as a level chemistry practical workbook

Cambridge International AS & A Level
Roger Norris and Mike Wooster
Chemistry
Practical Workbook
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Original material © Cambridge University Press

Roger Norris and Mike Wooster
Cambridge International
AS & A Level
Chemistry
Practical Workbook
SAMPLE
Original material © Cambridge University Press

ii
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Contents
1 Introduction v
2 Safety vi
3 Skills chapter vii
1 Masses, moles and atoms 1.1 Empirical formula of hydrated copper(II) sulfate crystals 1
1.2 Relative atomic mass of magnesium using molar volumes 5
1.3 Percentage composition of a mixture of sodium hydrogen carbonate
and sodium chloride 9
  1.4 Relativeatomicmassofcalciumbytwodierentmethods:molar
volume and titration 12
2 Structure and bonding 2.1 Physicalpropertiesofthreedierenttypesofchemicalstructure 16
  2.2 Eectoftemperatureonthevolumeofaxedmassofgas 18
  2.3 Eectofpressureonthevolumeofaxedmassofgas 21
3 Enthalpy changes 3.1 Enthalpy change for the reaction between zinc and aqueous copper(II)
sulfate solution 24
3.2 Enthalpy change of combustion of alcohols 29
3.3 Enthalpy change of thermal decomposition 34
  3.4 Changeinenthalpyofhydrationofcopper(II)sulfate 38
4 Redox reactions 4.1 Understandingredox(I):investigatingreactivityseriesand
displacement reactions 43
  4.2 Understandingredox(II):investigatingfurtherreactions 47
5 Chemical equilibrium 5.1 Applying Le Chatelier’s principle to a gaseous equilibrium 52
5.2 Applying Le Chatelier’s principle to an aqueous equilibrium 54
  5.3 Theequilibriumconstantforthehydrolysisofethylethanoate 57
6 Rates of reaction 6.1 Eectsofconcentrationonrateofchemicalreaction 66
6.2 Eectsoftemperatureandahomogeneouscatalystontherateof
   chemicalreaction 70
6.3 Observedcatalysedreaction 73
7 The properties of metals 7.1 PropertiesofmetaloxidesandmetalchloridesacrossPeriod3 74
  7.2 Relativeatomicmassofmagnesiumusingaback-titrationmethod 77
  7.3 Separationoftwometalionsinsolution 80
  7.4 Identicationofthreemetalcompoundsusingqualitativeanalysis 82
8 The properties of non-metals 8.1 Formulaofhydratedsodiumthiosulfatecrystals 86
  8.2 Preparationandpropertiesofthehydrogenhalides 89
  8.3 Reactionofbrominewithsulte(sulfate(IV)) 92
  8.4 Identicationofunknownscontaininghalideions 95
Contents
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Original material © Cambridge University Press

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Cambridge International AS & A Level Chemistry
9 Hydrocarbons and
halogenoalkanes 9.1 Crackingofhydrocarbons 98
  9.2 Howhalogenoalkanestructureaectstherateofhydrolysis 101
10 Organic compounds
containing oxygen 10.1 Identifyingfourunknownorganiccompounds 106
11 More about enthalpy
changes 11.1 Enthalpy change of vaporisation of water 114
  11.2 Enthalpychangeofsolutionofchlorides 118
11.3 Thermal decomposition of iron (II) ethanedioate 123
  11.4 Thermaldecompositionofmetalcarbonates 126
11.5 Enthalpychangeofmixing 130
12 Electrochemistry 12.1 DeterminingtheFaradayconstant 133
  12.2 Comparingthevoltageofelectrochemicalcells 137
  12.3 Half-cellscontainingonlyionsasreactants 139
12.4 Changing the concentration of ions in an electrochemical cell 142
12.5 Electrical conductivity of ethanoic aid 145
13 Further aspects of equilibria 13.1 Change in pH during an acid–base titration 149
13.2 Partition of ammonia between water and trichloromethane 153
13.3 Anestericationreactionatequilibrium 156
  13.4 TheeectoftemperatureontheN2O42NO2 equilibrium 159
  13.5 Equilibrium,entropyandenthalpychange 163
14 Reaction kinetics 14.1 Kineticsofthereactionbetweenpropanoneandiodine 166
14.2 Rateofdecompositionofanorganiccompound 169
14.3 Determinationoftheorderofareaction 172
  14.4 Eectoftemperatureonrateofreaction 176
15 Transition elements 15.1 Coppercontentofcopperore 180
15.2 Analysisofirontablets 183
  15.3 Formulaofacomplexion 185
15.4 Reactionofcopperwithpotassiumdichromate(VI) 188
16 More about organic
chemistry 16.1 Makinganazodye 191
16.2 Acylationofanucleicacid 194
16.3 Nitrationofbenzene 197
17 Identifying organic
compounds 17.1 Extractinganaminoacidfromhair 200
  17.2 Identicationofawhitecrystallinesolid 203
  17.3 Preparationandidenticationofacolourlessliquid 206
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