Transition ´ecologique de l’´economie et monnaies locales.
Une proposition `a partir du cadre propos´e par M.
Aglietta
J´erˆome Blanc
To cite this version:
J´erˆome Blanc. Transition ´ecologique de l’´economie et monnaies locales. Une proposition `a
partir du cadre propos´e par M. Aglietta. Contribution annex´ee au rapport MAGNEN Jean-
Philippe et FOUREL Christophe, D’autres monnaies pour.. 2015. <halshs-01148132>
HAL Id: halshs-01148132
https://halshs.archives-ouvertes.fr/halshs-01148132
Submitted on 4 May 2015
HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access
archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci-
entific research documents, whether they are pub-
lished or not. The documents may come from
teaching and research institutions in France or
abroad, or from public or private research centers.
L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est
destin´ee au d´epˆot et `a la diffusion de documents
scientifiques de niveau recherche, publi´es ou non,
´emanant des ´etablissements d’enseignement et de
recherche fran¸cais ou ´etrangers, des laboratoires
publics ou priv´es.
!"#$%&'&($)*+(,(-&./0)10),2*+($(3&0)0')3($$#&0%),(+#,0%4))
5$0)6"(6(%&'&($)7)6#"'&")1/)+#1"0)6"(6(%*)6#")84)9-,&0''#))
!"#$%&'()*+,'-.+/0&#1/2"'34%/5#&'367+'8'9'.:;'<#/*+=)&>'?'@@'A",&%B#&'8C@D'
E7+2#/B42/7+' *++&F"&' *4' #*GG7#2' :HIJKJ'!&*+LMN/)/GG&' &2' OP.;K3'EN#/127GN&Q'
D’autres)monnaies)pour)une)nouvelle)prospérité'R;*GG7#2SQ'M*#/1Q':/+/125#&'A4')7=&%&+2Q'
A&')T"=*)/2"'A&1'2&##/27/#&1'&2'A&')*'#4#*)/2"'&2'U&,#"2*#/*2'ATK2*2',N*#="'A4',7%%&#,&Q'A&'
)T*#2/1*+*2Q'A&')*',7+17%%*2/7+'&2'A&')T",7+7%/&'17,/*)&'&2'17)/A*/#&Q'8C@VQ'WXQ'@YCQ'DX'GZ'
[,/Q'\&4F/5%&'G*#2/&Q'GGZ'@X]L@YCZ''
'
'
:*%/3*)
E&'2&F2&'0/1&'^'A/1,42&#')*'G#7G71/2/7+'A&':/,N&)'H=)/&22*'A&'_/F*2/7+'AT4+&'0*)&4#'
17,/*)&'*4',*#B7+&'"0/2"'-`UE>'&2'^'G#7G71&#'4+&',7++&F/7+'A&',&'G#/+,/G&'^'4+'A/1G71/2/_'
A&' %7++*/&' )7,*)&' /+2"=#*+2' )*' G711/B/)/2"' A&' _/+*+,&%&+2' A&1' /+0&12/11&%&+21'
",7)7=/a4&1Z''
