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31
N° 28,mai2009
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Travauxetdocuments
Entre dissimulation, exposition et mise en danger des corps dans l’espace urbain,
le répertoire d’action des sans-papiers ‘musulmans’ à Paris
32
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q;=DMA<=D9 FW?G;A9LAGF <= D9 EG:ADAK9LAGF <=KKGM
LA=FK<=Do9HH=DTDoGHAFAGFHM:DAIM=6h7IMA>9AL9HH=DT
DoA<W=<oAJJWN=JKA:D=E9AKIMA<A>>XJ=D=H9KK9?=TDoAJJW
N=JKA:D= g .AEW9FL  =K ?JXN=K KoAFK;JAN=FL
<9FK<=KHJ9LAIM=K<=DMLL=EG:ADAK9FL<=KJWH=JLGAJ=K
IMoGJ?9F=i.e. >GJ;=;GJHGJ=DD=>GJ;=<=LJ9N9AD 9N9FL
<oYLJ=MFf;GJHK:AGDG?AIM=<A>>WJ=FL<=K9MLJ=K;GJHKg
=HDMK<9FKD=;9<J=<=KK;A=F;=KHGDALAIM=KD=KLJ9
N9MP <= %G@9FF9 .AEW9FL  KMJ D= J=;GMJK 9MP
?JXN=K <= D9 >9AE <=K K9FKH9HA=JK =L KMJ <o9MLJ=K
>GJE=K f MDLAE=K g <o=F?9?=E=FL <M ;GJHK <= ;=K
EA?J9FLKGFL;GF<MALTH=FK=JD=MJKHJ9LAIM=K;GEE=
<=KJWH=JLGAJ=K<o9;LAGFHGDALAIM=f>9ML=<=EA=MPg
'oWE=J?=F;=JW;=FL=<9FKD=KK;A=F;=KKG;A9D=K<=
Do9F9DQK= <=K DG?AIM=K <o9;LAGF IMA Ko9HHMA=FL KMJ D=
;GJHK Ko=KL 9;;GEH9?FW= <oMF= EMDLAHDA;ALW <o9HHJG
;@=K Fl’exposition de la personne dans l’enga-
gement public 9>9ALDoG:B=L<oMFGMNJ9?=;GDD=;LA>$GF=L
+=JGFAIMA WL9Q=D=KAFN=KLAKK=E=FLK<=KMB=LK
AF<ANA<M=DK=L;GDD=;LA>KK9FKIM=Do9F9DQK=<M;GJHKFoQ
>A?MJ= NWJAL9:D=E=FL F <WHAL <oMF= ;GFLJA:MLAGF <=
%9;IM=K -GMP  KMJ D9 KALM9LAGF <= ?JXN= <= D9
>9AE<9FKD9IM=DD=ADE=L Do9;;=FLKMJ MF=DW?ALAE9LAGF
HM:DAIM=<oMF=f9;LAGF<=KGAKMJKGAg;=LGMNJ9?=K=
KALM= <9FK D= KADD9?= <oMF= LJ9<ALAGF KG;AGDG?AIM= IMA
FW?DA?=D=KL9;LAIM=KKMK;=HLA:D=K<oYLJ=EG:ADAKW=KH9J
<=K9;L=MJK=F;@9AJ=L=FGK
9FKKGF9F9DQK=<=KKLJ9LW?A=KAF<ANA<M=DD=K<o=P
HGKALAGF<=D9EAKXJ=;GJHGJ=DD==L<=K=KWN=FLM=DD=K
H9L@GDG?A=K ;@=R D=K <=E9F<=MJK <o9KAD= <W:GMLWK
A<A=J!9KKAFEGFLJ=Do=>>A;9;ALWKG;A9D=<oMFLJ9
N9AD<=KMHHDAIM=KN=J:9D=K=LFGFN=J:9D=K9<J=KKW=K
T D9 HJW>=;LMJ= <9FK DoG:B=;LA> <oG:L=FAJ <=K LALJ=K <=
KWBGMJHGMJEGLA> @ME9FAL9AJ= !9KKAF>9ALMF9JJYLKMJ
