publicité parce

A Handat
Writing…
Strategies ➤ p. 163, 169
a letter
A. Enrichir vos phrases
I read your article about tobacco advertising.
1. Ajoutez trois précisions aux endroits adéquats : ‘published in The Guardian’ – ‘on May 31st, 2002’ – ‘enlightening’.
2. Transformez la première partie en utilisant after + V -ING pour indiquer ensuite que c’est après la lecture de cet article
que vous avez décidé d’écrire au journal pour faire part de votre indignation. (be shocked/indignant)
B. Améliorer votre expression écrite
1 Analysez le sujet proposé
Write a letter to the editor of The Guardian to express your
indignation after reading the second article. (120 words)
a letter La forme que vous devez respecter.
the editor of The Guardian Le destinataire de la lettre.
express your indignation/the second article Le contenu de la
lettre.
(120 words) N’oubliez pas de compter les mots et d’indiquer
leur nombre en fin de travail.
2 Rassemblez vos idées
Utilisez le texte de départ…
■
…pour trouver du lexique
• les fabricants de cigarettes : tobacco giants.
• la publicité : to persuade someone (not) to – to sponsor – to make someone + adj. – to run an ad – to take up
smoking – to encourage the habit.
• ceux qui sont contre la publicité : an anti-smoking
campaign – to be taken off the air – the anti-smoking
lobby – a responsible advertiser – a worldwide ban on
tobacco advertising – to act in the public interest.
■
…pour illustrer les idées que vous devez développer
Justifiez la raison pour laquelle vous écrivez : parce que
vous avez vous-même vu une publicité, parce que vous
souhaitez expliquer la situation en France, qui est différente de celle de la Grande-Bretagne, parce que vous
souhaitez soutenir l’action envisagée par le gouvernement britannique : ban all tobacco advertising…
Mobilisez vos connaissances personnelles
■
Cherchez des idées supplémentaires dans la page de
lexique. REVISE YOUR VOCABULARY ➤ p. 100
Unit 5
■
Ad Breaks
■
Utilisez le premier article pour :
• évoquer les effets du tabac (the effects of smoking) ;
• mentionner d’autres circonstances où la publicité sur
le tabac est choquante (sporting events) ;
• proposer votre opinion sur la question : hard-hitting
advertisements, a total ban ou encore restricting the marketing of tobacco products to young people.
■ Exprimer une opinion personnelle avec fermeté : c’est
en général le cas lorsque l’on écrit au “Courrier des lecteurs” (Letters to the editor) d’un journal ou d’un magazine. TOOLS I & II
• Pensez à des adjectifs comme unbelievable, revolting,
unethical, etc.
• Conviction : It goes without saying that… – I am
convinced that… – Studies have shown that…
• Désapprobation : I am displeased/very upset with/
about… – I totally disapprove of… – This is utterly unacceptable.
3 Réfléchissez au plan et préparez-vous à rédiger.
■ Commencez
Utilisez la bonne formule de départ. STRATEGIES ➤ p. 169
■
Rédigez
• Prêtez attention à la présentation de la lettre.
STRATEGIES ➤ p. 170
• Vos paragraphes doivent développer chacun une idée,
afin que votre courrier soit clair et bien structuré.
• Pensez à utiliser votre travail de la partie A.
■
Terminez
• Pour conclure, vous pouvez réutiliser la tournure
idiomatique de l’article (a wolf in sheep’s clothing), ou
encore chercher parmi les proverbes que vous connaissez.
• Soignez la formule de fin. STRATEGIES ➤ p. 169
Now, your turn!
93
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2
Read
Strategies ➤ p. 166
John LANCHESTER
Born in Hamburg,
raised in the Far
East and educated
in Britain.
A football reporter,
an obituary writer,
a book editor and a
restaurant reviewer
before turning to
fiction.
M
5
1996: The Debt to Pleasure. His
first novel is a best-seller.
2000: Mr Phillips The witty story
of a 50-year-old accountant who
has just been laid off but is unable
to tell his family about it. He puts
on his business suit and spends the
day wandering around London.