3*' G#7G71/2/7+' A&' :/,N&)' H=)/&22*' &12' A74B)&'b' &))&' ,7+,&#+&' AT4+&' G*#2' 4+'
A/1G71/2/_' A&' _/F*2/7+' AT4+&' 0*)&4#' 17,/*)&' *4' ,*#B7+&' "0/2"' &+' 04&' A&' 12/%4)&#' )&1'
/+0&12/11&%&+21'B*1L,*#B7+&Q'&2'AT*42#&'G*#2')*'G#7%72/7+'AT4+&'",7+7%/&',/#,4)*/#&'G*#'
)&1' %7++*/&1' )7,*)&1Z' !&' ,7%%&+,&' G*#' ,7%%&+2&#' )&1' A&4F' G#7G71/2/7+1' -@>' G4/1' c&'
G#7G71&' 4+' G#7)7+=&%&+2' *_/+' AT/+2"=#&#' _/+*+,&%&+2' &2' /+0&12/11&%&+2' A*+1' )&1'
16125%&1' A&' %7++*/&1' )7,*)&1' *_/+' a4T&))&1' ,7+2#/B4&+2' ^' )*' 2#*+1/2/7+' ",7)7=/a4&' A&1'
2&##/27/#&1'-8>Z'
\*+1',&'2#7/1/5%&' 2&%G1Q')*'G#7G71/2/7+'a4/'&12'_*/2&' G7#2&'14#'4+&' 7#=*+/1*2/7+'
%7+"2*/#&' A",&+2#*)/1"&' &2' 2&##/27#/*)/1"&' *G2&' ^' 1742&+/#' )*' 2#*+1/2/7+' ",7)7=/a4&' A&'
)T",7+7%/&'&2' A*+1'4+' #*GG7#2'A&' 14B1/A/*#/2"'*0&,' )T7#=*+/1*2/7+'%7+"2*/#&' ^')T",N&))&'
+*2/7+*)&Z'K))&' &12' G#"1&+2"&' 1&)7+' 2#7/1' "2*G&1' 74' "2*=&1' 14,,&11/_1Q' ,N*a4&' "2*=&'
14GG71*+2'a4&')&'G#","A&+2'*'"2"',7+12#4/2Z'Le#premier#étage#A&')*'G#7G71/2/7+',7+1/12&'
^'#&+_7#,&#')T&F/12*+2'A&1'%7++*/&1')7,*)&1'G74#')4/'/+2"=#&#')&'G#/+,/G&'A4'_/+*+,&%&+2'
A&' )T/+0&12/11&%&+2'd' /)' +&' +",&11/2&' G*1' A&1' G7)/2/a4&1' G4B)/a4&1' A&' 2#*+1/2/7+' %*/1'
14GG71&' +"*+%7/+1' 4+&' /%G)/,*2/7+' A&1' ,7))&,2/0/2"1Z' Le# second# étage# /+2#7A4/2' )&1'
G7)/2/a4&1'G4B)/a4&1'A&'2#*+1/2/7+Q'a4/'G*11&+2'*)7#1'G*#')*',7+0&#1/7+'A&'_7+A1'G4B)/,1'
-_74#+/1'G*#')&1',7))&,2/0/2"1')7,*)&1'&2'2&##/27#/*)&1',7+,&#+"&1'&2'G*#')TK2*2>'^'A&1'O7+A1'
AT/+0&12/11&%&+2' 2&##/27#/*4F' G74#' )*' 2#*+1/2/7+' ",7)7=/a4&Q' O[<<K>' &+' %7++*/&' )7,*)&'
1741' _7#%&' A&' 14B0&+2/7+1' 74' A&' ,7%G)"%&+21' A&' ,#"A/21' ^' 2*4F' e"#7' G74#'
/+0&12/11&%&+2'",7)7=/a4&Q'G74#')&1'&+2#&G#/1&1'&2')&1'%"+*=&1Z'Le# troisième# étage# A&'
)*'G#7G71/2/7+'/+25=#&')T&F/12&+,&'AT4+'G)*+'&4#7G"&+'74'/+2&#+*2/7+*)'0/1*+2'^'0*)7#/1&#'
)&',*#B7+&'"0/2"Q'2&)'a4&')*'G#7G71/2/7+'H=)/&22*'A&'`UE'-0*)&4#'17,/*)&'A4',*#B7+&'"0/2">Z'
[)'1T*=/2'A&',7++&,2&#')&1'_7+A1'AT/+0&12/11&%&+2'2&##/27#/*4F'-O[<<K>'*4F'_/+*+,&%&+21'
