Dissertation_2

!"#$%&'!'#%(#)#*+!,%#(,%#'! -&./&*#'! -0/**1#'2! (/!$345#''&4*!&*5&3)&63#!'0#'+!
)1+/)43$74'1#8!9*!#55#+2!(#!3:(#!&*5&3)&#3!*#!;#''#!-#!<3/*-&38!=#'!*4%>#((#'!3#'$4*'/?&(&+1'!#+!
(01(/3<&''#)#*+! -%! ;7/)$! -0#@$#3+&'#! -#'!&*5&3)&63#'!-%!A%1?#;!'4*+! -/*'! (#%3! ,%4+&-&#*!
$345#''&4**#(8!B4%'!#*!'4))#'!3#*-%'!C!#*>&'/<#3!-#!$#3)#++3#!/%@!&*5&3)&63#'!-#!$3#';3&3#!
;#3+/&*'!+#'+'!#+!+3/&+#)#*+'!+#('!,%#!-#'!/*/(D'#'!-#! (/?43/+4&3#2! +#'+! #*! &)/<#3&#! )1-&;/(#2!
$34-%&+'! #+! $/*'#)#*+'! $4%3! $(/&#'2! )1-&;aments!à!caractère!préventif!et!traitements!pour!
conditions!mineures.!Qu'estEce!que!le!droit!de!prescrire!apporterait!à!(/!$345#''&4*F!"0/?43-2!
(#'!;4)$1+#*;#'!&*5&3)&63#'!'#!'4(&-&5&#3/&#*+!+4%+!#*!'01(/3<&''/*+8!=#!3:(#!&*5&3)&#3!'#!-&'+&*<%#!
-#! ;#3+/&*#'! /%+3#'! $345#''&4*'2! #*+3#! /%+3#! $4%3!(#!G%<#)#*+!;(&*&,%#!-4*+!(#'!&*5&3)&63#'!
-4&>#*+! 5/&3#! $3#%>#8!=#!-34&+!-#!$3#';3&3#! '#3/&+! (04;;/'&4*! -0/%<)#*+#3! ;#'! ;/$/;&+1'! -#!
G%<#)#*+!&*5&3)&#3!-/*'!(#!?%+!-0/<&3!$(%'!;4*;36+#)#*+8!H</(#)#*+2!%*#!-15&*&+&4*!$31;&'#!-%!
*4%>#/%!3:(#!&*5&3)&#3!-/*'!;#3+/&*#'!'$763#'!$#3)#++3/&+!(0/;;34&''#)#*+!-#!(0&)$43+/*;#!-#!
(0&*5&3)&63#! -/*'! (01,%&$#! )%(+&-&';&$(&*/&3#8! =#'!*4%>#((#'! (&)&+#'! -#!(0#@#3;&;#!&*5&3)&#3!
5/;&(&+#34*+!(#!+3/>/&(!-#!+4%'8!
!!
! "0/?43-2! (0&*5&3)&63#2! /%! ;4%3'!-#!'/! 543)/+&4*2! 3#I4&+!(0#*'#&<*#)#*+! /-1,%/+! $4%3!
;4)$3#*-3#!#+!'/>4&3!/$$(&,%#3!;#!,%&!;4*;#3*#!;#'!*4%>#/%@!;7/)$'!-0#@$#3+&'#8!J(!#'+!;#3+/&*!
,%#!(#!G4%3!4K!(0&*5&3)&63#! /%3/! (#!-34&+!-#!$3#';3&3#2!'/! 543)/+&4*! -#>3/! L+3#! /-/$+1#! #*!
;4*'1,%#*;#8!=0#*'#&<*#)#*+!/%!*&>#/%!-#'!$3#';3&$+&4*'!-#!+3/&+#)#*+'!#+!-#!+#'+'!-#>3/!L+3#!
-/>/*+/<#!$31'#*+8!M/&'!/;+%#((#)#*+2!&(!5/%+!,%/*-!)L)#!'/>4&3!,%#!-6'!(/!$3#)&63#!/**1#!