2002: Fragrant Harbor
10
15
Work on Words
1. Find the English words for
(§1)
pharmacie – vitrine
d’un magasin – fiable –
rhume des foins –
médicament – énorme –
bouché – mucosités –
somnolence – affiche –
surveillant d’examen –
très drôle
20
25
2. Give equivalents
in English for
(l. 10 to the end)
covered with sand –
without children – next to –
very cold – go up suddenly –
ticket to go somewhere
and come back – pause/
time to relax – not
expensive
Decode the words
/trnsprənt/
/pəυstə/
/kplz/
/blənsz/
Culture tips
➤ p. 162
A-levels, the Daily Mail, the
Ryder Cup, the Ashes
(
94
r Phillips turns into Kestrel Lane opposite the chemist,
whose window displays are one of the most reliable1 indicators of the changing seasons. Today, it’s hay fever medicine, which
is advertised by a huge, transparent three-dimensional model of a
head with the nose and the sinuses2 blocked with red tubular fillings to indicate mucus. Bye bye hay fever, bye bye drowsiness,
says the poster. When Mr Phillips took his A-levels the invigilator
had been suffering from the worst case of hay fever he had ever
seen. They had all thought that was hilarious. [...]
Mr Phillips stops in front of the travel agent, two doors down.
There are posters in the window of happy people in places with
good weather. A woman of about twenty-five watches her husband batting3 a large beach ball into the air while two small
sandy children tug at4 his legs. In the middle distance of another
photograph, a man learns to windsurf. Child-free couples walk
on beaches in front of a cinema sunset. Standing and looking at
the pictures, Mr Phillips has a vision of himself beside a swimming pool somewhere hot. At his right side, a cold drink beaded
with sweat5 and icy to the touch. At his left, Karen the secretary,
face down, in a leopard print bikini […], her back also beaded
with sweat, shiny with suntan oil6, hot to the touch. On his
stomach7, which is flatter than in real life, Mr Phillips balances a
copy of the Daily Mail, where he is reading about Europe’s triumph over America in the Ryder Cup, or England over Australia
in the Ashes, or studying a business story about how some company in which he just happens to have bought lots of shares8 has
surged 1000 per cent upwards in a week […]. A list of prices for
flights hangs beside one for all-in9 holiday packages:
Malaga £179 for 2 weeks
Morocco £219 return
San Francisco £239 return
Costa Rica £299 return
Faro £85 return
New York £190
Alicante £84 return
Paris city break from £109
Atlanta £228 return
room £15 p.p.p.n.10
Ask us about Vietnam!
Everything seems implausibly cheap, given the distances
involved.
30
35
From Mr Phillips (2000) by John LANCHESTER ‫ﲵ‬
1. reliable /rlaəbl/
2. sinuses /sanəsz/
3. bat: frapper avec
(ou comme avec)
une batte
4. tug (at): tirer (sur),
s’accrocher (à)
5. beaded with sweat
/bidd wð swet/:
perlé de
condensation
6. suntan oil: huile
solaire
7. stomach /stmək/
8. shares /ʃeəz/:
actions
9. all-in: tout
compris
10. p.p.p.n.: per
person per night
■ Overall guidelines
“An ideal vision”, but no secretary!
People in the sun (1960), by Edward HOPPER
1. Read the text and say who the protagonist is and what
he is doing.
2. Where is he? Pick out all the elements in the text which
helped you decide.
■ Detailed guidelines
1. Reality
a. Read §1. What kind of shop is the man looking at?
Pick out three words to justify your answer.
b. What is he interested in?
c. ‘When Mr Phillips took his A-Levels…’ (ll. 7-9): what
tense is used here? What for?
d. Read Culture tips p. 162 and explain why the boys
had thought the situation was hilarious.
2. Dreams
a. Read the beginning of §2 down to ‘a cinema sunset’
(l. 16). Where is Mr Phillips now?
b. Read ll. 12-16. What does the poster show?
c. Does ‘a cinema sunset’ refer to reality? Justify with
examples in the § and words from the next sentence.
d. ‘Child-free couples’ (l. 15). What does this reveal
about Mr Phillips?
e. Who would his partner be? Where would the two of
them be?
f. Read Culture tips p. 162 and say what the references
to the Ryder Cup and the Ashes evoke.
g. ‘…he just happens to have bought lots of shares…’
(l. 26) What does Mr Phillips imagine about his
financial situation?