,*#B7+&1' A"0&)7GG"1' A*+1' )&' ,*A#&' A&' 2&)1' G)*+1' ,*#B7+&Z' [)' 1T*=/2' A7+,' A&' ,7+0&#2/#' ^'
)T",N&))&'A&1'2&##/27/#&1'G&#2/+&+21'-G*#'&F&%G)&Q')*'#"=/7+>'4+&'G*#2/&')&1'_7+A1'A"=*="1'
G74#' )&1' /+0&12/11&%&+21' B*1L,*#B7+&Q' &2' A&' )&1' ,7+0&#2/#' &+' %7++*/&1' )7,*)&1' *_/+'
AT*07/#'4+&'*,2/7+'*GG#7G#/"&'^',&22&'",N&))&Z''
'
'
'
8'
')
'
f'
!"#$%&'&($)*+(,(-&./0)10),2*+($(3&0)0')3($$#&0%),(+#,0%4))
5$0)6"(6(%&'&($)7)6#"'&")1/)+#1"0)6"(6(%*)6#")84)9-,&0''#))
!"#$%&'()*+,'-.+/0&#1/2"'34%/5#&'367+'8'9'.:;'<#/*+=)&>'?'@@'A",&%B#&'8C@D'
'
'
E&'2&F2&'0/1&'^'A/1,42&#')*'G#7G71/2/7+'A&':/,N&)'H=)/&22*'A&'_/F*2/7+'AT4+&'0*)&4#'
17,/*)&'*4',*#B7+&'"0/2"'-`UE>'&2'^'G#7G71&#'4+&',7++&F/7+'A&',&'G#/+,/G&'^'4+'A/1G71/2/_'
A&' %7++*/&' )7,*)&' /+2"=#*+2' )*' G711/B/)/2"' A&' _/+*+,&%&+2' A&1' /+0&12/11&%&+21'
",7)7=/a4&1Z''
3*' G#7G71/2/7+' A&' :/,N&)' H=)/&22*' &12' A74B)&'b' &))&' ,7+,&#+&' AT4+&' G*#2' 4+'
A/1G71/2/_' A&' _/F*2/7+' AT4+&' 0*)&4#' 17,/*)&' *4' ,*#B7+&' "0/2"' &+' 04&' A&' 12/%4)&#' )&1'
/+0&12/11&%&+21'B*1L,*#B7+&Q'&2'AT*42#&'G*#2')*'G#7%72/7+'AT4+&'",7+7%/&',/#,4)*/#&'G*#'
)&1' %7++*/&1' )7,*)&1Z' !&' ,7%%&+,&' G*#' ,7%%&+2&#' ,&1' A&4F' G#7G71/2/7+1' -@>' G4/1' c&'
G#7G71&' 4+' G#7)7+=&%&+2' *_/+' AT/+2"=#&#' _/+*+,&%&+2' &2' /+0&12/11&%&+2' A*+1' )&1'
16125%&1' A&' %7++*/&1' )7,*)&1' *_/+' a4T&))&1' ,7+2#/B4&+2'^' )*' 2#*+1/2/7+' ",7)7=/a4&' A&1'
2&##/27/#&1'-8>Z''
;4)<#)6"(6(%&'&($)12/$0)=#,0/")%(+&#,0)1/)+#">($0)*=&'*)6#")84)9-,&0''#)?)/$0)
6(,&'&./0)+,&3#'&./0)1#$%),0)6#"#1&-30)10)@#$+A$)0')%#)+($$0B&($)&$#+C0=*0)
#/B)3($$#&0%),(+#,0%)
1.1.#Quelques#commentaires#sur#le#dispositif#proposé#
3*'G#7G71/2/7+'G*#':Z'H=)/&22*'AT4+'A/1G71/2/_'A&'0*)&4#'17,/*)&'A4',*#B7+&'"0/2"Q'
a4/' *' "2"' A"c^' G#"1&+2"&' &2' A/1,42"&' */))&4#1@Q' &12' G4/11*+2&' &2' 1"A4/1*+2&' A*+1' 1*'
,7+12#4,2/7+' &2' A*+1' )&' 1&+1' A7++"' ^' ,&22&' 0*)&4#' 17,/*)&Z' K))&' )*/11&' ,&G&+A*+2' A*+1'
)T7%B#&'a4&)a4&1'a4&12/7+1',&+2#*)&1Z''
KFG)/,/27+1' AT*B7#A' ,&22&' G#7G71/2/7+'b' /)' +&' 1T*=/2' G*1' A&' _/F&#' 4+' g'G#/F'h' *4'
