%2.H'920#;&'=&'=%1&#9%$-':-.-$%/0&'90663-D&.$"%#&''
'
7"'B-;2.="$%2.'9&';"#";$-#%9&'6"#'3"'#&.;2.$#&'"0'5"9"#='=&':"DA$&9'"632G=&9F'M33&'&.$#"%.&'3"'
#&;2.9$%$0$%2.'"3-"$2%#&'=&';2063&'=&';5#2D292D&'52D232:0&'=2.;'=&';2063&'=@"33A3&9F'M33&'"D63%B%&'
=&'B"Q2.';2.9%=-#"83&'3&'8#"99":&':-.-$%/0&'=0'"'3"'D-%29&F'45"/0&'X0B'&$'=2.;';5"/0&'%.=%1%=0'&9$'
=2.;'0.%/0&F''
'
W> K&9'";;%=&.$9'&.';20#9'=&'D-%29&''
N> K&9'".2D"3%&9'=0';"#?2$?6&'
'
45&J'3&9'&96A;&9'=&'D"DD%BA#&9H'%3'6&0$'9&'6#2=0%#&'=&9'".2D"3%&9'=".9'3"'#-6"#$%$%2.'=&9'
;5#2D292D&9'32#9'=&'3"':"D-$2:&.A9&F'M33&9'&.$#"%.&.$'=&9'".2D"3%&9'=0'.2D8#&'=&';5#2D292D&9'
=".9'3&9':"DA$&9'60%9'=".9'3"';&3303&'X0BH'60%9'=".9'$20$&9'3&9';&3303&9'=&'3@%.=%1%=0F'MI&D63&'"1&;'3"'
$#%92D%&'/0%'9&'$#"=0%$'6"#'0.';5#2D292D&'&.'6309'E$#%92D%&'PN>'20'3"'D2.292D%&'/0%'9&'$#"=0%$'6"#'
3"'6&#$&'=@0.';5#2D292D&F'7@2#%:%.&'=&';&9'".2D"3%&9'&9$'0.&'.2.)=%9L2.;$%2.'=&9';5#2D292D&9'
52D232:0&9'"0';20#9'=&'3"'6#&D%A#&'=%1%9%2.'D-%2$%/0&H'20'0.&'.2.)=%9L2.;$%2.'=&';5#2D"$%=&'"0'
;20#9'=&'3"'=&0I%AD&'=%1%9%2.'D-%2$%/0&F'(3'9&'B2#D&'"%.9%'=&9':"DA$&9'".2#D"0I'"1&;'0.'
;5#2D292D&'&.'6309'E.YN>'20'&.'D2%.9'E.)N>F'7"'B-;2.="$%2.'=&';&9':"DA$&9'6"#'=&9':"DA$&9'
.2#D"0I';2.=0%$'"'=&9';&3303&9'X0B9'$#%92D%/0&'EP.YN>'20'D2.29-D%/0&'EP.)N>F'
'
P> Z.&'920#;&'=@&.#&:%9$#&D&.$'=0':-.2D&''
'
!"#B2%9'3&';#299%.:'21&#'9&'6#2=0%$'";;%=&.$&33&D&.$'90#'=&9'62#$%2.9'=&';5#2D292D&9'/0%'.&'92.$'
6"9'52D232:0&F'S&';#299%.:'21&#'%.-:"3'6&0$';2.=0%#&'"'3@28$&.$%2.'=@0.';5#2D292D&'62#$".$'0.'
:A.&'&.'=&0I'&I&D63"%#&'&$'=@0.';5#2D292D&'9".9'9&':A.&F'7"';&3303&'X0B'28$&.0'"1&;'0.':"DA$&'
;2.$&.".$'0.':A.&'&.'6309'E%990'=&'9&';#299%.:'21&#'%.-:"3>H'&$'0.':"DA$&'.2#D"3'"0#"'3&':A.&'&.'
$#2%9'&I&D63"%#&'"0'3%&0'=&'=&0IF'S&'65-.2DA.&'6&#D&$'=2.;'3"'=063%;"$%2.'=@0.':A.&F'*'3"'90%$&'=&'
3"'=063%;"$%2.H'"0';20#9'=&9':-.-#"$%2.9'90;;&99%1&9'3&9'=&0I';26%&9'=&9':A.&9'6#-9&.$'90#'3&'DCD&'
;5#2D292D&'";;0D03&'%.=-6&.="DD&.$'=&9'D0$"$%2.9'B2#D".$'=&9':A.&9'=%BB-#&.$9'/0%'6&01&.$'
