Résumé de chimie sup et spé

✬
✫
✩
✪

•
•
•
α β
•
Fe
H2O
•
N2O2
♥ci=ni
V
imol.L−1
niiV
♥xi=ni
n
i
n
♥Pi=ni
nPi
nP
•ai
♥ai=ci/c◦c◦= 1 mol.L−1
♥ai= Pi/P◦P◦= 1 bar
♥ai= 1
ν1A1+ν2A2=ν3A3
•νi
•A1A2A3
♥Q =
Πaνj
j
Πaνi
i
t[ Q ] = 1

K◦
♥•Q<K◦⇔
•Q>K◦⇔
•Q6= K◦
•
♥K◦= Q =
Π(aj)νj
Π (ai)νi
[ K◦] = 1 K◦(T)
♥K◦≫1
t= 0 t > 0
ν1A1+ν2A2−→ ν3A3
t= 0 n1n2n3
t > 0n1−∆n1n2−∆n2n3+ ∆n3
∆n1
ν1
=∆n2
ν2
=∆n3
ν3
=ξt[ξ] = mol
ξ ξ > 0ξ < 0
ξ
ν1A1+ν2A2−→ ν3A3
t= 0 n1n2n3
t > 0n1−ν1ξ n2−ν2ξ n3+ν3ξ
ξ=ξ/V
♥τ=ξ
ξξ ξ
♥α=α= 1
➀t
➁
➂

νAA−→ νBB
•AnA(t)v(A) = −dnA
dt
•BnB(t)v(B) = + dnB
dt
V
v(A) = −d [ A ]
dtv(B) = + d [ B ] dt
[ A ] = nA(t)
V=PA(t) RT
•
♥v=−1
νA
dnA
dt= + 1 νB
dnB
dtv=−1 νA
d [ A ]
dt= + 1 νB
d [ B ]
dt
v= mol.s−1v= mol.L−1.s−1
•A B
•v(A) = νA×v v (B) = +νB×v
♥
•
•
•
ν1A1+ν2A2+· · · −→ ν′
1B1+ν′ 2B2+···
•
v=k[ A1]α1[ A2]α2...
•k k =k(T)
•αiAi
α=Piαi
k αi
•t1/2