,*#B7+&'%*/1'4+&'g'0*)&4#'17,/*)&'h'*4',*#B7+&'"0/2"'-74Q'G)41')*#=&%&+2Q'*4F'"%/11/7+1'
A&'=*e'^'&__&2'A&'1&##&'"0/2"1>'a4&')&1'G7#2&4#1'A&'G#7c&21'AT/+0&12/11&%&+2'/+25=#&#*/&+2'
A*+1' )&4#1' ,*),4)1' &2' a4/' 12/%4)&#*/2Q' A&' )*' 17#2&Q' )&1' /+0&12/11&%&+21' G&#%&22*+2' 4+&'
#"A4,2/7+'A&1'"%/11/7+1'A&'IKU'&+')&1'#&+A*+2'G)41'#&+2*B)&1Z''
3*' A/__"#&+,&' &+2#&' g'G#/F'h' &2' g'0*)&4#' 17,/*)&'h' &12'2#51'/%G7#2*+2&Z'.+' G#/FQ' &+'
&__&2Q'14GG71&'4+&'G#7,"A4#&'%*#,N*+A&'G*#')*a4&))&')T"=*)/1*2/7+'A&1'a4*+2/2"1'7__&#2&1'
&2'A&%*+A"&1'A"2&#%/+&+2')&'G#/FZ'3&'G#/F'&12'A7+,'AT&%B)"&'G*#'G#/+,/G&'_)4,24*+2'&2'&+'
*GG*#&+,&'+7+'G7)/2/a4&Z'K+'*GG*#&+,&'1&4)&%&+2Q',7%%&')&'%7+2#&+2')&1'%*#,N"1'A/21'
A&' A#7/21' ^' G7))4&#Q' A*+1' )&1a4&)1' )&' G7)/2/a4&' 1&' )7=&' &+' *%7+2'A4' %*#,N"' b' A*+1'
)T/+="+/&#/&' A4' %*#,N"' &2' A*+1' )&1' %7A*)/2"1' A&' A/12#/B42/7+' A&1' a472*1' A*+1' )*' GN*1&'
/+/2/*)&' A4' %*#,N"' -a4/' #&i7/2' ,7%B/&+' A&' A#7/21' &2' ^' a4&)' ,7j2>Z' H4' ,7+2#*/#&' A4' G#/FQ'
)T/A"&' A&' g'0*)&4#' 17,/*)&'h' A"0&)7GG"&' G*#' :Z' H=)/&22*' #&+07/&' ,&#2&1' ^' 4+&'
%7+"2*#/1*2/7+' -,7%%&' A*+1' )&' ,*1' AT4+' G#/F' A4' ,*#B7+&>' %*/1' G*1' AT4+&'
%*#,N*+A/1*2/7+' -,7+2#*/#&%&+2' *4' ,*1' A4' G#/F' A4' ,*#B7+&>Z' 3&' %",*+/1%&' A&' `UE'
G#7G71"' +T&12' A7+,' G*1' 4+&' G#7G71/2/7+' A&' %*#,N*+A/1*2/7+' %*/1' 1/%G)&%&+2' A&'
''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''
@'`7/#'+72*%%&+2' )&1',7%%&+2*/#&1'A&'k7c2&l'm*)/+7n1l/Q' g'g'oH,2/_',*#B7+&TQ' 74' )T"2*)7+L0&#2' A&':/,N&)'
H=)/&22*'hQ'W'+70&%B#&'8C@fZ''
R'N22Gb99*)2&#+*2/0&1L&,7+7%/a4&1Z_#9B)7=19l*)/+7n1l/98C@f9@@9CW9pE8pH(L*,2/_L,*#B7+&LpE8p((L
74L)pK8pYCp]]&2*)7+L0&#2LA&L%/,N&)L*=)/&22*9'SQ',7+14)2"')&'b''f@'7,27B#&'8C@DZ''
'
D'
%7+"2*#/1*2/7+Q' A&' 17#2&' a4&' )&1' *=&+21' ",7+7%/a4&1' G4/11&+2' /+2"=#&#' ,&22&' 0*)&4#'
17,/*)&' A*+1' )&4#1' ,*),4)1' AT/+0&12/11&%&+2Q' A&' ,7j21' &2' A&' #&+2*B/)/2"Z' [)' 1T*=/2' A7+,' A&'
G&#%&22#&' *4F' *=&+21' ",7+7%/a4&1' AT/+2&#+*)/1&#' )&1' &F2&#+*)/2"1' ,)/%*2/a4&1Z' :*/1' 1/'
