!"
"
Stendhal,*Racine'et'Shakespeare,*1823*
extraits*
*
*
Préface*
#"$%"&'()%*+,"-./01"23.)"+(,4'530,"230'%"+%,")'36(+0%,"&4.'"*4.,7"8%.*%,"'30,4**%.',7",('0%.9"%)"
.*" &%." %*:0%.97" +%" 1/3*" +%" 6';<%" !=>?@" A%," )'36(+0%,B1C" +40:%*)" D)'%" en* prose@" E%" *4," 84.',7" 1%" :%',"
31%93*+'0*"*/%,)"1%"&1.,",4.:%*)"-./.*"<3<F%B,4))0,%@"G""
*
Chapitre*premier""
!"#$%&'($)%*)+%,$'-.*()+%/#(%0#(++)12%(12.$)++)$%3)%0#43(5%)1%6789%&'#2:(3%+#(;$)%3)+%)$$)<)12+%*)%='5(1)%"#%
5)#>%*)%?@'A)+0)'$)%B"
" "
#"$%" 5H3+'%,,%" ,3*," <'30*)%" C" <%))%" jeunesse" (63'(%7" -.0" 3" <'." 230'%" +." &3)'04)0,5%" %)" +%"
1HF4**%.'"*3)04*31"%*",02213*)"IF3J%,&%3'%7"&3'<%"-.H01"2.)"K*6130,@"A455%"8%",.0,"'%5&10"+H%,)05%"&4.'"
+%,"8%.*%,"6%*,"13L4'0%.97"1H%,&40'"+%"13"M'3*<%7"8%"1%.'"&3'1%'30"1%"13*636%",(:N'%"+%"13":('0)(@""
" O4.)%"13"+0,&.)%"%*)'%"P3<0*%"%)"IF3J%,&%3'%",%"'(+.0)"C",3:40'",07"%*"4L,%':3*)"1%,"+%.9".*0)(,"+%"10%."
%)"+%")%5&,7"4*"&%.)"230'%"+%,"&0N<%,"-.0"0*)('%,,%*)":0:%5%*)"+%,",&%<)3)%.',"+."+09B*%.:0N5%",0N<1%7"
+%," &0N<%," -.0" 1%," 23,,%*)" &1%.'%'" %)" 2'(50'7" 4.7" %*" +H3.)'%," )%'5%,7" -.0" 1%.'" +4**%*)" +%," &130,0',"
+'353)0-.%,7"3."10%."+%,"&130,0',".0(/#)+"QRS@""
" $%" +0," -.%" 1H4L,%':3)04*" +%," +%.9" .*0)(," +%" 3()#" %)" +%" 2)<0+" %,)" .*%" F3L0).+%" 2'3*T30,%7" @'4(2#*)%
0$"&"1*.<)12%)1$'5(1.)C"F3L0).+%"+4*)"*4.,"*4.," +(2%'4*,"+0220<01%5%*)7"&3'<%"-.%"U3'0,"%,)"1%" ,314*"
+%" 1HV.'4&%7" %)" 1.0" +4**%" 1%" )4*" 530," 8%" +0," -.%" <%," .*0)(," *%" ,4*)" *.11%5%*)" *(<%,,30'%," C" &'4+.0'%"
1H(54)04*"&'424*+%"%)"1%":('0)3L1%"%22%)"+'353)0-.%@"G"
"
L’expérience* du* spectateur*:* si' le' spectateur' est' capable' de'croire'à'une'action'qui'dure'24h'il'peut'
tout'aussi'bien'croire'à'une'action'qui'se'déroule'sur'plusieurs'mois."
" #"W.3*+"4*"+0)"-.%" 1H05360*3)04*" +.",&%<)3)%.'" ,%"206.'%"-.H01",%"&3,,%" 1%" )%5&," *(<%,,30'%"&4.'"1%,"
(:(*%5%*),"-.%"1H4*"'%&'(,%*)%",.'"13",<N*%7"4*"*H%*)%*+"&3,"-.%"1H011.,04*"+.",&%<)3)%.'"3011%"3."&40*)"
+%"<'40'%")4.)"<%")%5&,"'(%11%5%*)"(<4.1(@"G"
" #"AH%,)"-.%"5D5%":4)'%",&%<)3)%.'"&3'0,0%*"%,)"3<<4.).5("C":40'"1%")%5&,"53'<F%'"+/.*"&3,"+022('%*)"
,.'"13",<N*%"%)"+3*,"13",311%@"G"
"
Définition*de*l’illusion"X"#"1/3<)04*"+/.*"F455%"-.0"<'40)"13"<F4,%"-.0"*/%,)"&3,"QRS@"Y/011.,04*")F(;)'31%7"<%"
,%'3"1/3<)04*"+/.*"F455%"-.0"<'40)":('0)3L1%5%*)"%90,)3*)%,"1%,"<F4,%,"-.0",%"&3,,%*)",.'"13",<N*%@"G"
" " #"Y/011.,04*" -.%" 1/4*" :3" <F%'<F%'" 3." )F(;)'%" */%,)" &3," .*%" 011.,04*" &3'230)%" QRS" 1%," ,&%<)3)%.',"
,3:%*)"L0%*"-./01,",4*)"3.")F(;)'%"QRS@"G" "
" " #"Z30," '%<F%'<F4*," +3*," -.%1,"545%*)," +%"13" )'36(+0%"1%" ,&%<)3)%.'" &%.)"%,&('%'"+%"
'%*<4*)'%'"<%,"0*,)3*),"+(10<0%.9"+H(33#+("1%0'$&'(2)@""
" " A%," 0*,)3*)," <F3'53*)," *%" ,%" '%*<4*)'%*)" *0" 3." 545%*)"+H.*" <F3*6%5%*)" +%",<N*%7"*0" 3."
545%*)"&'(<0,"4["1%"&4N)%"230)",3.)%'"+4.\%"4."-.0*\%"84.',"3.",&%<)3)%.'7"*0"3."545%*)"4["1%"&4N)%"
%,)"4L106("+%"&13<%'".*"14*6"'(<0)"+3*,"13"L4.<F%"+H.*"+%",%,"&%',4**36%,".*0-.%5%*)"&4.'"0*24'5%'"1%"
,&%<)3)%.'"+H.*"230)"3*)('0%.'7"%)"+4*)"13"<4**30,,3*<%"1.0"%,)"*(<%,,30'%7"*0"3."545%*)"4["3''0:%*)")'40,"
4." -.3)'%" :%'," 3+50'3L1%,7" %)" '%53'-.3L1%," <455%":%',@"A%," 0*,)3*)," +(10<0%.9"%)",0" '3'%," +H011.,04*"
&3'230)%" *%"&%.:%*)",%" '%*<4*)'%'" -.%" +3*," 13" <F31%.'" +H.*%",<N*%" 3*05(%" 14',-.%"1%," '(&10-.%,"+%,"
3<)%.',",%"&'%,,%*)"]"&3'"%9%5&1%7"-.3*+"^%'504*%"+0)"C"_'%,)%7"-.0":0%*)"+H3,,3,,0*%'"U`''F.,"&3'",4*"
4'+'%"X"D#(%2)%3E'%*(2B%("
$3530,"4*"*%")'4.:%'3"<%,"545%*),"+H011.,04*"&3'230)%"*0"C"1H0*,)3*)"4[".*"5%.')'%"%,)"<4550,"
,.'"13",<N*%7"*0"-.3*+"+%,"63'+%,":0%**%*)"3''D)%'".*"&%',4**36%"&4.'"1%"<4*+.0'%"%*"&'0,4*@"O4.)%,"<%,"