3. Back to reality
a. Look at the list of prices Mr Phillips is actually reading
in the shop window. Comment on the figures.
b. What does he mean by ‘implausibly cheap’ (l. 35)?
What judgement does he pass on the ad?
c. Now read the whole text again. What is the recurrent
verb form used? Why?
■ Build up
Strategies ➤ p. 163
your vocabulary
1. Match the following words with the adequate
symptoms.
1. the flu 2. pneumonia /njuməυnə/ 3. measles
4. backache /bkek/ 5. stomachache 6. chickenpox
a. aching muscles, headache, fever, cough, sneezing
b. a fever and small red spots on the face and body
c. a pain in the back
d. a pain in the stomach
e. a slight fever and a rash starting on the body
f. dry cough, high fever, chest pain, rapid breathing
2. Now match the names of the various aches and
illnesses with their French equivalents.
• a sore throat – feel dizzy – the flu – bronchitis
/brɒŋkats/ – a headache – a toothache – a sprained
ankle – swollen – have a temperature –
a cold – a broken wrist – cough /kɒf/ – measles
• la grippe – la rougeole – une angine – un rhume –
la bronchite – un mal de tête – un mal de dents –
une foulure de la cheville – enflé – avoir de la fièvre –
avoir des vertiges – une fracture du poignet – tousser
■ Discussion topics
1. Do you think advertisements are misleading?
2. Can ads bring beauty to our everyday lives?
Writing
A HAND AT WRITING ➤ p. 97
Imagine you were looking at the same travel agent’s
window. Where would you picture yourself, ideally?
(100 words)
Grammar in context
Unit 5
■
Ad Breaks
䊳 p. 96
000
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Grammar in context
Superlatif de supériorité
Observez et analysez
A. …one of the most reliable indicators of the changing seasons. (ll. 2-3)
B. …the worst case of hay fever he had ever seen… (ll. 8-9)
Dans l’exemple A, remplacez l’adjectif reliable (“fiable”)
d’abord par clear, ensuite par good, en faisant les changements nécessaires.
?
Quelles sont les catégories auxquelles ces trois adjectifs appartiennent en ce qui concerne la formation du
superlatif de supériorité ?
Si vous traduisez l’exemple B, quel sera l’équivalent français de ever ?
?
Pourrait-on ici, en anglais, utiliser never ? Pour quelle
raison ?
Dans l’exemple B, la proposition relative (that) he
had ever seen constitue le complément du superlatif.
Transformez l’exemple B en utilisant un complément
différent.
D’abord, utilisez … all the cases he had seen. (Attention :
il vous faut ajouter une préposition pour introduire le
complément.)
Ensuite, utilisez ... the whole country. (Attention au
choix de la préposition.)
Utilisez les éléments contenus dans A et B pour
caractériser la publicité la plus originale/stupide/mauvaise que vous ayez jamais vue : That's the… ad I…
Entraînez-vous !
1 Trouvez une suite à ces énoncés en formulant un superlatif de
supériorité.
a. Vietnam seems to be a popular destination. (Yes, … these days)
b. Is business class a cheap way to fly? (No, … expensive)
c. England had a good cricket team last season. (Well, in my opinion,
Australia…)
d. Buying shares can be risky, can’t it? (Yes indeed! It … form of
investment)
e. When does the chemist’s shop get crowded? (… just before
closing-time)
f. It’s an attractive shop window. (I’d say … in the street)
g. The island had lovely beaches. (In fact … you could ever wish for)
h. Was April a bad month of the year for people who suffer from hay
fever? (No, May…)
2 Traduisez les énoncés.
a. Ce vol est le moins cher dont j’ai jamais entendu parler.
b. C’est le plus beau coucher de soleil que j’aie jamais vu.
c. Elle portait le bikini le plus sexy que j’aie jamais vu.
d. Le windsurf est le sport nautique le plus fatigant que j’aie jamais
pratiqué.
e. Quelle est la boisson la plus rafraîchissante et la moins chère que
vous pouvez nous servir ?
f. Il souffre d’un des pires maux de tête qu’il ait eus depuis
longtemps.
g. Votre pharmacien vous donnera les meilleurs conseils sur la façon
de prendre ce médicament.
h. Ils cherchaient le circuit le moins cher que l’agence de voyage
pouvait leur proposer.
i. Les publicités les plus hilarantes ne sont pas toujours les plus
efficaces.