&))&'+T&12'G*1'%*#,N*+A&Q')*'g'0*)&4#'17,/*)&'h'A7/2'q2#&'_/F"&'G*#'4+&'/+12*+,&'G7)/2/a4&Z'
U&)7+' )*' G#7G71/2/7+' A&' :Z' H=)/&22*Q' /)' 1T*=/2' A&' _/F&#' ,&22&' 0*)&4#' G*#' +"=7,/*2/7+'
/+2&#+*2/7+*)&Q' %*/1' ^' 4+&' ",N&))&' a4/' G&42' +&' G*1' q2#&' %7+A/*)&Z' 3*' `UE' A&0#*/2' q2#&'
_/F"&'2742'&+'"2*+2'#"0/1*B)&'-&2'#"0/1"&Q'^')*'N*411&>'G*#'G*)/&#1'A&',/+a'*+1Q'A&'17#2&'a4&'
,&22&'#"=4)*#/2"'17/2')&'17,)&'AT*+2/,/G*2/7+1',7##&,2&1'A&')*'G*#2'A&1'/+0&12/11&4#1'b',&22&'
1/%G)&'#5=)&'&12'4+&'+",&11/2"'1/')T7+'0&42'a4&')&1'/+0&12/11&4#1'/+25=#&+2'A4#*B)&%&+2'&2'
1*+1',#*/+2&1'AT*)"*1'#"=)&%&+2*/#&1')&1',7+2#*/+2&1'A&'0*)7#/1*2/7+'A4',*#B7+&'"0/2"Z''
E&22&'`UE'&12'G#"1&+2"&',7%%&'4+&'"2*G&'/+2&#%"A/*/#&'*0*+2')*'%/1&'&+'r40#&'
AT4+&'2*F&',*#B7+&Q'G74#')T/+12*+2'/+2#740*B)&Z'M74#2*+2Q'AT4+' G7/+2'A&'04&')7=/a4&'&))&'
&+' &12' )T/+0&#1&'b' *)7#1' a4T4+&' 2*F&' ,*#B7+&' A7/2' 1*+,2/7++&#' )T"%/11/7+' A&' IKUQ' )*' `UE'
G#"1&+2"&' #",7%G&+1&' )*' #"A4,2/7+' A&1' IKUZ' H' ,&' 2/2#&Q' &))&' G*#*s2' A*0*+2*=&'
,7%G)"%&+2*/#&'AT4+&'2*F&',*#B7+&'a4T4+'1/%G)&'14B12/242'G#70/17/#&'&2'G*#'A"_*42Z'K))&'
G&42'2742'^'_*/2',7+12/24&#')&'0&,2&4#Q',7%G)"%&+2*/#&'AT4+&'2*F&Q'AT4+'#&+0&#1&%&+2'A&1'
_)4F'A&'2*F*2/7+'&2'A&'14B0&+2/7+'A&G4/1'A&1'*,2/0/2"1'_7#2&%&+2'"%&22#/,&1'A&'IKU'0&#1'
A&1'*,2/0/2"1'a4/'&+'"%&22&+2'G&4Z''
E&22&' ,7%G)"%&+2*#/2"' ,7+A4/2' ^' /+2&##7=&#' )&' G#7_/)' AT"07)42/7+' N*411/&#' G*#'
G*)/&#1'A&'V'*+1'G#7G71"'G*#':Z'H=)/&22*'b'1/')*'`UE'A7/2'q2#&'#"N*411"&'2741')&1',/+a'*+1'
G74#'G#7=#&11/0&%&+2'_7#,&#')&1'/+0&12/11&4#1'^'/+2"=#&#'4+&',7+2#*/+2&'A&'G)41'&+'G)41'
_7#2&'A*+1')&4#1',*),4)1Q'+T6'*L2L/)'G*1'*4'A"B42')&'#/1a4&'AT4+&'/++7,4/2"'A4'%",*+/1%&'t'
J&'A&0#*/2L7+'G*1'*4',7+2#*/#&'A"%*##&#'*0&,'4+&'`UE'")&0"&'G74#'1/=+/_/&#')T/%G7#2*+,&'
A&1',N*+=&%&+21'^'#"*)/1&#'&+'04&'A4'%*/+2/&+'A&')*'N*411&'A&')*'2&%G"#*24#&'%76&++&'
A4'=)7B&'^'4+'+/0&*4'g'#*/17++*B)&'h't''
3T&+1&%B)&' #&+07/&' *4' G#7B)5%&' G7)/2/a4&' G#&%/&#' A4' ,N7/F' A&1' 0*)&4#1' &2' A&1'