AE9?=KMJ<=KF9JJ9LAGFK<=KGAJ=D9LAN=KT<=KAF<ANA<MK
<GFLD9<GEAF9LAGFKG;A9D=F=FGMKH9J9\LH9K;GEHDX
L=E=FL 9;IMAK= = KGFL <=K KMB=LK 9?AKK9FLK  KoADK
E9FAHMD=FL D9 NAGD=F;= GM D9 E9D9<A= KM:A= H9J D=MJ
;GJHK ;o=KL IMoADK GFL 9<GHLW D= D9F?9?= <= ;= f IMA
FGMK =KL <=N=FM D= HDMK AFKMHHGJL9:D= g !9KKAF =L
GMJ<=D9AK'GAF<=E9FA>=KL=JMF=DG?AIM=NA;LA
E9AJ=;=K9;L=MJK9DDG?XF=KKo=EH9J=FL<MJ=LGMJF=
E=FL<ML@XE=<=D9KW;MJALWIMA;GEE=D=J=E9JIM=FL
!9KKAF=LGMJ<=D9AK9;GF<MALTLJ9FK>GJE=J9M
FAN=9MF9LAGF9D=LAFL=JF9LAGF9DD=KK=FLAE=FLK<oAFBMK
LA;==L<=;GEH9KKAGF=FfFW;=KKALW<=HJGL=;LAGF<=
KGAg;GFLJ=;=LL=9DLWJALWLJ9FK>GJEW==FE=F9;=
=K <AP <=JFAXJ=K 9FFW=K D9 HJG?J=KKAGF <M
FGE:J= <= EA?J9FLK =F?9?WK <9FK D=K ;GDD=;LA>K <=
K9FKH9HA=JK9HMD=KHGMKK=JT<=K>GJE=KfMDLAE=Kg
<o=F?9?=E=FL?JXN=K<=D9>9AE9MLGEMLAD9LAGFFGL9E
E=FL IMA E9JIM=FL D= ;GJHK H9J MF= NAGD=F;= H@Q

E
E s o
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N° 28,mai2009
Entre dissimulation, exposition et mise en danger des corps dans l’espace urbain,
le répertoire d’action des sans-papiers ‘musulmans’ à Paris
33
E=FLH9JEAD=KHJ9LAIM9FLKD9HJGHGJLAGF<=EA?J9FLK
 H9J>GAK FGMN=DD=E=FL 9JJANWK =F !J9F;=  =KL 9KK=R
WD=NW=<M;`LW<=KGJA?AF9AJ=K<=H9QK<o MJGH=<=Do KL
=L <= H9QK FGF=MJGHW=FK=JF9J<"G<9J<=L.QDNA=
/9MKKA?9AFKAIM=%GF9L@9F'9MJ=F;==L%MKLAF
19]KK=KGMDA?F=FL=F=>>=LIM=Do9M?E=FL9LAGF
;GFKL9FL=<MFGE:J=<=EMKMDE9FK=F!J9F;=<WH=F<
HJAF;AH9D=E=FL <= DoAEEA?J9LAGF JW?MDAXJ= J=?JGMH=
E=FL>9EADA9D=LE9JA9?=9JJANW=<=LJ9N9ADD=MJKIM9DA>AWK
=L <=E9F<=MJK <o9KAD= =L <= DoAEEA?J9LAGF AJJW?MDAXJ=
=DD=;A E9AFLA=F<J9AL MF= HGHMD9LAGF ;GFKL9FL=
9FFM=DD= <= HDMK <=   EA?J9FL=K K9FK LALJ= <=
KWBGMJGJA?AF9AJ=KFGL9EE=FL<oKA= =L<o>JAIM= ;=F
LJ9D=9FKKGF9F9DQK=;JALAIM=<=D9<AKLAF;LAGF=FLJ=
D=KEA?J9FLKJW?MDA=JKIMoAD>9M<J9ALAFLW?J=J=LD=KAJJW
?MDA=JKFGF9<EAKTKWBGMJF=JKMJD=L=JJALGAJ=F9LAGF9D
)9L@9DA=!=JJW5=?@9D9EGFLJW<=HMAK
DGF?L=EHKD9EMDLAHDA;ALW<=K;@=EAFKIMAEXF=FL9MP
KALM9LAGFK9<EAFAKLJ9LAN=KAJJW?MDAXJ=K<GFLFGL9EE=FL
