Le photon

ν
E=hν =hc
λ
h= 6,62.10−34 E
−1
λ
E(cm−1) = 107
λ(nm)
−1
(λ= 1µm)≡1
λ= 10000cm−1
1cm−1≡30GHz(= c/10−2)
1eV ≡8065cm−1

1eV ≡1240nm
kBT≡209cm−1(T= 300Kelvin)
µm

c c
Ox
0z~ k
~
E=E0cos(ωt −kz)~ux
~
B=B0cos(ωt −kz)~uy
B0=E0/c
q q
<~ F >=q < ~ E > +q < ~v ×~ B >
<>
0x ~v 'v~ux
0z
<~ F >=q < v
cE > ~uz
Fz~uz
~
k
<dW
dt >=<~
F .~v >=q < ~ E.~v > +q < ~v.(~v ×~ B)>
<dW
dt >=q < ~
E.~v >=
<dW
dt >=c < Fz>

Fz=dpz
dt c
ν
hν
p=hν/c p =h/λ
~
k
~p = ¯h~ k
W
∆t d
P
×
P= 2 W
∆t
1
c
4
πd2
P= 6.108
6

τ∼
−9 7
¯h~ k
¯h~ k0~ k0
~
∆p= ¯h~ k
∆t
~
F=~
∆p
∆t∼¯h~
k
τ
F∼h
λ×1 τ
F∼4.10−20
−27