-0#*'#&<*#)#*+!;4((1<&/(2!(43',%0%*#!$/+74(4<&#!4%!%*#!)/+&63#!,%#(;4*,%#!#'+!#*'#&<*1#!/%@!
1+%-&/*+#'2!(#'!+3/&+#)#*+'!#+!+#'+'!N)%(+&-&';&$(&*/&3#'! 4%!*4*O!'4*+! +4%G4%3'! #*'#&<*1'8!9((#'!
$4''6-#*+!-4*;! ;#3+/&*#'! ;4**/&''/*;#'! $#3+&*#*+#'! -6'!(/!5&*!-#!(#%3'! 1+%-#'! #*!;#!,%&!
;4*;#3*#!;#!,%0#((#'!-#>34*+!$#%+EL+3#! $3#';3&3#!%*!G4%38!P%''&2!(0&*5&3)&63#!#'+!'4%>#*+!#*!
$3#)&63#!(&<*#!(43'!-#!(01>/(%/+&4*!-0%*!$/+&#*+!$4%3!-1;#(#3!%*!?#'4&*!$/3+&;%(&#38!=#!$4%>4&3!
-#!$3#';3&3#!;#3+/&*'!+#'+'!#+!;#3+/&*'!+3/&+#)#*+'!/$$43+#3/&+!-4*;!%*#!/;;1(13/+&4*!-#'!'4&*'!
/$$43+1'!/%!$/+&#*+!/&*'&!,%0%*#!/%<)#*+/+&4*!-#!(0/;;#''&?&(&+1!-#!;#%@E;&8!Q/3!#@#)$(#2!'&!%*#!
$#3'4**#! R<1#! -#>&#*+! /*43)/(#)#*+! /<&+1#! #+!/!%*#! )4-&5&;/+&4*! -#!'4*! ;4)$43+#)#*+2!
(0&*5&3)&63#!$4''6-#!(#!G%<#)#*+!;(&*&,%#!$4%3! (01>/(%#3! #+!-1;&-#3!-#'! +#'+'! ,%&!(%&!'#34*+!
$4''&?(#)#*+!$#3+&*#*+'8!M/(<31!;#!,%#!;#3+/&*#'!$#3'4**#'!-#!(/!$4$%(/+&4*!;34&#*+2!;#!*0#'+!
$/'!/%!*&>#/%!-#'!+#;7*&,%#'!,%#!(0&*5&3)&63#!#@#3;#!'4*!$(%'!<3/*-!3:(#2!)/&'!?&#*!/%!*&>#/%!
-%!G%<#)#*+!#+!-#'! ;4**/&''/*;#'8! S4%>#*+2! -/*'! (/! $3/+&,%#2! '%3! ;#3+/&*#'! %*&+1'! -#!'4&*'!
;4))#!(#'!%*&+1'!-074'$&+/(&'/+&4*2!;0#'+!(0&*5&3)&63#!,%&!#'+!#@$#3+#!-#!(/!'&+%/+&4*!;/3!#((#!#'+!
/%!,%4+&-&#*!/>#;!(#'!$/+&#*+'8!9((#!$34$4'#!'4%>#*+!/%!)1-#;&*!-#!$3#';3&3#!;#3+/&*#'!;74'#'!
3#(/+&>#)#*+!'&)$(#'!;/3!#((#!;4**/&+!(#!$/+&#*+2!>4&+!(/!$34?(1)/+&,%#!#+!;4**/&+!(#'!31'%(+/+'!
'4%7/&+1'8!H</(#)#*+2!-/*'!%*!;4*+#@+#!-#!'4&*'!;3&+&,%#'!;4))#!C!(0%3<#*;#2!(/!$4''&?&(&+1!-#!
$3#';3&$+&4*'! -#! +#'+'! #+! +3/&+#)#*+'! $/3! (#'!&*5&3)&63#'! -&)&*%#3/&#*+! (#'! +#)$'! -0/++#*+#'!
