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M2
M1
S
S
l1S
M1l2M2
S
δ
x1= 2l1+λ
2
x2= 2l2+λ
2
⇒δ=|x1−x2|= 2|l1−l2|
λ/2
δ= (2p+ 1)λ/2δ=pλ p ∈N

δ
|l1−l2|=δ
S1S2S2δ
M
M
M’
S
S
S
S’
’
2
1
2
1
2
O P
D
r
2δ
δ
P r
∆ = |S1P−S2P|=pr2+ (D+δ)2−pr2+ (D−δ)2= 2δ1−r2
2D2+Oδ3 D2
A=A1+A2
=A0ei(kx−ωt)+A0ei(k(x+∆)−ωt)=A0ei(kx−ωt)1 + eik∆
I= 4 cos2φ
2∝ AA∗
φ≡2π∆/λ
φ= 2π∆/λ
∆r
∆ = pλ p ∈N
rclair
p=Ds21−pλ
2δ
∆ = (2p+ 1)λ/2p∈N
rsombre
p=Dv
u
u
t2 1−p+1
2λ
2δ!
p
p0
p0=2δ
λ

rclair
p=Dr2p0−p
p0
rsombre
p=Dr2−2p+ 1
p0
p≤p0p≤2p0−1
δ > 0
p= 0
rclair
max =D√2
rsombre
max =Dr2−1
2p0
δ > 0⇒p0>0
∆λ/2
r= 0 ∆ = 2δ
M2
M2
N
M2λ
2(AB)
1+2
1
22
1+2
1+2
A
B
M1
M2
d
A1
B2
θθr
2(AB)
M1
2(AB)
λ
δ λ δ = 0
p0= 0
δ= 0 p= 0
S1S2
M′
2

d
1+2 (inc)
1i+1r
2i+2r
A
B
A’
B’
C
S
C
d
1+2 (transmis)
M2
M1
A′B′//AC (AB) = (AC) = (A′B′)
M1
δ6= 0

1 2 1
5
2
5
2
1 2 1
√N
n n = 0
vmoteur µm −1