+/0&*4F' A&' 2*F*2/7+' ?' +7+' G*1' 1&4)&%&+2' 17+' "0*)4*2/7+' G*#' A&1' &FG&#21' -274c74#1'
141,&G2/B)&1' A&' ,7+2#70&#1&1Q' &+' G*#2/,4)/&#' 1/' ,&#2*/+1' &FG&#21' 17+2' _/+*+,"1' G*#' )&1'
/+A412#/&1' _7#2&%&+2' "%&22#/,&1' A&' IKU>' %*/1' *411/' A*+1' )*' 1GN5#&' A&' )*' A",/1/7+'
G7)/2/a4&Z'H',&'2/2#&Q'/)'+T&12'G*1',&#2*/+'a4&')*'`UE'17/2'G)41'_*,/)&%&+2'G#*2/,*B)&'a4T4+&'
2*F&' ,*#B7+&' ?' N7#%/1' )&' G7/+2' /%G7#2*+2' a4T&))&' +&' 14GG71&' G*1' 4+' B74)&0&#1&%&+2'
G#7=#&11/_'A4'16125%&'_/1,*)Q',7+2#*/#&%&+2'^')*'2*F&',*#B7+&'&+'2*+2'a4T742/)'A&12/+"'^'
q2#&'="+"#*)/1"'1/')T7+'0&42'a4&')T&+1&%B)&'A&1'*,2/0/2"1'",7+7%/a4&1'/+25=#&')*'a4&12/7+'
A&1' IKUZ' U/' )T7+' %&2' A&' ,$2"' ,&2' *0*+2*=&' /+A"+/*B)&' A&' )*' `UEQ' #&12&' )&' G#7B)5%&' A&'
)T*,,7#A' G7)/2/a4&' *)7#1' %q%&' a4&Q' %q%&' &+' K4#7G&Q' )&1' =740&#+&%&+21' 17+2'
=)7B*)&%&+2'#"2/,&+21'^'G#&+A#&'A&1'&+=*=&%&+21',7+2#*/=+*+21Z'H42#&%&+2'A/2Q'4+&'`UE'
^'+/0&*4'_*/B)&'&12'G)41'G7)/2/a4&%&+2'*,,&G2*B)&'a4T4+&'`UE'^'+/0&*4'")&0"'?'%*/1'*)7#1Q'
7u' &12' )T*0*+2*=&' G*#' #*GG7#2' ^' 4+&' 2*F&' ,*#B7+&'t' K+_/+Q' )*' G#7G71/2/7+' A&' :Z' H=)/&22*'
G#"07/2' )T"2*B)/11&%&+2' AT4+&' 2*F&' ^' )T&+2#"&' A&1' B/&+1' *_/+' AT"0/2&#' A&' G"+*)/1&#' )&1'
/+0&12/11&%&+21'A*+1')&1'G*61'174%/1'^')*'`UEZ'E&'G7/+2'&12'&+'&__&2',#4,/*)'&2',T&12'4+&'
*42#&' A/__/,4)2"' G7)/2/a4&' ^' #"=)&#' ?' +72*%%&+2' *4' 04' A&1' #5=)&1' A&' )TP:EQ' &2' A*+1' 4+'
4+/0&#1' 7u' )&1' )/2/=&1' &+2#&' _/#%&1' &2' K2*21' 1T7#/&+2&+2' A&' G)41' &+' G)41' 0&#1' )*'
,7+A*%+*2/7+'A&1'K2*21'-,_')&'G#7c&2'*,24&)'AT*,,7#A'A&')/B#&'",N*+=&'2#*+1*2)*+2/a4&>Z''
3*'#"17)42/7+'A&1'a4&12/7+1'#&)*2/0&1'*4F'&F2&#+*)/2"1'#&+07/&'="+"#*)&%&+2'^')*'
A4*)/2"'M/=749E7*1&'74'2*F*2/7+9%*#,N"'A&'A#7/21Z'\*+1')*'G#7G71/2/7+'G/=740/&++&Q')&1'
*=&+21' ,7+,&#+"1' ,7++*/11&+2' )&' 14#,7j2' -)*' 2*F&' "2*+2' _/F">' %*/1' )&1' a4*+2/2"1' A&'
G7))4*+21'"%/1'17+2'/+,7++4&1'd'A*+1')*'G#7G71/2/7+',7*1/&++&Q')&1'*=&+21',7+,&#+"1'+&'
,7++*/11&+2')&',7j2'A&')&4#1'"%/11/7+1'a4T*G#51'*,N*2'74'0&+2&'A&1'A#7/21'14#'4+'%*#,N"'
1 / 14 100%