&*%+&(#'! #+! 5/>43&'#3/&#*+! (0/;;#''&?&(&+1! /%@! '4&*'8!=#!-34&+!-#!$3#';3&3#! /$$43+#3/&+! -4*;!C!(/!
$345#''&4*!&*5&3)&63#!%*#! /%<)#*+/+&4*! -#! (0#@$(4&+/+&4*! -%!G%<#)#*+!&*5&3)&#3! -/*'! (#!?%+!
-0/<&3!;4*;36+#)#*+!$4%3!5/;&(&+#3!(0/;;#''&?&(&+1!-#'!'4&*'!-/*'!-&>#3'!)&(&#%@8!
!
!!
!9*'%&+#2! (#!?%+!-#! $#3)#++3#! C! (0&*5&3)&63#!-#!$3#';3&3#!*0#'+! $/'! -#! $3/+&,%#3! -/*'! (#!
;7/)$!-0#@#3;&;#!-#'!/%+3#'!$345#''&4**#('8!T*!+#(!3#>&3#)#*+!/!-#'!31$#3;%+&4*'!(1</(#'8!S#(4*!

(0/3+&;(#! UV2!$O2!-%!W4-#!-#'!$345#''&4*'!X!Y!Z4%+!)#)?3#!-[%*!-#'!43-3#'! $345#''&4**#('!
'%&>/*+'! $#%+!#@#3;#3!(#'! /;+&>&+1'! $345#''&4**#((#'! '%&>/*+#'2! #*! 4%+3#! -#!;#((#'!,%&!(%&!'4*+!
/%+3#)#*+!$#3)&'#'!$/3!(/!(4&\N]O!!([^3-3#!$345#''&4**#(!-#'!&*5&3)&63#'!#+!&*5&3)&#3'!/%@&(&/&3#'!
-%!A%1?#;\!;4*+3&?%#3!C!([1>/(%/+&4*! -#! ([1+/+! -#! '/*+1! -[%*#!$#3'4**#!#+!C!(/!31/(&'/+&4*!-%!
$(/*! -#!'4&*'2!$34-&<%#3!-#'!'4&*'!#+!-#'! +3/&+#)#*+'! &*5&3)&#3'!#+! )1-&;/%@! -/*'! (#!?%+!-#!
)/&*+#*&3!(/!'/*+12!-#!(/!31+/?(&3!#+!-#!$31>#*&3!(/!)/(/-&#!#+!54%3*&3!-#'!'4&*'!$/((&/+&5'X!N]O8_!S&!
(#'!&*5&3)&63#'! 4*+!(#!-34&+!-#!$3#';3&3#!-#'! +#'+'! #+!-#'! +3/&+#)#*+'! )&*#%3'!%*!G4%32!(/!
-15&*&+&4*! -%!3:(#!&*5&3)&#3! 1+/?(&#! $/3! (#!W4-#!-#'!$345#''&4*'!-#>3/! L+3#! )4-&5&1#! /5&*! -#!
-15&*&3!-#!*4%>#((#'!(&)&+#'!#+!-#!*4%>#/%@!;7/)$'!-0#@#3;&;#'8!T*!+#(!31/G%'+#)#*+!$#3)#++3/!
-0/%<)#*+#3! (0/)$(#%3! -%!3:(#!&*5&3)&#3! /%! *&>#/%! )%(+&-&';&$(&*/&3#! #+! 5/;&(&+#3! (#! +3/>/&(! -#!
+4%'8! =#'! ;7/)$'! $31;&'!4K!&(!#'+! $31'#*+#)#*+! #*>&'/<#/?(#! -0/<3/*-&3! (#!3:(#!&*5&3)&#3!*#!
*%&34*+! $/'! /%! +3/>/&(! -#'! /%+3#'! $345#''&4**#('8!P%! ;4*+3/&3#2!;#(/! $#3)#++3/&+! C! ;7/;%*!
-0#@#3;#3!'4*! +3/>/&(! $(%'! 5/;&(#)#*+! #+!$(%'! 3/$&-#)#*+2! '/*'! />4&3! C! /++#*-3#! -#'! -1(/&'!
