Interférences par division du front d`onde Notes de

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|∆p|>1/2
• |∆p|
• |∆p|
S S0
S1
S2)~u1~u2S1S2~u1=−−−→
S0S1
S0S1~u2=−−−→
S0S2
S0S2
δ∆=(SS1−SS2)−(S0S1−S0S2)
M
B
|δ∆| ≈ −−→ SS0.(~u1−~u2)< λ
SS1=r−−→ SS0+−−−→ S0S12SS1=S0S1.1+2.−−→ SS0.~u1+SS0
S0S121
2
SS1≈S0S1.1 + −−→ SS0.~u1SS2≈S0S2.1 + −−→ SS0.~u2
S S0∆ϕ(S, M)≈∆ϕ(S0, M)⇔2.π∆(S)
λ≈
2.π∆(S0)
λ2.πδ∆ λ2.π δ∆
|∆p|<1|δ∆|< λ
|δ∆| ≈ −−→ SS0.(~u1−~u2)< λ
•δ∆−−→ SS0⊥(~u1−~u2)
~u1~u2
•~u1=~u2
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n
e
B
e n
δ(M)δ0(M) = δ(M)+(n−1) e δ0= (n−1) e
I(M) = I1+I2+ 2pI1I2cos 2π
λ(δ(M) + δ0)
δp0=δ0
λ=(n−1)e λ
I(λ) = I1+I2+ 2pI1.I2.cos 2π
λ∆ + ϕsup
I=
N
P
k=1
I(λk)
I=Rλmin
λmin I(λ)dλ
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p(M) = δ(M)
λλ M
M
M
M
M
|δ|> lc=c∆t|∆p|>1/2|∆p|
∆λ/2p1=δ
λ1p2=δ λ2
|p2−p1|>1
δ
λ1−δ λ2
>1⇔
δ∆λ
λ2
>1
|δ|> lc=c∆t lc=λ2
∆λ⇒
lc=c∆t∆λ
λ
lc=λ2
∆λ
δ
|δ|> lc
N
` x y
a x λ
N
N= 8 ` x y
a x λ
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