;2=&#'620#'=&9'6#2$-%.&9'=%BB-#&.$&9'D"%9'3&9'6#2$-%.&9'6&01&.$'C$#&'=%BB-#&.$&'"1&;'3"'DCD&'
B2.;$%2.H'=2.;'"?".$'20'.2.'=&9'B2.;$%2.'=%BB-#&.$&9F'4&9':A.&9'/0%'2.'0.&'6"#&.$-'D23-;03"%#&'
9%:.%B%;"$%1&';2.9$%$0&.$'0.&'B"D%33&'D03$%:-.%/0&H';2DD&'3"'B"D%33&'=&9':328%.&9'E=2;0D&.$'[H'6":&'
P\>F'
7&9':-.2D&9'9&'=%1&#9%B%&.$'"0';20#9'=0'$&D69'6"#';#-"$%2.'=&':A.&'.201&"0I'"'6"#$%#'=&':A.&9'
6#-&I%9$".$9H';&'/0%'"0#"%$'&.$#"%.-'3@"66"#%$%2.'=&'.201&33&9';"#";$-#%9$%/0&9'65-.2$?6%/0&'"'
3@2#%:%.&'=&'3@-1230$%2.'=&9'&96A;&9F''
'
]-1%9%2.'+'
!20#'9"12%#'9%'=&9':A.&9'92.$'3%-9'20'%.=-6&.=".$9'2.'#-"3%9&'0.'$&9$';#299'^';#2%9&D&.$'$&9$'+'3&'
;#2%9&D&.$'&.$#&'0.'%.=%1%=0'5-$-#2J?:2$&'620#'=&0I':A.&9'&$'0.'%.=%1%=0'52D2J?:2$&'#-;&99%B'620#'
;&9'=&0I':A.&9F'M.'&BB&$H'3@%.=%1%=0'#-;&99%B'.&'6#2=0%#"'/0@0.'9&03'$?6&'=&':"DA$&'/0%'.&'9@&I6#%D&#"'
6"9'=".9'3"'=&9;&.=".;&F'*'3@%.1&#9&H'3@%.=%1%=0'5-$-#2J?:2$&'6#2=0%#"'=0'B"%$'=0'8#"99":&':-.-$%/0&'
['$?6&'=&':"DA$&9'/0%'&I6#%D&#2.$'3&0#9'"33A3&9'=".9'3"'=&9;&.=".;&F'72#9/0&'3@2.'=-.2D8#&'3&'
620#;&.$":&'=&9'/0"$#&'$?6&9'=@%.=%1%=09'=&'3"'=&9;&.=".;&H'9%'3&'620#;&.$":&'=&9'/0"$#&'%.=%1%=0'
&9$'&.1%#2.'%=&.$%/0&'=".9';&';"9'3"'3&9':"DA$&9'6#2=0%$9'6"#'3@5-$-#2J?:2$&'92.$'"099%'&.'/0".$%$-'
-:"3&'=2.;'%9909'=@0.'8#"99":&'%.$&#';5#2D292D%/0&'32#9'=&'3"'D-%29&';&'/0%'.@&9$'6299%83&'/0&'9%'3&9'
:A.&9'92.$'%.=-6&.=".$9F''
S%'=".9'3&9'%.=%1%=09'28$&.09'%3'?'"'0.'B"%83&'620#;&.$":&'=&'65-.2$?6&'#&;2D8%.-'2.'&.'=-=0%$'/0&'
3&9':"DA$&9'=&'$?6&'#&;2D8%.-'2.$'"099%'0.'B"%83&'620#;&.$":&'=&'$?6&'#&;2D8%.-F'4&'/0%'.@&9$'
6299%83&'/0&'9@%3'?'"'&0'0.'8#"99":&'%.$#"';5#2D292D%/0&H'=".9';&';"9'3&9':A.&9'92.$'3%-9F''
'
1 / 2 100%

Chapitre 1 : Le brassage genetique et sa contribution a la diversite

La catégorie de ce document est-elle correcte?
Merci pour votre participation!

Faire une suggestion

Avez-vous trouvé des erreurs dans linterface ou les textes ? Ou savez-vous comment améliorer linterface utilisateur de StudyLib ? Nhésitez pas à envoyer vos suggestions. Cest très important pour nous !