Some grammar keys - Sen

COURSD’ANGLAIS(classede4ème)
PresentedbyMr.KhazimDiopAcademicyear:20112012
 Some grammar keys
●Inversion
When the following words are at the beginning of a sentence, we apply the inversion
Never + inversion ………………… . Ex: Never before have we produced so much rubbish.
Little +inversion ……………………
Not only +inversion …… ..but Ex: Not only is he the strongest but also the
No sooner+ inversion …… than … ..
Hardly+ inversion …………… .when ……
●Ing forms
Le gérondif peut remplir toutes les fonctions du groupe nominal
●Sujet :smoking is harmful
●Complement : I dislike fishing
●Après les conjunctions et prepositions: I’m tired of telling you the same old stuff.
●Après les verbes exprimant les dispositions psychologiques:to feel like, like,
dislike, love, hate, enjoy.
Ex: I dislike playing tennis.
●Après les verbes exprimant le début , la fin ou la continuation d’une action: to
start, to begin, to continue, to carry on, to go on, to keep on, to stop, to cease
(start et begin peuvent aussi être suivis de l’infinitif)
●Après certains verbes et expressions comme: avoid, can’t help, imagine, mind,
practice, it’s worth, it’s no use, it’s no good, it’s fun, to be fed up with…
●Après Instead of Ex: Instead of doing your job, you waste time talking nonsense.

COURSD’ANGLAIS(classede4ème)
●Infinitive with/without to
A-verbs followed by the infinitive with to (infinitif complet)
Certains verbes sont toujours suivis de l’infinitif avec to:
sujet+verbe+objet+infinitif avec to
En anglais, je veux que tu fasses cela se traduit par : I want you to do that. Quand les
verbes comme to want-to ask-to order-to help-to expect-to beg-to tell-to allow-to get …
sont suivis d’un nom ou d’un pronom plus un autre verbe avec to.
They
want
the others
to tell them the truth.
ask
order
help
expect
beg
tell
allow
Negation: I told him not to do that.
B-verbs followed by the infitive without to
D’autres verbes sont suivis de l’infinitif sans to ex: to make-to let-to see-to hear-to have- to
make someone do something=faire faire quelque chose à quelqu’un.
Sujet+verbe+objet+infinitif sans to
make

COURSD’ANGLAIS(classede4ème)
They
the others
tell the truth.
let
see
hear
have
Apres Why / Why not: Why worry about those who are jealous? Why not do the job right now?
●Habit
●Used to+base verbale=l’habitude dans le passé ou la cessation
Ex: He used to smoke. (In the past, and he no longer smoks)
●To be used to+ nom/ pronom/ ing= l’habitude
Ex: He is used to long journeys. He is used to that. He is used to toiling.
●To get used to= s’habituer à, se familiariser à + - ing
Ex: Soldiers get used to remaining more than three days without sleeping. He gets
used to drinking coffee without sugar.
●It’s … time
●It’s the first time(2nd time)+present perfect
Ex: it’s the first time I have met President Wade.
●It was the first time+ past perfect
Ex: it was the first time I had met President Wade (in 2002)
●It’s (high, about)time+ infinitif ou sujet+ preterit
It’s (high) time to go to school.
It’s (high) time we went to school.
●Hadbetter+infinitivewithout‘to’
Strongrecommendationinaparticularsituation(threat,warning...)

COURSD’ANGLAIS(classede4ème)
Ex:Youhadbetterobeyyourparents.
Ex:You’dbetterhurry;you’realmostlate
●‘Wouldrather’
Wouldrather+semiinfinitivemeans‘wouldprefer’
Ex:WouldyourathergotoTheUSAortoEurope?
Wouldrather+subject+pasttensetoexpresspreferenceinthepresentorfuture.
Ex: I’d rather you did your exercises straight away.