M1Charte dAthènes Mvt Moderne et Gds Ensembles

Telechargé par ouafae bentouhami
!"#$%&'#()*+"(%&",-.",/%*0%*1,2,(*
34./%*056&47#(%4(8&%*
9):#",#&%*0%*;*:%*6"")%<*=#'(.#&%*%(*,",/>'%*0%'*?.&:%'*!&2,#"%'*
@,*A#//%*B.0%&"%*%(*4."(%:C.&,#"%*
LA#CHARTE#D’ATHENES,#LE#MOUVEMENT#MODERNE,#LES#CRITIQUES#DU#MOUVEMENT#
MODERNE#(LES#GRANDS#ENSEMBLES)#ET#EXEMPLES#DE#REQUALIFICATION#
MOHAMMED#FAWZI#ZNIBER#
2017#
@3*DEFG3HG3*BEFI+6@*6!*I3J!G*I!*HH*:%*9+3D@3<*
@%*H+H*:%*'#K4/%*%(*/,*1)$./8-."*+"08'(&#%//%*."(*)()*,2.&0)'*L*/,*M"*08*N%&*9%:%'(&%O*/%'*C&#"4#C,/%'*4,&,4()&#'-P8%'*'."(<*
*3Q.0%*&8&,/*#:C.&(,"(*%(*:#R&,-."'*0):.R&,C7#P8%'*$%&'*/%'*R&,"0%'*$#//%'*P8#*'5#"08'(&#,/#'%"(*%(*P8#*.S&%"(*0%'*.CC.&(8"#()'*05%:C/.#T*
I%"'#M4,-."*0%'*$#//%'*%(*0)R&,0,-."*4."-"8%*0%'*4."0#-."'*05=,2#(,(*
3(.8S%:%"(*9C,-,/*0%'*$#//%'*%"*&,#'."*0%'*0#U48/()'*05%Q(%"'#."*V3"4%#"(%'*7#'(.&#P8%'W*D%"(&%'*4."'-(8)'*0%*P8,&-%&'*$)(8'(%'TTTX*
Y8%/P8%'*#"#-,-$%'*0%*1).&R,"#',-."*0%'*R&,"0%'*$#//%'*'."(*4."4&)-')%'<*Z,&#'*=,8'':,""#%"W*J,&4%/."%W*@."0&%'W*J%&/#"W*F%[*\.&]TTT*
@%'*8"#()'*+"08'(&#%//%'*P8#*'%*0)$%/.CC%"(*0%*:,"#K&%*(&K'*&,C#0%*C.'%"(*0%'*C&.2/K:%'*P8,"0*L*/%8&*#:C/,"(,-."*%(*L*/,*C.//8-."*P85%//%'*R)"K&%"(*
@%*D7%:#"*0%*?%&*'%*0)$%/.CC%*%"*38&.C%*%(*,8Q*3(,('*!"#'*4&),"(*0%*".8$%//%'*0>",:#P8%'*8&2,#"%'*,8(.8&*0%*/%8&*(&,4)*%(*0%'*R,&%'W*,^&,"(*/%*/."R*0%'*
/#R"%'*_%&&.$#,#&%'*.8*,8(.8&*0%*4,&&%_.8&'*_%&&.$#,#&%'*0%*".8$%//%'*+:C/,"(,-."'*+"08'(&#%//%'*P8#*,^&%&."(*0%*".8$%//%'*C.C8/,-."'*%(*4&)%&."(*0%*
".8$%//%'*,RR/.:)&,-."'*!&2,#"%'*
@%*D.::%&4%*'%*0)$%/.CC%W*/%'*J.8&'%'*,CC,&,#''%"(*%(*/%*9>'(K:%*J,"4,#&%*+"(%&",-.",/*4.::%"4%*L*R)&%&*/5)4.".:#%*:."0%*