D9HJW;9JAK9LAGF<=KJWKA<=FLKHGL=FLA=DK=HDMKD9DGA
KMJD9E9\LJAK=<=DoAEEA?J9LAGF<MFGN=E:J=
KMHHJAE= Do9;;XK <= HD=AF <JGAL T D9 ;9JL= <= JWKA<=FL
HGMJHDMKA=MJK;9LW?GJA=K<oWLJ9F?=JK=LKM:GJ<GFF=D9
<WDANJ9F;=<=;=LL=;9JL=TMF=JW=DD=NGDGFLW<oAFLW?J9
LAGF
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LAIM= <GM:D= E9AK 9KQEWLJAIM= <= DoAKD9E D= !(
 IMANGALD=BGMJ=F9NJADAEHDAIM=<oMF;`LWD9
J=;GFF9AKK9F;=<=D9HJWK=F;=<=DoAKD9EH9JD9-WHM
:DAIM==L<=Do9MLJ=Do9;;=HL9LAGF<=D9H9JL<=KJ=HJW
K=FL9FLK<M;MDL=<=KDGAK<=D9-WHM:DAIM==FH9JLA;M
DA=J <M HJAF;AH= <= D9 D9];ALW M HJ=EA=J 9:GJ< DoGF
HGMJJ9AL <GF; H=FK=J IM= DoAKD9E =KL DGAF <= HGMNGAJ
;GFKLALM=J MF= J=KKGMJ;= <= EG:ADAK9LAGF HGMJ ;=K
EA?J9FLK IMA ?DAKK=FL <9FK DoAJJW?MD9JALW =L HGMJ LGMK
;=MP IMA H9JLA;AH=FL 9MP ;GDD=;LA>K <= K9FKH9HA=JK
+9JEALGMKD=KEMKMDE9FKIMAK=LJGMN=FL=F!J9F;=
=FHDMK<=K!J9FV9AK;GFN=JLAK=L<=K!J9FV9AK<=K;=F
<9FLK<=EA?J9FLKK=LJGMN=FL<=KEA?J9FLKIMAHGMJ
J9A=FL <=N=FAJ AJJW?MDA=JK IMA D= KGFL <=N=FMK GM IMA
KGFL<WHGMJNMK<=LALJ=<=KWBGMJ<=HMAKD=MJ9JJANW==F
<o9;LAGF 9FLWJA=MJ=E=FL ;GFKLALMWK E9AK =DD=K J=HJW
K=FL=FL W?9D=E=FL D9 ;DW <= ;GEHJW@=FKAGF <= D9
E9FAXJ= <GFL D= ;GJHK =KL <=N=FM MF WDWE=FL AFLJAF
KXIM=<MEGMN=E=FL<=KK9FKH9HA=JK=F!J9F;==
IMAKo=KLBGMW<9FKD=KG;;MH9LAGFKJW;=FL=K<=EGK
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 (  &$ % de $  & %
en $  &  $D"$&!$ N&! %
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;=FKWK<AKKM9<=JD=KEA?J9FLKNAJLM=DKGFL>AFAH9JHJW
;9JAK=J D=K AEEA?JWK JW=DK BMKIMoT J=F<J= f ;D9F<=K
LAFKgKMJHD9;=<=KH=JKGFF=KIMA<AKHGK9A=FL9MH9
J9N9FL<oMF=EHDGA<oMFLALJ=<=KWBGMJ<oMF<GEA;AD=
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@WJ=F;=K<=D9DGA<=KKALM9LAGFK9<EAFAKLJ9LAN=KAJJW
?MDAXJ=K HJWK=FL9FL D=K EYE=K ;9J9;LWJAKLAIM=K KGFL
J9J=E=FL JWKGDM=K H9J D=K HJW>=;LMJ=K IMA HJW>XJ=FL
9HHDAIM=J <= E9FAXJ= J=KLJA;LAN= D=K ;AJ;MD9AJ=K <M
EAFAKLXJ=<=DoAFLWJA=MJ=JL9AFK<=KEMKMDE9FKJ=F
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AJJW?MD9JALW 9<EAFAKLJ9LAN= '9 HJW;9JALW <= D=MJ KL9LML