Précis grammatical ➤ 57
(
96
EXTRA!
..., her back also beaded with sweat,... (ll. 20-21)
Traduisez cet exemple. Quelle est la différence principale entre l’anglais et le français ? En anglais, on
emploie un déterminant possessif pour désigner les
parties du corps. Cependant, cet emploi n’est obligatoire que si le “possesseur” a été clairement désigné.
Quels exemples du texte le montrent ?
Précis grammatical ➤ 65 C
just for fun!
A Handat
Writing…
Strategies ➤ p. 163, 171
a description
A. Enrichir vos phrases
I can picture myself on an island, eating fruit and sipping a drink ★.
1. Ajoutez trois adjectifs aux endroits adéquats : ‘desert’, ‘delicious’, ‘icy’ et faites les modifications éventuelles pour
les déterminants.
2. Ajoutez before suivi d’une proposition à l’endroit de ★ pour indiquer que vous ferez ensuite une sieste.
B. Améliorer votre expression écrite
1 Analysez le sujet proposé
Imagine you were looking at the same travel agent’s window.
Where would you picture yourself, ideally? (100 words)
you La personne concernée.
Imagine Il s’agit d’un sujet d’imagination.
Where would you picture yourself, ideally? Lieu et situation
qui correspondent à votre idéal. Vous devez décrire une scène :
essayez le cas échéant d’utiliser le même style que dans le passage.
(100 words) N’oubliez pas de compter les mots et d’indiquer
leur nombre en fin de travail.
2 Rassemblez vos idées
Utilisez le texte de départ…
■
… pour trouver du lexique
happy people – places with good weather – a swimmingpool – somewhere hot – suntan oil
■
… pour illustrer les idées que vous devez développer
• activités : batting – beach ball – windsurf – walk on
beaches
• aisance financière : bought lots of shares – a list of
prices for flights…
• le succès : triumph over
Mobilisez vos connaissances personnelles
■
La page de lexique peut vous donner des idées supplémentaires. REVISE YOUR VOCABULARY ➤ p. 100
■
Pensez à des lieux qui vous semblent idylliques et
dressez des listes de mots autour de ces lieux :
• une île : exotic – tropical – palm trees – luxuriant
■ Imaginez une ou des situations :
• travail : I am my own boss – all my clients are satisfied –
no one ever complains – nobody is ever laid off.
• loisirs : I can do all the sports I fancy – I can afford
everything I want.
■ Expression de l’hypothèse si vous décidez de ne pas
imiter le style du texte :
• coupure/décrochage avec la réalité avec le prétérit
hypothétique PRÉCIS GRAMMATICAL ➤ 8B
Imagine I were on a tropical island.
• would + BV : I would be with true friends relaxing,
listening to Hawaiian music… I would simply relax and
enjoy…
3 Réfléchissez au plan et préparez-vous à rédiger
■ Avant
Avant de rédiger, notez au brouillon quelques éléments
de la scène que vous imaginez. Ensuite, décrivez-la :
bruits, couleurs, personnages, lieu, époque, etc.
■
Pendant
Choisissez un style :
• vous pouvez garder celui du texte : Mr Phillips décrit
une situation idéale, quasiment sans ajouter aucun
commentaire, au présent.
• vous pouvez opter pour un autre style avec des superlatifs et des adverbes de renforcement :
listening to the most delightful music, looking at utterly
amazing/breath-taking sceneries – an ideal setting – the
most perfect place to be in…
■ Après
Relisez-vous ; vérifiez la concordance des temps, le
nombre de mots, la variété des adjectifs. Éliminez toutes
les répétitions.
plants – heat – sandy beaches – sailing – oasis
• une ville qui vous a toujours fait rêver : superb skyscrapers – overlooking the ocean – chauffeured limousines
Unit 5
■
Ad Breaks
Now, your turn!