@,*F,$#R,-."*?/8$#,/%W*'8&*D,",8QW*(&,"',(/,"-P8%*%(*#"(%&4."-"%"(,/%*'%*0)$%/.CC%*%(*&%"_.&4%*/%'*)47,"R%'*4.::%&4#,8Q*F,-.",8Q*%(*#"(%&",-.",8QW*
,$%4*C.8&*4.&.//,#&%*/5,R&,"0#''%:%"(*0%*Z.&('*%Q#'(,"('*%(**/,*4&),-."*0%*".8$%,8Q*Z.&('*0>",:#',"(*,#"'#*/%'*$#//%'*P8#*/%'*&%`.#$%"(T*F%[*\.&]*0%$#%"(*/%*
N%&*C.&(*08*:."0%T*
@,*D./."#',-."*0%*".:2&%8Q*C,>'*C,&*/%'*C8#'',"4%'*%8&.C)%""%'*0%*/5)C.P8%*4."(&#28%*L*/%8&*%"&#47#''%:%"(*%(*L*/,*0>",:#',-."*0%'*$#//%'*%(*0%'*C.&('T*
3"*NaN;*%(*L*/,*'8#(%*0%'*4."(&#28-."'*0%'*0#S)&%"('*4.8&,"('*!(.C#'(%'W*9.4#,/#'(%'W*=8:,"#'(%'W*D7&)-%"'W*9)48&#(,#&%'TTT*98&*/,*")4%''#()*0%*&).&R,"#'%&*
/%'*$#//%'*%(*05,:)/#.&%&*/%'*4."0#-."'*0%*$#%*0%'*C.C8/,-."'*/%'*C/8'*:.0%'(%'W*/,*P8%'-."*08*b*@.R%:%"(*34.".:#P8%*c*0%$#%"(*4%"(&,/%W*/%'*@.#'*'8&*/%*
G&,$,#/*'."(*C&.:8/R8)%'*%(*/%*B.8$%:%"(*9>"0#4,/*'%*0)$%/.CC%T*
@%'*D#()'dE8$&#K&%'W*/%'*D#()'de,&0#"'W*/%'*b*=,2#(,-."'*J."*B,&47)*c*_."(*/%8&*,CC,&#-."*%(*'%*0)$%/.CC%"(*C,&(.8(*0,"'*/%*:."0%T*
@%'*3(,('*4.:C&%""%"(*/5.2/#R,-."*05#"(%&$%"#&*'8&*/,*A#//%*%(*'8&*/5=,2#(,(*C.8&*&)R8/%&*/%'*:,&47)'*%(*&,/%"-&*/%'*C7)".:K"%'*0%*9C)48/,-."*?."4#K&%*%(*
+::.2#/#K&%T*
3"(&%*Nafg*%(*NahgW*4%*'."(*/%'*@.-''%8&'*C&#$)'*P8#*_%&."(*/5!&2,"#':%*%"*'C)48/,"(*%(*%"*_,#',"(*05)".&:%'*2)")M4%'O*#/'*,47K(%"(*0%'*C&.C&#)()'*,R&#4./%'*P85#/'*
/.-''%"(*%"*C,&4%//%'*0%*hgg*L*;gg*:fT*
@%'*+"08'(&#%/'*'.87,#(%"(*P8%*/%'*.C)&,-."'*0%*/.R%:%"(*'.#%"(*&),/#')%'*C,&*0%'*E&R,"#':%'*Z82/#4'<*/%'*=JB*'."(*4&)%'*%"*NaNf*%(*M","4)'*C,&*/53:C&8"(*W*
C8#'*C/8'*(,&0*C,&*/,*D,#''%*0%'*I)Ci('*%(*D."'#R",-."'T*
@%*B.8$%:%"(*08*b*B8')%*9.4#,/*c*%"*%'(*/%*R&,"0*#"'-R,(%8&O*/5!&2,"#':%*",#(*%(*/,*D.//%4-$#()*Z82/#P8%*%"*0%$#%"(*/564(%8&*Z&#"4#C,/*L*(&,$%&'*/%'*
B8"#4#C,/#()'*.8*/%'*I)C,&(%:%"('T*
