6. DE LA TAILLE A.: Principes et méthodes de détection des cellules
épithéliales circulantes dans le cancer de la prostate. Mémoire de
DEA, Université René Descaartes, Paris V, 1995.
7. DE VRIES G., OLSSON C.A., RAFFO A., et al.: The molecular sta-
ging of prostate cancer using an RT-PCR assay: a study of 100 radi-
cal prostatectomy patients. J. Urol., 1995, 153, 294A.
8. ESCHWEGE P., DUMAS F., BLANCHET P., et al.: Recherche de
cellules prostatiques circulantes par RT-PCR PSM avant, pendant et
après prostatectomie radicale. Prog. Urol., 1996, 6, lA.
9. FIDLER l.J., HART l.R.: Biologic diversity in metastatic neoplasmes:
origins and implications. Sciences, 1982, 217, 998-1001.
10. GHOSSEIN R.A., SCHER H.l., GERALD W.L. et al.: Detection of
circulating cells in patients with localized and metastatic prostatic
carcinoma: clinical implications. J. Clin. Oncol., 1995, 13, 1195-
1200.
11. ISRAELI R.S., POWELL T., FAIR W.R., HESTON W. D . W. :
Molecular cloning of a complementary DNA encoding prostate spe-
cific membrane antigen. Cancer Res., 1993, 53, 227-230.
12. ISRAELI R.S., SU L., FAIR W., et al.: PCR based of occult circula-
ting prostatic tumors cells - an analysis of 170 patients samples.
AUA Las Vegas, 1995, 602.
13. JAAKOLA S.. VORNANEN T., LEINONEN J., RANNIKKO S.,
STENMAN U.H.: Detection of prostatic cells in peripherical blook:
correlation with serum concentration of prostate specific antigen.
Clin. Chem., 1995, 41, 182- 186.
14. KATZ A.E., OLSSON C.A., RAFFO A.J., et al.: Molecular staging
of prostate cancer with use of an enhanced reverse transcriptase-PCR
assay. Urology, 1994, 43, 765-775.
15. LANSON M., HAILLOT O., BARAT D., GOTTA SERY F., LAN-
SON Y.: La détection du PSMA dans les cellules circulantes n'est pas
un facteur pronostique du cancer prostatique. Prog. Urol., 1996, 6, 2A.
16. MONNE M., CROCE C.M., YU H., DIAMANDIS E.P.: Molecular
characterization of prostate specific antigen mRNA expressed in
breast tumors. Cancer Res., 1994, 54, 6344-6347.
17. MORENO J.G., CROCE C.M., FISHER R., et al.: Detection of
hematogenous micrometastasis in patients with prostate cancer.
Cancer Res., 1992, 53, 6110-6112.
18. MULLIS K.B., FALOONA F.: Specific synthesis of DNA in vitro via
polymerase catalysed chain reaction. Method. Enzymol.,1987,155,
335-350.
19. RAVERY V., DE CREMOUX P., PODGORNIAK M.P., et al.:
Détection de celllules prostatiques circulantes par RT-PCR au cours
du cancer prostatique cliniquement localisé. Prog. Urol., 1996, 6, lA.
20. SAIKI R.H., GELFAND D.H., STOFFEL S., HIGUCHI R., HORN
G.T.: Primer directed enzymatic amplification of DNA with a ther-
mostable DNA polymerase. Sciences, 1988, 239, 487-491.
21. SEIDEN M.V., KANTOFF P.W., KRISTHIVAS K., et al.: Detection
of circulating tumor cells in men with localized prostate cancer. J.
Clin. Oncol., 1994, 12, 2634-2639.
22. SOKOLOFF M., TSO O.L., KABOO R., FRANKLUR J., et al.:
Supersensitive and quantitative PCR: an innovative technique for
staging and monitoring prostate cancer. J. Urol., 1995, 153, 262A.
23. WOOD D.P. Jr.: The molecular staging of prostate cancer. Sem.
Urol., 1995, 13, 96-102.
24. YU H.. DIAMANDIS E.P.. LEVESQUE M., ASA S.L., MONNE
M., CROCE C.M.: Expression of the prostate specific antigen gene
by a primary ovarian carcinoma. Cancer Res., 1995, 55. 1603- 1606.
25. YU H., DIAMANDIS E.P.: Prostate specific antigen in milk of lac-
tating women. Clin. Chem., 1995, 41, 54-60.
SUMMARY
Molecular staging of prostatic cancer.
Despite the improvement current evaluation techniques,
approximately 30% of prostatic cancers clinically localized to
the gland are understaged. RT-PCR is a sensitive and specific
screening method for circulating prostatic cells, proposed as a
molecular staging tool.
The results obtained with this method and reported in the litera -
t u re are critically discussed. These results, concerning the
detection of circulating PSA- or PSMA-positive prostatic cells,
are only indicative, as none of the teams used the same method.
No consensus has been reached concerning the equipment used,
the choice of oligonucleotide primers, the number of cycles to be
applied or even the type of method, classical or «nested».
Another possible application of this method is early detection of
circulating prostatic cells, possibly neoplastic, during the fol -
low-up of patients treated by radical prostatectomy.Once again,
the results of the literature are contradictory.
The reliability and reproducibility of molecular biology tech -
niques in routine practice must therefore be demonstrated befo -
re these techniques can influence the therapeutic decision
concerning prostatic cancer.
Key-words : Cancer, prostate, molecular biology, prognosis,
PSA.
____________________
929