Cependant les solutions d’acides aminés peuvent entraîner
une acidose métabolique et une augmentation de l’urée sanguine
qui peuvent être préjudiciables à l’état nutritionnel du patient.24
Dans un travail comparant une solution contenant 40 mmol/l de
lactate à un dialysat à 35 mmol/l, il a été montré que l’amélioration
de la bicarbonatémie était associée à un gain de poids significatif à
l’issue d’une période de traitement de douze mois.25 Les solutions
dont le tampon est constitué de bicarbonate et de lactate permet-
tent une correction supérieure de l’acidose métabolique.26 Ce type
de solution peut être associé au dialysat contenant des acides ami-
nés pour améliorer le contrôle de l’équilibre acido-basique
■Conclusion
La dénutrition est fréquente et grave chez le patient traité
par dialyse péritonéale. La prévention de cette complication
passe par une initiation plus précoce de la dialyse, un contrôle de
la dose de dialyse, du bilan hydrosodé et par une amélioration de
la biocompatibilté des solutions.
Adresse de correspondance:
Dr Thierry Lobbedez
Service de néphrologie, dialyse et transplantation rénale
CHU Clémenceau
114, avenue G. Clémenceau
F-14033 Caen Cedex
1. Young GA, Kopple JD, Lindholm B, Vonesh EF, De Vecchi A, Scalamogna
A, Castelnova C, Oreopoulos DG, Anderson GH, Bergstom J, DiChiro J,
Gentile D, Nissenson A, Sakhrani L, Brownjohn AM, Nolph KD, Prowant
BF, Algrim CE, Martis L, Sertes KD. Nutritionnal assessment of continuous
ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients: An international study. Am J Kid-
ney Diseases 1991; 17: 462-71.
2. CANADA-USA (CANUSA) peritoneal dialysis study group. Adequacy of
dialysis and nutrition in continuous peritoneal dialysis: Association with
clinical outcome. J Am Soc Nephrol 1996; 7 : 198-207.
3. Stenvinkel P, Chung SH, Heimburger O, Lindholm B. Malnutrition, inflam-
mation, and atherosclerosis in peritoneal dialysis patients. Perit Dial Int
2001; 21 (Suppl. 3) : 157S-62S.
4. Ducloux D, Bresson-Vautrin C, Kribs M, Abdelfatah A, Chalopin JM. C-
reactive protein and cardiovascular disease in peritoneal dialysis patients.
Kidney Int 2002; 62 : 1417-22.
5. Bolton CH, Downs LG, Victory JG, Dwight JF, Thomson CR, Mackness MI,
Pinkney JH. Endothelial dysfunction in chronic renal failure: Roles of lipo-
protein oxidation and pro-inflammatory cytokines. Nephrol Dial Trans-
plant 2001; 16 : 1189-97.
6. Chung SH, Stenvinkel P, Bergstrom J, Linholm B. Biocompatibility of new
peritoneal dialysis solutions: What can we hope to achieve ? Perit Dial Int
2000; 20 (Suppl. 5) : 57S-67S.
7. Cooker LA, Luneburg P, Holmes CJ, Jones S, Topley N. Interleukin 6 levels
decrease in effluent from patients dialyzed with bicarbonate lactate
based peritoneal dialysis solutions. Perit Dial Int 2001; 21 (Suppl. 3) :
102S-7S.
8. Pecoits Filho-R, Araujo MRT, Lindholm B, Stenvinkel P, Abensur H, Romao
JE, Marcondes AH, Freira de Oliveira AH, Noronha IL. Plasma and dialy-
sate IL-6 and VEGF concentrations are associated with high peritoneal
solute transport rate. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2002 ; 17:1480-6.
9. Bergstrom J, Lindholm B. Malnutrition, cardiac disease and mortality.
Perit Dial Int 1999; 19 (Suppl. 2) : 309S-14S.
10. Ates K, Nergizoglu G, Keven K, Sen A, Kutlay S, Erturk S, Duman N, Kara-
tan O, Ergun E. Effect of fluid and sodium removal on mortality in perito-
neal dialysis patients. Kidney Int 2001; 60 : 767-76.
11. Plum J, Gentile S, Verger C, Brunkhorst R, Bahner U, Faller B, Peeters J,
Freida P, Struijk DG, Krediet RT, Grabensee B, Tranaeus A, Divino Filho JC.
