Richardiana int.8-1

Richardiana
Volume IX(2) – avril 2009

Directeur de la publication
Dr. Guy Chiron
Comité scientifique
Prof. Georges Barale, Université de Lyon (France)
Prof. Dr. Guido Braem, California Academy of Science (USA)
Phillip Seaton, président de l’OSG « Ex situ Conservation » (Grande Bretagne)
Comité de rédaction
Bellone, Roger (France)
Castro Neto, Vitorino P. (Brésil)
Chiron, Guy R. (France)
Richardiana‚ est une revue trimestrielle francophone, consacrée aux
Orchidées, et éditée par
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Copyright Tropicalia 2009
Tous droits de reproduction, par quelque moyen que ce soit, réservés.
ISSN : 1626-3596
Commission paritaire : 0108G80496
Dépôt légal avril 2009
Impression : Imprimerie des Ecureuils – 38610 GIERES
numéro achevé d’imprimer le 24 mars 2009

Four new species of Maxillaria from
Colombia and Peru and two less
from Ecuador1
Eric A. Christenson
Keywords: Colombia, Peru, Maxillaria,Heterotaxis,Inti,Ornithid ium ,
Orchidaceae.
Abstract
Four new species of Maxillaria are described. Maxillaria angelae E. A.
Christenson, M.janiceae E. A. Christenson and M. misasii E. A. Christenson
are endemic to the Choco in Colombia and M. foetida D. E. Bennett & E. A.
Christenson is recorded from Colombia and Peru. Maxillaria napoensis
Dodson is reduced to a synonym of M. cornuta C. Schweinfurth and
M. w illiam sii Dodson is reduced to a synonym of M. nane galensis
Reichenbach f.
Résumé
Quatre espèces nouvelles de Maxillaria de Colombie et du Pérou et deux
de moins pour l’Equateur – Quatre nouvelles espèces de Maxillaria sont
décrites : Maxillaria angelae E. A. Christenson, M.janiceae E. A. Christenson
et M. misasii E. A. Christenson sont endémiques de Colombie tandis que
M. foetida D. E. Bennett & E. A. Christenson est attesté en Colombie et au
Pérou. Maxillaria napoensis Dodson est réduit à un synonyme de M. cornuta
C. Schweinfurth et M. williamsii Dodson à un synonyme de M. nanegalensis
Reichenbach f.
RichardianaIX (2) – avril 2009 49
1manuscrit reçu le 28 décembre 2008, accepté le 4 février 2009.

Richardiana50 IX (2) – avril 2009
Introduction
In writing a book on the genus Maxillaria many undescribed species have
been identified. I take this opportunity to describe three new species from the
Colombian Choco based on the superb effort by Guillermo Misas Urreta
(2005). One of these, M. janiceae Christenson, is a member of Maxillaria
section Polyphyllae Christenson. In addition, I describe a fourth species,
from Colombia and Peru, also in Maxillaria section Polyphyllae, thereby
doubling the number of species in the section. Finally, from Ecuador,
M.napoensis Dodson was found to be a synonym of the earlier M. cornuta
C. Schweinfurth and M. williamsii Dodson was found to be a synonym of the
earlier M. nanegalensis Reichenbach f.
Maxillaria angelae Christenson, sp. nov.
TYPE: COLOMBIA. Chocó, Serranía del Baudó, 100 m, G. Misas U. 169
(holotype: HPUJ)
Species haec Maxillaria crassifolia Rchb.f. similis sed foliis attenuatis, pede
elongato, sepalis petalisque acuminatis differt.
Caespitose epiphytes described as semipendulous. Pseudobulbs ellipsoid,
strongly compressed, to 7 cm long, subtended by two pairs of foliaceous
bracts, the bracts subsimilar but shorter than the leaves. Leaves one, linear,
long attenuate, sharply acute, to 40 xca. 3 cm. Inflorescences subsessile
scapes, the floral bracts linear-lanceolate, long-acuminate, about 1/3 the
length of the ovaries. Flowers cupped, facing upward, the sepals and petals
yellow, the lip purple, the anterior callus stark white, the column white, the
anther cream-colored. Dorsal sepal elliptic-lanceolate, acuminate, ca. 2.5 x0.8
cm, the lateral sepals triangular-lanceolate, acute-subacuminate, somewhat
divergent, ca. 2.8 x0.9 cm. Petals very narrowly elliptic-lanceolate,
acuminate, ca. 1.9 x0.5 cm. Lip unlobed, rhombic-lanceolate, bluntly
subacute, ca. 1.9 x0.9 cm, the lateral margins sublobulate, suberect-incurved,
the callus biseriate, the posterior callus from the base of the lip to the middle,
the anterior callus elliptic, +/- the apical 1/3 of the lip. Column slender,
clavate, ca. 0.7 cm long, the foot conspicuous, ca. 0.2 cm long, the
clinandrium smooth, the anther unadorned, the pollinia 4, compressed, in
two unequal pairs, sessile on a rhombic viscidium.
Christenson - Four new species of Maxillaria

Etymology: Named for Angela Misas, wife of Guillermo Misas Urreta, for
her contributions to our understanding Colombian orchids.
Maxillaria angelae is a sister species to M. crassifolia Reichenbach f., having
similar flower coloration and biseriate callus. It differs by having long-
attenuate leaves, a conspicuously elongate column foot, and acuminate
sepals and petals. Maxillaria angelae is also similar to M. superflua
Reichenbach f. but that species has broader leaves that are bilobed at the
apex and a velutinous anther. Misas published a line drawing and color
photograph of M.angelae in his book as an unidentified species (pp. 394-
395). He notes that it is very scarce in nature and that he has only collected
the species twice.
Maxillaria angelae is a member of Maxillaria section Irid ifoliae Pfitzer
(Christenson, 2002) which some authors recognize as the distinct genus
Hetero taxis Lindley (Ojeda et al., 2005).
Maxillaria misasii Christenson, sp. nov.
TYPE: COLOMBIA. Chocó, Serranía del Baudó, 100 m, G. Misas U. 161
(holotype: HPUJ)
Species haec Maxillaria co nduplicata (Ames et Schw einf.) L. O. Wms.
sim ilis se d p lantis p arvio rib us, b ra cte is flo rum m a jo rib us, flo rib us
co lo ribus, p etalis brevioribus d iffert.
Miniature, laxly pendent epiphytes rooting at the base. Rhizomes elongate,
concealed by foliaceous bracts, the blades soon deciduous. Pseudobulbs
ellipsoid, lightly compressed, to ca. 1.5 x0.8 cm, subtended by foliaceous
bracts, separated by rhizome segments to ca. 5 cm long. Leaves one,
ligulate, obliquely bilobed, strongly conduplicate, to ca. 3.5 x0.6 cm.
Inflorescences numerous, sessile, from the axils of foliaceous bracts
associated with new growth, the floral bracts conspicuous, much longer
than the ovaries, cupping the back of the flower, to ca. 7 mm long. Flowers
campanulate, dark burgundy with scattered translucent spots. Sepals
elliptic, obtuse, concave, the dorsal sepal ca. 5 x3 mm, the lateral sepals ca.
4x2 mm. Petals elliptic, broadly obtuse-rounded, ca. 3 x2 mm. Lip
obscurely 3-lobulate, pandurate, constricted about 1/3 from the base, ca.
5x3 mm, shallowly subsaccate at the base defined by the erect-incurved
RichardianaIX (2) – avril 2009 51
Christenson - Four new species of Maxillaria