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Pub Corner
‫ﲵ‬
Sounds and rhythm
The various forms of some
and that
■ How it works
Like many other grammatical words (see p. 118)
some and that have two forms: a full (or strong)
form and a reduced (or weak) form.
Some and that may have different functions and
meanings, and their spoken forms vary
accordingly.
1. Some
a. Used as an article
Some is pronounced /səm/ (reduced form)
whenever it is used as an article.
Listen:
Would you like some /səm/ tea?
b. In all other cases
Some is pronounced /sm/ (full form) in all other
cases.
Listen:
Some /sm/ American ads are funny.
That was some /sm/ ten years ago.
Could I have some /sm/?
I want something /smθŋ/.
2. That
a. Demonstrative (determiner or pronoun)
When it is a demonstrative determiner
or pronoun, that is always pronounced /ðt/
(full form).
Listen:
What’s that /ðt/ noise?
He told me that /ðt/ yesterday.
b. Conjunction or relative pronoun
When it is a conjunction or a relative pronoun,
that is pronounced /ðət/ (reduced form).
Listen:
He told me that /ðət/ the new commercial was
stupid.
It was the only ad that /ðət/ was clever.
■ Now, your turn!
Do ads bother you?
■ Think ahead!
Pick out the words about advertising.
1
Have you seen the last Nike commercial?
Wow! Awesome! I just love it!
2
Those ads you see everywhere on those
huge billboards are a real form of pollution.
3
Our society is ruled by money and trade,
so, advertising is just part of the system.
4
I think that sometimes ads are real
works of art, especially the ones for perfumes.
5
When you buy a magazine, you have to
turn ten pages before finding a real article!
I can’t stand it! Who wants to read a catalogue?
6
Ads pay for magazines. If there were no
ads in your magazine, it would be ten times
more expensive!
7
Those pop-ups on my computer screen
drive me crazy!
Listen to the recording and practise.
8
Précis phonologique ➤ p. 172
Précis grammatical ➤ p. 38, 39, 47
(
98
I don’t feel concerned by advertising.
Most ads target people that are totally different
from me!
‫ﲵ‬
Overall comprehension
1. Number of characters
2. Place
Strategies ➤ p. 163
your vocabulary
‘Better’ and ‘worse’
3. Topic
‫ﲵ‬
■ Build up
Detailed comprehension
1. Listen to Part 1.
a. Benjamin’s job
b. What is Benjamin used to working with?
☞ stock market
c. What is Freddy complaining about?
d. Give two examples of these nuisances.
2. Listen to Part 2.
a. What makes people more vulnerable?
☞ broadband
b. Advantages of the service
☞ download
c. What does Freddy hate?
d. Benjamin’s opinion
3. Listen to Part 3.
‘It’s getting worse than the telly.’
‘Better’ and ‘worse’ have other meanings beyond
that of comparatives of ‘good’ and ‘bad’.
a. Match the following phrases with their meaning.
1. have seen better days
2. the better part of a year
3. be better off
4. think better of
be richer – have been more successful – reconsider –
a large part of
b. Translate the sentences integrating one of the
following phrases
might do worse than – for the worse – make
things/matters worse
1. Surfer sur Internet n’est pas ce que vous
pourriez faire de pire.
2. As-tu remarqué que les publicités ont changé,
mais pas en bien ?
3. La connexion était mauvaise, et pour ne rien
arranger, il y avait sans arrêt des publicités qui
apparaissaient sur l’écran.
a. Is Benjamin bothered?
b. Which ads does Benjamin object to, and why?
☞ put up with
c. Does Freddy agree with him?
d. Benjamin’s final opinion
■ Discussion topics
1. Would you say advertisements invade our private lives?
2. Do you think there are some subjects that should not
be advertised? Give examples.
3. The title of the recording is ‘All that glitters is not
gold.’ Do you agree? Explain your point of view.
Unit 5
■
Ad Breaks
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