EA?J9LGAJ= D=K HGMKK= H9J>GAK T L=FL=J <= ;GFKLJMAJ=
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9KKG;A9LA>Kmusulmans de FranceHDML`L=FDA=F9N=;
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<A>>A;MDLWKDAW=KTD=MJH=JEAK<=KWBGMJ>AFAKK=FL9DGJK
H9J YLJ= WN9;MW=K K9FK IMo=DD=K HMAKK=FL KoAFK;JAJ=
<9FK <=K EG:ADAK9LAGFK ;GDD=;LAN=K .A FGK AFL=JDG;M
L=MJK =L AFL=JDG;MLJA;=K HJANADW?A=FL D9 ;GFKLJM;LAGF
<oMF= AE9?= HGKALAN= <=K EMKMDE9FK <= !J9F;=
J=FGFV9FLTKGMD=N=J<=KL@XE=K:JbD9FLKDAWKTDoAE
EA?J9LAGF;o=KLIM=;=KEA?J9FLK=LD=MJK<=K;=F<9FLK
KGFLKG;A9D=E=FL<AKIM9DA>AWK=FL9FLIM=EMKMDE9FK
=L 9DDG?XF=K o=KL <GF; =F L9FL IM= !J9FV9AK =LGM
E=E:J=K <oMF= ;GEEMF9MLW J=DA?A=MK= <= !J9F;=
IMoADK GM =DD=K =KK9Q=FL <= K= ;GFKLJMAJ= MF= AE9?=
J=KH=;L9:D=<=KGA<9FK<=KAFL=J9;LAGFKIMGLA<A=FF=K
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<= >A9:ADALW <=K KGMJ;=K KL9LAKLAIM=K D=K ;JALXJ=K KWD=;
LAGFFWKHGMJWN9DM=JD9HJ9LAIM=<=DoAKD9E=F!J9F;=;GFK
LJMAK=FL MF= E9K;MDAFAK9LAGF <=K >A<XD=K '= ;9D;MD <=K
EMKMDE9FKHJ9LAIM9FLK<=!J9F;==KL<o=E:DW=KGMEAK9M
KQKLXE= K=P=?=FJ= ;9J AD Ko9HHMA= HJAF;AH9D=E=FL KMJ D9
HJAXJ=TD9EGKIMW=9DGJKIM=LJXKH=M<=K9DD=K=PAKL=FL
HGMJD=K>=EE=K=LKMJD9;AJ;GF;AKAGF

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'o9KKG;A9LAGF=FLJ=AKD9E=LK9FKH9HA=JKK=J9AL=DD=
WNALW=H9J<=KLJ9N9ADD=MJKEA?J9FLK9KHAJ9FLTD9JW?MD9
JAK9LAGF<XKDGJKIM=H9JEAD=Kmusulmans de France
:=9M;GMHGFL<=KJ=N=F<A;9LAGFKJ=DA?A=MK=KKMJD=MJK
DA=MP<=LJ9N9ADGEE=D=<ALMF9MLJ=<=KEADAL9FLK
J=F;GFLJWK(G<GMf)GMKHGMJYLJ=;D9AJKDoAKD9E;=
Fo=KLH9KMF=EHY;@=E=FL'oAKD9EF=FGMK=EHY;@=
H9K<oG:L=FAJ9M;MFLJ9N9AD<9FKD9NA=;GMJ9FL=)GMK
;=IMAFGMKHGK=HJG:DXE=;=KGFLD=KH9HA=JKo=KL
NJ9AIMoADQ9<=KEMKMDE9FKIMAJ=>MK=FL<=LJ9N9ADD=J
H9J;=IMoADKFo9JJAN=FLH9KT>9AJ=D=K;AFIHJAXJ=KFGJ
E9D=KH9J;=IM=DT:9KADFoQ9H9K<o=F<JGALGa>9AJ=
D=K 9:DMLAGFK )GMK GF Fo=KL H9K <= ;= ;`LWDT M
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Nous de musulmans en France JAKIM=LAD<=:JAK=JMF
