Some grammar keys - Sen

COURS D’ANGLAIS (classe de 4ème)
Presented by Mr. Khazim Diop Academic year: 2011­2012
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Some grammar keys
Inversion
When the following words are at the beginning of a sentence, we apply the inversion
Never + inversion…………………. Ex: Never before have we produced so much rubbish.
Little +inversion……………………
Not only +inversion……..but Ex: Not only is he the strongest but also the
No sooner+ inversion……than…..
Hardly+ inversion…………….when……
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Ing forms
Le gérondif peut remplir toutes les fonctions du groupe nominal
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Sujet :smoking is harmful
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Complement : I dislike fishing
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Après les conjunctions et prepositions: I’m tired of telling you the same old stuff.
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Après les verbes exprimant les dispositions psychologiques:to feel like, like,
dislike, love, hate, enjoy.
Ex: I dislike playing tennis.
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Après les verbes exprimant le début , la fin ou la continuation d’une action: to
start, to begin, to continue, to carry on, to go on, to keep on, to stop, to cease
(start et begin peuvent aussi être suivis de l’infinitif)
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Après certains verbes et expressions comme: avoid, can’t help, imagine, mind,
practice, it’s worth, it’s no use, it’s no good, it’s fun, to be fed up with…
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Après Instead of Ex: Instead of doing your job, you waste time talking nonsense.
COURS D’ANGLAIS (classe de 4ème)
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Infinitive with/without to
A-verbs followed by the infinitive with to (infinitif complet)
Certains verbes sont toujours suivis de l’infinitif avec to:
sujet+verbe+objet+infinitif avec to
En anglais, je veux que tu fasses cela se traduit par : I want you to do that. Quand les
verbes comme to want-to ask-to order-to help-to expect-to beg-to tell-to allow-to get…
sont suivis d’un nom ou d’un pronom plus un autre verbe avec to.
want
They
the others
to tell them the truth.
ask
order
help
expect
beg
tell
allow
Negation: I told him not to do that.
B-verbs followed by the infitive without to
D’autres verbes sont suivis de l’infinitif sans to ex: to make-to let-to see-to hear-to have- to
make someone do something=faire faire quelque chose à quelqu’un.
Sujet+verbe+objet+infinitif sans to
make
COURS D’ANGLAIS (classe de 4ème)
They
the others
tell the truth.
let
see
hear
have
Apres Why / Why not: Why worry about those who are jealous? Why not do the job right now?
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Habit
Used to+base verbale=l’habitude dans le passé ou la cessation
Ex: He used to smoke. (In the past, and he no longer smoks)
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To be used to+ nom/ pronom/ ing= l’habitude
Ex: He is used to long journeys. He is used to that. He is used to toiling.
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To get used to= s’habituer à, se familiariser à + - ing
Ex: Soldiers get used to remaining more than three days without sleeping. He gets
used to drinking coffee without sugar.
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It’s…time
It’s the first time(2nd time)+present perfect
Ex: it’s the first time I have met President Wade.
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It was the first time+ past perfect
Ex: it was the first time I had met President Wade (in 2002)
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It’s (high, about)time+ infinitif ou sujet+ preterit
It’s (high) time to go to school.
It’s (high) time we went to school.
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Had better + infinitive without ‘to’
Strong recommendation in a particular situation (threat, warning...)
COURS D’ANGLAIS (classe de 4ème)
Ex: You had better obey your parents.
Ex: You’d better hurry; you’re almost late
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‘Would rather’
Would rather + semi infinitive means ‘would prefer’
Ex: Would you rather go to The USA or to Europe?
Would rather + subject + past tense to express preference in the present or future.
Ex: I’d rather you did your exercises straight away.