*6*Z,&#'*/%'*:8&,#//%'*'."(*0):./#%'W*0)R,R%,"(*,#"'#*0%*/,&R%'*j."%'*$#%&R%'*T*@%*B8')%*9.4#,/*C&.C.'%*8"%*D%#"(8&%*A%&(%*P8#*')C,&%*Z,&#'*0%*/,*b*D%#"(8&%*
1.8R%*c*C.C8/,#&%*%(*&%$%"0#4,-$%T*
*
*
k3F393*I3*@6*D=61G3*I56G=3F39*
@%'*DT+T6TBT*.8*D."R&K'*+"(%&",-.",8Q*0%*/56&47#(%4(8&%*B.0%&"%*'."(*")'*%"*Nafl*L*/,*'8#(%*058"%*&),4-."*/.&'**
*********058"*4."4.8&'*05,&47#(%4(8&%*%"*98#''%*,8*4.8&'*08P8%/*/%'*.&R,"#',(%8&'*."(*&%m%()*/%'*C&.C.'#-."'*
*********b*"."*4/,''#P8%'*cW*m8R)%'*(&.C*:.0%&"%'*058"*4%&(,#"*".:2&%*05,&47#(%4(%'W*0."(*4%/8#*08*D.&28'#%&*0."(*/%*".:*&)%/*%'(*D7,&/%'*
*********30.8,&0*e%,""%&%(T*
*********I5,8(&%'*4."R&K'*,8&."(*/#%8O*/%*f:%*%"*Nahg*,8&,*C.8&*(7K:%**b*/5=,2#(,(*L*@.>%&*B.0)&)*c*%(*/%*;*:%*'%*-%"0&,*%"*
*********Nahh*'8&*8"*2,(%,8*,8*4.8&'*058"%*4&.#'#K&%*L*0%'-",-."*056(7K"%'*%(*P8#*0.""%&,*'."*".:*L*/,*D7,&(%T*
*********IK'*/%*'%4."0*D+6B*/%'*6&47#(%4(%'*%(*!&2,"#'(%'*C&)'%"('*"%*'%&."(*C,'*.&#R#",#&%'*8"#P8%:%"(*0%*/538&.C%*:,#'*08*
*********:."0%*%"-%&O*n,/(%&*k&.C#8'W*F%8(&,*.8*%"4.&%*e.')*@8#'*9%&(*>*C,&-4#C%&."(T*
*********+/*_,8(*&,CC%/%&*P8%*/,*4."'(&84-."*%"*64#%&*%(*%"*J)(."*6&:)*,*0)28()*0%C8#'*P8%/P8%'*0)4%""#%'*%(*P85L*D7#4,R.*
*********.8*F%[*\.&]*/%'*C&%:#%&'*k&,o%'*D#%/*."(*_,#(*/%8&*,CC,&#-."T*
*********I)'*NaffW*@%*D.&28'#%&*,$,#(*C&.C.')*C.8&*/%*4%"(&%*0%*Z,&#'*/%*b*Z/,"*A.#'#"*c*P8#*C&)$.>,#(*/,*0):./#-."*058"%*#:C.&(,"(%*j."%*
*********4.:C&%","(*0%'*+::%82/%'*0%*(>C%*=,8'':,""#%"*C.8&*/%'*&%:C/,4%&*C,&*Nl*k&,o%'*D#%/*'8'4%C-2/%'*0%*&%4%$.#&*C/8'*0%*pgg*ggg*
*********7,2#(,"('T*
*********+/*4."'#0K&%*P8%*b*/5=,2#(,(*%'(*,$,"(*(.8(*8"%*_."4-."*P8#*0.#(*q(&%*&,-.",/#')%O*#/*"%*0.#(*C,'*q(&%*4."'#0)&)*4.::%*8"%*M"*%"*'.#*%(*
*********0.#(*q(&%*0)2,&&,'')*0%*b*/5#"8-/%*c*%"*(%&:%'*0%*0)4.