EGMN=E=FL<WBT>J9?E=FLW=FJ=F<9FLEGAFKHD9MKA
:D=KK=KJ=N=F<A;9LAGFK
.AD9JWHGFK=T;=LL=IM=KLAGFH=MLGK;ADD=J=F>GF;
LAGF<=D9;GFBGF;LMJ==L<=D9NAKAGFIMo=FGFLD=KEADA
L9FL=K K9FKH9HA=JK AD =KL ;=JL9AF IM= ;= f FGMK
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NA?AD9F;= T DoW?9J< <= LGML= J9<A;9DAK9LAGF J=DA?A=MK=
HGL=FLA=DD= =L KoAFK;JAL 9MKKA <9FK <=K J=D9LAGFK <=
fJ9;=g(GMKK99>>AJE=;D9AJ=E=FLfMFAN=9M<=
DoAKD9ELGMKD=KK9FKH9HA=JKFGAJK<M;`LW<=DoAKD9E
;=D9Fo9H9KL=DD=E=FL<oAF>DM=F;=$DKKGFLLJXKEG<WJWK
!AF9D=E=FL KA D= EGMN=E=FL K= J9<A;9DAK9AL AD K=J9AL
KLGHHWHGMJF=H9KIMoADQ9ALD=JAKIM=<=;9KK=JD=EGM
N=E=FLh oMF 9MLJ= ;`LW D=K K9FKH9HA=JK IMA FoGFL
H9KWLWTDoW;GD=6<9FKD=MJH9QK7GFD=K=FNGA=NGAJ;=K
JWK=9MPDT69KKG;A9LAGFKEMKMDE9F=K7HGMJIMoADKHJ=F
F=FL<=K;GMJK<o9DH@9:WLAK9LAGFh<GF;;=D9J=KL==F
K=;GF<HD9Fo=KL;=D9IMA=KL>GJEA<9:D=IM9F<GF>9AL
<=KG;;MH9LAGFK9MFAN=9M<=KW?DAK=KD=K?=FK>GFLD9
HJAXJ= K9FKIM=;=D9F=HGK=9M;MFHJG:DXE= FA9MP
;9L@GDAIM=KFA9MPEMKMDE9FKFA9MHJYLJ=IMA=KLDTg
=L AKD9E <=K K9FKH9HA=JK FGAJK Ko=KL H9J>GAK AFK;JAL
<9FKD=fNANJ==FK=E:D=gAFL=JJ=DA?A=MP>9:JAIMWDGJK
<=KG;;MH9LAGFK<oW?DAK=K#=FJAGAF<W;MJW<=.9AFL
=JF9J<=F9GbLJ9;GFL=IM=H=F<9FLDoG;;MH9
LAGF<=DoW?DAK=D=KK9FKH9HA=JKDMA9N9A=FL<=E9F<W<=
;WDW:J=JMF=fE=KK=<=KK9FKH9HA=JKg.9JWHGFK=
!J9F;=.AD9;JW9LAGFKMJMFEG<=KW;MJAL9AJ=<M!(
=F9HM;GFLJA:M=JT9HD9LAJ;=K<A>>WJ=FL=K;9LW
?GJA=K <=EMKMDE9FK9MHJG>AL<M;DAN9?= IMAGHHGK=
D=K musulmans de France 9MPmusulmans en FranceAD
=KL NJ9A 9MKKA IM= f D9 J=;GFF9AKK9F;= HGDALAIM= <=
DoAKD9E 9 6h7 AFLJG<MAL D9 N9JA9:D= J=DA?A=MK= <9FK
Do=KH9;=<=D9;GF;MJJ=F;=HGDALAIM=gGEHL=L=FM<=
;=;DAN9?==L<M<MJ;AKK=E=FL<=KHGDALAIM=KEA?J9LGAJ=K
>J9FV9AK=K =L =MJGHW=FF=K AD Ko9?AL <= NGAJ T IM=DK
EGE=FLK;=JL9AFK<=KK9FKH9HA=JKKGFL;GFLJ9AFLK<=
>9AJ=BGM=JDoAKD9E<9FKD=MJEG:ADAK9LAGF
(GMKK9MF<=FGKAFL=JDG;ML=MJKKALM=9AFKAD=DA=F
=FLJ= D9 J=DA?AGF EMKMDE9F= =L KGF EGMN=E=FL 
f)GMKD9E9BGJALW<=KK9FKH9HA=JKKGEE=KT
EMKMDE9FKHMAKIM=FGMKN=FGFKLGMK<=Do>JAIM=D=
J=KL=MFH=M<oKA=*;W9FA=E9AKFGMKDoAKD9EGFD=