&*%+&(#'!;4*'&-13/*+!(#'!;4)$1+#*;#'!-#!(0&*5&3)&63#!-#!31'4%-3#!;#3+/&*#'!$34?(1)/+&,%#'!$/3!
(/! $3#';3&$+&4*8! "/*'! (/! '#;+&4*! `JJJ2! /3+&;(#! Ua!-#!(/!=4&!'%3!(#'! J*5&3)&63#'! #+!&*5&3)&#3'!,%&!
/?43-#!(0#@#3;&;#!-#!(/!$345#''&4*2!(0#@#3;&;#!&*5&3)&#3!#'+!$3&*;&$/(#)#*+!-15&*&+!-0/;+#'!'#(4*!
%*#!43-4**/*;#2!$/3!#@#)$(#!X!YUb!&*&+&#3!-#'!)#'%3#'!-&/<*4'+&,%#'!#+!+713/$#%+&,%#'2!'#(4*!
%*#!43-4**/*;#_8!W0#'+!C!;#+!#*-34&+!,%0/%!*&>#/%!(1</(!&(!D!/%3/!(#!$(%'!-#!)4-&5&;/+&4*'8!W0#'+E
CE-&3#!,%#!(0&*5&3)&63#!'#3/!$(%'! /%+4*4)#! #+! /<&3/! '#(4*!'#'!$34$3#'! 43-4**/*;#'! '#(4*!-#!
*4%>#((#'!(&)&+#'!-%! ;7/)$! -0#@#3;&;#8!P(43'2!(#!-34&+!-#!$3#';3&3#!/$$43+#3/&+!C!(/!$345#''&4*!
&*5&3)&63#!%*! /;;34&''#)#*+! -%!3:(#!&*5&3)&#3! /%! *&>#/%! )%(+&-&';&$(&*/&3#! -/*'! -#!*4%>#((#'!
(&)&+#'!#+!%*#!'&)$(&5&;/+&4*!-%!+3/>/&(!-#!+4%'8!
!!
! c&*/(#)#*+2! %*! +#(! ;7/*<#)#*+! /$$43+1! -/*'! (/!$345#''&4*!&*5&3)&63#!*#! 5#3/&+! ,%#!
)4-#3*&'#3!(#!'D'+6)#!-#!'/*+1!A%1?1;4&'8!"0/&((#%3'2!$(%'&#%3'!$/D'!#*!'4*+!-1GC!(C8!"0/?43-2!
(0&*5&3)&63#!$4''6-#!-1GC!(#!G%<#)#*+!#*!;#!,%&!;4*;#3*#!(#'!'$763#'!4K!4*! #*>&'/<#! -#'!
$3#';3&$+&4*'!&*5&3)&63#'8!9((#!#'+!/$+#!C!$4'#3!-#'!<#'+#'!;4*;3#+'!$4%3!5/;&(&+#3!(0/;;#''&?&(&+1!
/%@!'4&*'2!;4))#!$3#';3&3#8! H</(#)#*+2! (/!3#-15&*&+&4*!-%!;7/)$!-0#@#3;&;#!&*5&3)&#3!'#3/!-#!
)&'#!/5&*!-#!5/;&(&+#3!(/!;4((/?43/+&4*!)%(+&-&';&$(&*/&3#!#+!-#!-4**#3!C!(0&*5&3)&63#!'4*!*4%>#/%!
3:(#! -/*'! (01,%&$#!-#!'4&*'8!T*! +#(! 3#>&3#)#*+! /$$43+#3/&+! ?#/%;4%$! /%! 'D'+6)#! -#! '/*+1!
A%1?1;4&'8!=#'!&*5&3)&63#'!'4*+!$3L+#'!$4%3!-#!*4%>#((#'!3#'$4*'/?&(&+1'!$345#''&4**#((#'8!J(!*#!
3#'+#! $(%'!,%0C!#'$13#3!,%#! +4%'! ;#'! ;7/*<#)#*+'2! '[&('! /33&>#*+! >3/&)#*+2! *#!'#34*+!,%#!
$4'&+&5']!