&,-."*W*:8&'*"."*C.&(%8&'TTT*cT*
*********6*/5#''8%*0%'*0)2,('*08*;:%*D+6BW*8"*Z&.4K'*A%&2,/*%'(*&)0#R)O*/%*(%Q(%*#"#-,/*'%&,*&%C&#'*C,&*@%*D.&28'#%&*%(*C82/#)*%"*Na;N*'.8'*/%*-(&%*
*********b*@,*D7,&(%*056(7K"%'*cW*.8$&,R%*,".">:%*0,"'*8"*C&%:#%&*(%:C'*4,&*@%*D.&28'#%&*)(,#(*(&K'*4&#-P8)*C,&*/%'*0#'4#C/%'*0%*/564,0):#':%*
*********%(*08*D/,''#4#':%T*
*********3//%*4.:C&%"0*ap*C,&,R&,C7%'*(7):,-P8%'*P8#*0#,R".'-P8%"(*%(*,",/>'%"(*/%'*$#//%'*0%*/5)C.P8%*C.8&*,2.8-&*L*0%'*C&.C.'#-."'*%(*
*********C&#"4#C%'*05,:)",R%:%"(*%(*0%*4."'(&84-."*".8$%,8QT*
*
DEFG3F!*I3*@6*D=61G3*I56G=3F39*
La#Ville#est#inscrite#dans#une#Région:#
E"*,8&,*&,&%:%"(W*,$,"(*4%o%*C)&#.0%W*&%/#)*/,*$#//%*L*'."*%"$#&.""%:%"(*&)R#.",/O*b*."*"%*C%8(*%"$#',R%&*8"*
C&.2/K:%*058&2,"#':%*P85%"*'%*&)_)&,"(*4."'(,::%"(*,8Q*)/):%"('*4."'-(8-_'*0%*/,*&)R#."*%(*C&#"4#C,/%:%"(*L*',*
R).R&,C7#%<*/#R"%'*0%*C,&(,R%*0%'*%,8QW*4&q(%'*,$.#'#","(%'*0%''#","(*8"*4."(.8&*",(8&%/W*$.#%'*0%*4#&48/,-."W*'./%#/W*
$)R)(,-."TTTT*
L’Individuel#et#le#Collec8f<*b*/57.::%*'%8/*%'(*$8/")&,2/%W*#/*'%*&,o,47%*L*8"*R&.8C%*4%*P8#*%"(&,#"%*0%'*4."(&,#"(%'*
0%*0#'4#C/#"%*%(*05.&R,"#',-."O*%"*)47,"R%*#/*%'(*,''8&)*4."(&%*/,*$#./%"4%W*/,*:,/,0#%W*/,*_,#:T*+/*C%8(*'."R%&*L*
,:)/#.&%&*'."*/.R#'*%(*,''.8$#&*'."*2%'.#"*C&._."0*0%*$#%*'.4#,/%TT*c*
La#situa8on#Economique<*/%'*&%''.8&4%'*0%*/,*1)R#."*'."(*%''%"-%//%'*C.8&*/%*_."4-.""%:%"(*058"%*$#//%T*
La#situa8on#poli8que#et#le#système#administra8fT*
Les#Circonstances#par8culières#P8#*."(*0)(%&:#")*/%'*4,&,4(K&%'*0%*/,*$#//%<*0)_%"'%*:#/#(,#&%W*0)4.8$%&(%'*
'4#%"-MP8%'W*,0:#"#'(&,-."'*'844%''#$%'W*0)$%/.CC%:%"(*C&.R&%''#_*0%'*4.::8"#4,-."'*%(*0%'*:.>%"'*0%*
(&,"'C.&(*V&.8(%'W*47%:#"'*0%*_%&W*,$#,-."W*2,(%,8QTTXO*b*/57#'(.#&%*0%'*$#//%'*%'(*#"'4&#(%*0,"'*/%'*(&,4)'*%(*/%'*