HJ=F<;GEE=J=DA?AGFTH9JL)GMKD=KK9FKH9HA=JKGF
FoMLADAK=H9KDoAKD9EHGMJK=>9AJ==FL=F<J=g$DHJW;AK=
IM=;=LL=9LLALM<==KLTE=LLJ==FH=JKH=;LAN=9N=;MF=
;GF;=HLAGF HDMK D9J?= <= D9 J=DA?AGF G;;A<=FL9D= 
f+9J;=IM=KGMN=FLGFMLADAK=DoS?DAK=H9JJ9HHGJL9M
H9KKWo=KLIM=D9!J9F;==KL9DDW=;GDGFAK=J<9FKFGK
H9QK9N=;DoS?DAK=;GEE=WDWE=FL<=H9;A>A;9LAGF6h7
E9AKGF9;GEHJAKIM=DoW?DAK=;o=KLD=K=MD=F<JGALGaD9
H=JKGFF=@ME9AF==KLJ=KH=;LW=;=D9;o=KL=F<=@GJK
<=Do@AKLGAJ=GF;D=EGMN=E=FL<=KK9FKH9HA=JKMLA
DAK= DoW?DAK= KMJLGML BMKIMoT  =L HMAK ;=D9 9
:=9M;GMH ;@9F?W 9HJXK  g M <W:ML <M
EGMN=E=FL<=KK9FKH9HA=JK:A=FIM=Do9KAD=J=DA?A=MP
Fo=PAKL= HDMK <9FK D= <JGAL ;9FGFAIM= ;=DMA;A 9 HJG
?J=KKAN=E=FL HJANW D= <JGAL <o9KAD= J=DA?A=MP <= LGML=
N9D=MJ<=HJAF;AH=BMKIMoTF=HDMKE=FLAGFF=JDo=PHJ=K
KAGF<9FKD=FGMN=9MG<=HMAKIMoADJ=E=L=F;9MK=D=
HJAF;AH=<=KWH9J9LAGF<=KS?DAK=K=L<=DoSL9L=FHJG
NGIM9FL MF= ;GF>MKAGF =FLJ= D9 DA:=JLW J=DA?A=MK= =L
DoGJ<J=HM:DA;D=KEADAL9FLKK=LGMJF=FL<M;`LW<=DoS
?DAK= =L Ko9HHMA=FL KMJ KGF HGL=FLA=D <oAFL=J;=KKAGF
9MHJXK<=DoSL9L>J9FV9AK$F<ANA<M=DD=E=FLmusulmans
en FranceBMKIMoTDoG;;MH9LAGF<=D9:9KADAIM=<=.9AFL
=FAK WLW  ;=K LJ9N9ADD=MJK EA?J9FLK WNAL=FL <=
HM:DA;AK=JD9JW>WJ=F;=TDoAKD9E9MK=AF<=D=MJEGMN=
E=FL
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DGJK<=FGLJ=J=F;GFLJ=9WLWJW?MD9JAKW=F9M:GML<=
LJGAK 9FK <o=F?9?=E=FL <9FK D= EGMN=E=FL $D LJ9N9ADD=
<9FKMF9L=DA=J<=;GF>=;LAGFK9FK9NGAJB9E9AKNJ9AE=FL
IMALLWKGF;GDD=;LA>
p?W<=9FK=L9JJANW<M.WFW?9DTDoU?=<=AD=KL
=F?9?W<9FKD=EGMN=E=FL<=KK9FKH9HA=JK<=HMAK
=LLJ9N9ADD=;GEE=E9VGF
o=KLFGMKIMAKGMDA?FGFK

E
E s o
o
N° 28,mai2009
Entre dissimulation, exposition et mise en danger des corps dans l’espace urbain,
le répertoire d’action des sans-papiers ‘musulmans’ à Paris
35
HMJW;MHWJ=J;=KAF>GJE9LAGFKTH9JLAJ<o9MLJ=KKGMJ;=K
'=MJK9>>A;@9?=K=F!J9F;=<GAN=FLYLJ=H=FKWK;GEE=
D=HJG<MAL<=FW?G;A9LAGFKTDoW?9J<<=DoAKD9EIMAKGFL
<WBTHJGHJ=KTD=MJKH9QK<oGJA?AF=D=KJW?AGFK:9DC9
FAIM=K=FJ=D9LAGF9N=;D=KJ=;GEHGKALAGFKHGDALAIM=K=L