Efficacy and safety of a 7,5% icodextrin peritoneal dialysis solution in
patients treated with automated peritoneal dialysis. Am J Kidney Diseases
2002; 39 : 862-71.
12. Cooker LA, Holmes CJ, Hoff CM. Biocompatibility of icodextrin. Kidney
Int 2002; 62 (Suppl. 81) : 34S-5S.
13. Tsutamoto T, Wada A, Maeda K, Mabuchi N, Hayashi M, Tsutsui T, et al.
Angiotesin II type 1 receptor antagonist decreases plasma levels of tumor
necrosis factor alpha, interleukin 6 and soluble adhesion molecules in
patient with chronic heart failure. J Am Coll Cardiol 2000; 35 : 714-21.
14. Albert MA, Danielsson E, Rifai N, Ridker PM. Effect of statin therapy on C-
reactive protein levels: The pravastatin inflammation CRP evaluation : A
randomized trial and cohort study. JAMA 2001; 286 : 64-70.
15. Mc Cusker FX, Teehan BP, Thorpe KE, Keshaviah PR, Churchil DN. How
much peritoneal dialysis is required for the maintenance of a good nutri-
tional state? Kidney Int 1996 ; 50 (Suppl. 56): 56S-61S.
16. Churchill DN. An evidence approach to earlier initiation of dialysis. Am J
Kidney Diseases 1997; 30 : 899-906.
17. Jones MR. Etiology of severe malnutrition: Results of an international
cross-sectional study in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis
patients. Am J Kidney Diseases 1994; 23 : 412-20.
18. Wang AY, Sea MM, Ip R, Law MC, Chow KM, Lui SF, Li PK, Woo J. Indepen-
dant effects of residual renal function and dialysis adequaccy on actual die-
tary protein, calorie, and other nutrient intake in patients on continuous
ambulatory peritoneal dialysis. J Am Soc Nephrol 2001; 12 : 2450-7.
19. Wang T, Heimburger O, Bergstrom J, Lindholm B. Nutritional problems in
peritoneal patients: An overview. Perit Dial Int 1999; 19 (Suppl. 2) : 297S-
303S.
20. Van Vlem BA, Scoonjans RS, Struijk DG, Verbanck JJ, Vanholder RC, Van
Biesen WV, Lefebvre RA, De Vos MP, Lameire NH. Influence of dialysate on
gastric emptiying time in peritoneal dialysis patients. Perit Dial Int 2002;
22: 32-8.
21. Stenvinkel P, Barany P, Heimburger O, Pecoits-Filho R, Lindholm B. Morta-
lity, malnutrition, and atherosclerosis in ESRDS : What is the role of inter-
leukin 6. Kidney Int 2002; 61 (Suppl. 80) : 103S-8S.
22. Szeto CC, Law MC, Yuk-Hwa Wong T, Leung CB, Tao Li PK. Peritoneal
transport status correlates with morbidity but not longitudinal change of
nutritional status of continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis patients:
A 2 years prospective study. Am J Kidney Diseases 2001; 37 : 329-36.
23. Passlick-Deejten J, Pischetsrieder M, Witowski J, Bender TO, Jorres A, Lage
C. In vitro superiority of dual chambered peritoneal dialysis solution with
possible clinical benefits. Perit Dial Int 2001; 21 (Suppl. 3) : 96S-101S.
24. Jones M, Hagen P, Algrim Boyle C, Vonesh E, Hamburger R, Charytan C,
et al. Treatment of malnutrition with 1,1% amino acid peritoneal dialysis
solution: Results of a multicenter outpatient sudy. Am J Kidney Disease
1998; 32 : 761-9.
25. Stein A, Moorhouse J, Iles-Smith H, Baker F, Johstone J, James G, et al.
Role of an improvement in acid-base status and nutrition in CAPD
patient. Kidney Int 1997; 52 :1089-95.
26. Carrasco AM, Rubio MA, Sanchez Tommero JA, Fernandez Giron F, Gon-
zales Rico M, del Peso Gilsanz G, Fernandez Perpen A, Ramon RG, Bueno
IF, Tranaeus A, Faict D, Hopwood A. Acidosis correction with a new 25
mmol/l bicarbonate/15 mmol/l lactate peritoneal dialysis solution. Perit
Dial Int 2001; 21 : 546-63.
session IV
Néphrologie Vol. 24 n° 7 2003 389
Références