,&47#(%4(8&%'*0%'*$#//%'T*D%*P8#*%"*'82'#'(%*_.&:%*/%*M/*4."084(%8&*P8#W*m.#"(*,8Q*(%Q(%'*%(*0.48:%"('*R&,C7#P8%'W*
C%&:%(*0%*'%*&%C&)'%"(%&*/%'*#:,R%'*'844%''#$%'*08*C,'')T*c*
Les#raisons#qui#président#au#développement#des#villes#sont#soumises#à#des#changements#con8nuelsO*4&.#'',"4%*.8*
0)4&.#'',"4%*0%*/,*C.C8/,-."W*C&.'C)&#()W*0)4,0%"4%W*".8$%,8Q*:.>%"'*0%*4.::8"#4,-."W*,CC,&#-."*0%'*
:,47#"%'TTT*
L’avènement#de#l’ère#«#machiniste#»*,*C&.$.P8)*05#::%"'%'*C%&(8&2,-."'*0,"'*/%*4.:C.&(%:%"(*0%'*7.::%'W*/%8&*
&)C,&--."*'8&*/,*(%&&%W*0,"'*/%8&'*%"(&%C&#'%'*,$%4*8"*:.8$%:%"(*#&&)_&)")*0%*4."4%"(&,-."*0,"'*/%'*$#//%'O*b**/%*
47,.'*%'(*%"(&)*0,"'*/%'*$#//%'W*:,/,0#%'W*0)47),"4%W*&)$./(%'TT*cT*
3(,(*,4(8%/*0%'*$#//%'<*4&#-P8%'*%(*&%:K0%'*
@,*D7,&(%*,2.&0%*#4#W*%"*:,-K&%*05=,2#(,-."W*".(,::%"(*0,"'*/%'*".>,8Q*7#'(.&#P8%'*,#"'#*P8%*0,"'*4%&(,#"%'*
j."%'*#"08'(&#%//%'*W*/%'*(&K'*_.&(%'*0%"'#()'*VN*ggg*L*N*pgg*7,2#(,"('*r*=,X*08%'*L*0%'*2s-:%"('*0%*_,#2/%*7,8(%8&W*
0%'*'8&_,4%'*7,2#(,2/%'*%Q(&q:%:%"(*:.0%'(%'W*,2'%"4%*0%*/8:#K&%W*05%"'./%#//%:%"(*%(*05,)&,-."W*C&)'%"4%*0%*
b*R%&:%'*:.&2#0%'*cW*,2'%"4%*0%*',"#(,#&%'W*,2'%"4%*05%'C,4%'*$%&('W*)(&.#(%''%*0%'*&8%'W*4."4%"(&,-."*0%*
C.C8/,-."'*,8Q*&%$%"8'*:.0%'(%'W*/%'*P8,&-%&'*/%'*C/8'*0%"'%'*'."(*'#(8)'*0,"'*/%'*'#(%'*/%'*:.#"'*_,$.&#')'*
V$%&',"('*:,/*.&#%"()'W*'%4(%8&'*'.8:#'*,8**2&.8#//,&0*W*,8Q*R,j*#"08'(&#%/'TTXW*L*/5#"$%&'%*/%'*7,2#(,-."'*,#')%'*'."(*
,)&)%'W*.448C%"(*/%'*'#(%'*/%'*C/8'*_,$.&#')'*VL*/5,2&#*0%'*$%"('*7.'-/%'W*m.8#'',"(*0%*2%//%'*$8%'*%(*2#%"*%"'./%#//)%'X*W*
,2'%"4%*0%*/)R#'/,-."*4."4%&","(*/%'*4."0#-."'*057,2#(,(*:.0%&"%T*
Z.8&*/%*D+6B*056(7K"%'W*/%*9./%#/W*/53'C,4%*%(*/,*A%&08&%*'."(*/%'*h*C&%:#%&'*:,()&#,8Q*0%*/58&2,"#':%T*