KG;A9D=K HGKL;GEEMFAKL=K 9AFKA IMo=F J=D9LAGF 9N=;
;=DD=KDAW=KTD9?M=JJ=<M&GKGNG=L9MP=>>=LK
DG;9MP<MK=HL=E:J=o=KLFGL9EE=FL9N=;D9
HJG?J=KKAN= H=JL= <= <AK;JW<AL <= DoAKD9E =F L9FL IMoA
<WGDG?A= <= J=EHD9;=E=FL <M ;GEEMFAKE= IMo9HJXK
<=FGMN=DD=KA<=FLA>A;9LAGFKTDoW?9J<<=;=LL=J=DA
?AGFGFLHM 9NGAJDA=M'=KJW;=FL=K;GF>A?MJ9LAGFK <=
DoAKD9E <9FK D=K 9DC9FK JWKMDL=FL <GF; <oAEHMDKAGFK
N=F9FL<=DoWLJ9F?=JHJGKWDQLAKE==L<=EAKKAGFF9AJ=K
EMKMDE9FK;9L@GDAIM=K HJGL=KL9FLK NGAJ= GJL@G<GP=
9;LAGF @ME9FAL9AJ= =L <WN=DGHH=E=FL EA;JGW;GFG
EAIM==L<=DoMK9?=IMo=F>GFLD=KEMKMDE9F=K=MP
EYE=K9FK;=;GFL=PL=KoAEHGK=FL<=K>GJE=K<oAF
<ANA<M9DAK9LAGF<M;JGAJ=9;;GEH9?FW=K<=>GJE9LAGFK
HGDALAIM=K=PFGNG;=FLJW=KKMJDoAKD9E<oMF=F9LAGF9DA
K9LAGF <= DoAKD9E MF AKD9E :GKFA9IM= MF AKD9E 9D:9
F9AKhE9AKW?9D=E=FL<=D9;J9AFL=<=D9KLA?E9LAK9
LAGFAKD9EAKL=<=;=JL9AF=KJW?AGFK;GEE=D=&GKGNG
+GMJ;=KGKFA9IM=K&GKGN9J=KGJA?AF9AJ=K<=.=J:A=
=L -GME9AF=K HJWK=FL=K HJXK <=K DA=MP <= ;MDL=K
EMKMDE9FK<=+9JAKADF=Ko9?ALH9K<=KoQJ=F<J=HGMJ
>9AJ=D9HJAXJ=E9AK<o9DD=JE=F<A=J<=N9FLD9HGJL=HJAF
;AH9D= <=K AEE=M:D=K <9FK D=KIM=DK K= LJGMN=FL D=K
K9DD=K<=HJAXJ=FGL9EE=FLD=N=F<J=<A=LDGJK<=KHJAF
;AH9D=K KGD=FFALWK EMKMDE9F=K =K >=EE=K KGFL
KG;A9D=E=FL BM?W=K =F L9FL IM= f E9MN9AK=K
EA?J9FL=K g 9M K=AF <= D9 KG;AWLW >J9FV9AK= '=K
J=E9JIM=K <=K NA?AD=K :WFWNGD=K =L ;=DD=K =FL=F<M=K
9MEGE=FL<MH9KK9?=<=K>DMP<=EMKMDE9FK<9FK
D=K;GMJK<=KEGKIMW=KD9AKK=FLH=FK=JIM=;=K=PA
DW=K>GFL9MKKA >A?MJ= <=fE9MN9AK=KEMKMDE9F=Kg
E=F<A9FL=KWLJ9F?XJ=K=LFGFf9J9:=Kg(YE=KA
D=K-GME9AF=KF=KGFLHDMKKMK;=HLA:D=K<oYLJ==PHMD
KW=K <= !J9F;= H9J;= IM= D=MJ H9QK >9AL E9AFL=F9FL
H9JLA= <= Do0FAGF =MJGHW=FF= ;=K EA?J9FL=K W;GFG
EAIM=K KGFL KGMN=FL ;GF>GF<M=K 9N=; D=K =PADW=K
EMKMDE9F=K CGKGN9J=K GJA?AF9AJ=K <= .=J:A= =L :GK
FA9IM=KHGMN9FLJ=EHDAJ<=K<=E9F<=K<o9KAD=L=JJALG
JA9D=L<=HJGL=;LAGFKKM:KA<A9AJ=K
o9HJXKDo9FF=P=$1<MJ9HHGJL<=Do*!+-<=
IM=FGMK9NAGFK;GFKMDLW9MEGE=FL<=Do=FIMYL=H9JA
KA=FF= ;GEE9F<ALW= H9J Do$$ D= HGMJ;=FL9?= <=
;GFKAKL9 T GJ?9FAK=J MF= ;WDW:J9LAGF AFL=JJ=DA?A=MK=
9HJXKD9E=KK=H9JGAKKA9D=HJWNM=f+MAKIMoADKWL9A=FL
E9BGJAL9AJ=E=FL EMKMDE9FK GM 9FAEAKL=K FGMK HGM
NAGFK;WDW:J=JD9E=KK=TD=MJAFL=FLAGF6h7;=F=K=J9AL
H9K D=MJ E=KK= E9AK D9 E=KK= H9JGAKKA9D= HJWNM= g
GAF<W=FWNAL9FLLGML=fJW;MHWJ9LAGFg<=D9
H9JL<=K;JGQ9FLK<o9MLJ=KJ=DA?AGFKg=L=FJ=KL9FLNA?A
D9FL>9;=9MPAFLW?JAKE=K
$DFo=FJ=KL=H9KEGAFKIM=DoAKD9EIMA9;GFLJA:MWT
MF= L=DD= ;WDW:J9LAGF AFL=JJ=DA?A=MK= Fo=KL H9K ;=FKW
<WJ9F?=JH9JK9NAKA:ADALW;GDD=;LAN=AD=KLD=>9AL<=LJ9
N9ADD=MJKEA?J9FLKDMLL9FLHGMJ<=KLALJ=K<=KWBGMJK$DF=
Ko9?AL H9K HGMJ 9ML9FL <oMF= J=KKGMJ;= ;GDD=;LAN= G>>A
;A=DD= HGMJ MF EGMN=E=FL ;GEHGKW =F ?J9F<= H9JLA=
H9J <=K EA?J9FLK GJA?AF9AJ=K <= H9QK Ga DoAKD9E =KL
E9BGJAL9AJ= =L IMA KGFL <GF; KMK;=HLA:D=K <oYLJ= <=K
EMKMDE9FK=F!J9F;=oMF=H9JLFGMKFo9NGFKLJGMNW
9M;MF= LJ9;= <= JW9;LAGFK G>>A;A=DD=K <= E=E:J=K <=
;GDD=;LA>K <= K9FKH9HA=JK H9J J9HHGJL T <=K HJGNG;9
LAGFK WE9F9FL <= J=HJWK=FL9FLK <= Do=PLJYE=<JGAL=
>J9FV9AK==L:=D?=<GFL;=JL9AFKGFLHM9>>AJE=Jf+GMJ
IMGAD=KK9FKH9HA=JKG;;MH=FLADKLGMBGMJK<=KW?DAK=K
GJADKKGFLIM9F<EYE=E9BGJAL9AJ=E=FLEMKMDE9FKg
o9MLJ=H9JL9MBGMJ<o@MAD9J=;@=J;@=<=J=KH=;L9:ADALW
<=Kmusulmans de France H9KK=<9N9FL9?=H9JD=J=DA
?A=MP=LFo=KLH9KTDo9:JA<oMF=@AWJ9J;@AK9LAGFKG;A9D=
IMAK=;GEHD=PA>A=HJAF;AH9D=E=FL>9;=TD9<AN=JKA>A;9
LAGF<=K;9J9;LWJAKLAIM=K<=KEA?J9FLK=L<=D=MJK;GF<A
LAGFK<=KWBGMJ=F>GF;LAGF<=D9>JGFLAXJ=HGDALAIM==FLJ=
MJGHW=FK=LFGF)GF MJGHW=FK
N ' !$"% K'%' L%
  &% !% #'%!%!($% & $!'
 % vs N &   "$&#' $
'% % % %""$% '%' %
iDo=P;=HLAGF<=D9?J9F<=EGKIMW=<=+9JAK<9FK
D==9JJGF<AKK=E=FL=L<=D9EGKIMW=<o<9O9JM=
<oD?=JD9HJWK=F;=<=K>A<XD=KEMKMDE9F=K<9FKD9
HDMH9JL<=KEGKIMW=KH9JAKA=FF=KHGMJ<=KJ9AKGFK<=
;MDL= Fo=KL H9K ;GFKA<WJ9:D= =H=F<9FL <o9MLJ=K
>=EE=K f EMKMDE9F=K g Ko9HHJG;@=FL >JWIM=EE=FL
<= ;=K DA=MP )GMK Do9NGFK ;GFKL9LW FGL9EE=FL <9FK
D=KEGKIMW=K<=D9JM=<M>9M:GMJ?.9AFL=FAK<=D9
JM=%=9F+A=JJ=/AE:9M<=L<=D9?J9F<=EGKIMW=<=
+9JAK)GMKFGMK9HHMQGFKKMJMF;JALXJ=<o9MLG<W;D9
J9LAGF<=D9F9LAGF9DALW<=;=K>=EE=K=LFGMKFo9NGFK