@%*t.",R%W*'#*47%&*,8Q*D+6BW*C%&:%(*05,o&#28%&*L*47,P8%*_."4-."*%(*L*47,P8%*#"0#$#08*',*m8'(%*C/,4%O*#/'*4."'#0K&%"(*
P8%*/%'*0#S)&%"(%'*,4-$#()'*78:,#"%'*&)4/,:%"(*47,48"%*/%8&*%'C,4%*C,&-48/#%&<*=,2#(,-."W*8"#()'*+"08'(&#%//%'W*
D.::%&4%'W*@.#'#&'TTT*3"*.8(&%*#/*"%*_,8(*C/8'*&)'%&$%&*/%'*2.""%'*4."0#-."'*057,2#(,-."*P85,8Q*C/8'*,#')'T*+/*_,8(*
8"%*b*/)R#'/,-."**#:C/,4,2/%*cW*8"%*4%&(,#"%*P8,/#()*0%*b*J#%"*q(&%*cW*,44%''#2/%*L*47,48"*7.&'*0%*(.8(%*P8%'-."*
05,&R%"(TTT*
+/*_,8(*,o&#28%&*L*/57,2#(,-."*%(*L*/,*D#&48/,-."*0%'*j."%'*#"0)C%"0,"(%'*C.8&*)$#(%&*/%'*"8#',"4%'*V2&8#('W*
C.8''#K&%'W*R,jTTXO*/,*:,#'."*"%*0.#(*C/8'*q(&%*b*'.80)%*c*L*/,*&8%*C,&*/%*(&.o.#&*V4&#-P8%*0%*/5,/#R"%:%"(XW*%//%*0.#(*'%*
0&%''%&*0,"'*'."*:#/#%8*C&.C&%*.u*%//%*m.8#&,*0%*'./%#/W*05,#&*C8&*%(*0%*'#/%"4%T*I%'*C,&4.8&'*/%"('*C.8&*/%'*C#)(."'*%(*
&,C#0%'*C.8&*/%'*$.#(8&%'*0.#$%"(*q(&%*C&.C.')'T*
@5=,2#(,-."*0.#(*q(&%*,44.:C,R")%*0%*9%&$#4%'*%(*053P8#C%:%"('*D.//%4-_'<*4.::%&4%'W*'%&$#4%'*:)0#4,8QW*4&K47%'W*
:,(%&"%//%'W*)4./%'W*.&R,"#',-."'*#"(%//%4(8%//%'*%(*'C.&-$%'T*@%'*)4./%'*0.#$%"(*'#(8)%'*L*C&.Q#:#()*0%'*7,2#(,-."'*
C.8&*)$#(%&*,8Q*%"_,"('*b*/%'*C)&#/'*0%*/,*&8%*cT*
+/'*)$.P8%"(*/,*P8%'-."*0%'*J,"/#%8%'W*,:)",R)%'*',"'*C/,"'*%(*',"'*/#,#'."*b*".&:,/%*c*,$%4*/,*$#//%O**
********/%'*D#()'*e,&0#"'*'."(*C.8&*%8Q*0%'*b*C,&,0#'*#//8'.#&%'W*0%'*'./8-."'*#&&,-.""%//%'*c*
1 / 40 100%
La catégorie de ce document est-elle correcte?
Merci pour votre participation!

Faire une suggestion

Avez-vous trouvé des erreurs dans linterface ou les textes ? Ou savez-vous comment améliorer linterface utilisateur de StudyLib ? Nhésitez pas à envoyer vos suggestions. Cest très important pour nous !