BILAN FRANGLISH - EXPLICATIONS ET ELEMENTS A
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1 BILAN FRANGLISH - EXPLICATIONS ET ELEMENTS A CONNAITRE PAR COEUR http://www.franglish.fr/howlers/howlers.htm V-ing signifie que l'on nominalise le verbe en ajoutant -ing (gérondif) EX: Smoking kills Vous pouvez remplacer smoking par IT kills On utilise le gérondif après une préposition EX:he is used TO driving.../I'm looking forward TO seeing you/He is quite keen ON climbing... Après certains verbes dans certaines situations EX: He stopped talking when..../ I remember seeing her/they keep lying.... A NE PAS CONFONDRE AVEC LA FORME VERBALE be+V-ing BE +V-ing signifie que l'on conjugue Be et que l'on ajoute ING au verbe pour apporter une information particulièreaction en "train de se faire", opinion, point de vue. EX: I am working /What have you been doing / V-ed signifie que le verbe est au prétérit =PASSE EX: wrote, wanted, cut.... [2 ème colonne des verbes irréguliers] V-en signifie que le verbe est au participe passé EX: Their plane has just landed/he has already done his homework/he has never told her the truth...(present perfect) EX:This book was written in 1995 /I've been asked to... (passif) EX: If I had known I wouldn't have come EX:She doesn't look very happy, he must have told her the truth FRANGLISH Correction et explications Grammaire 2 TRADUCTION 1. C’est un écrivain américain He is an American writer 2. Ce livre a été écrit en 1995 This book was written in 1995 3. Voici quelques conseils Here is some advice 4. C’est un garçon aux yeux bleus He is a blue-eyed- boy 5. C’est une très bonne nouvelle This is good news 6. Il a beaucoup de succès He is very successful 7. Il y a de moins en moins de voitures There are fewer and fewer cars 8. Il m’a prévenu hier He warned me yesterday 9. Il avait 18 quand je l’ai rencontré He was 18 when I met him 10. Il m’a dit que… He told me that 11. Il est sympa He is nice 12. Je suis d’accord avec toi I agree with you 13. Ils veulent que nous partions They want us to go 14. Il n’arrête pas de parler! He keeps talking 15. J’ai l’habitude de conduire à gauche I'm used to driving on the left 16. Elle est morte hier She died yesterday 17. Elle agonise ! She is dying 18. Il a faim He is hungry 19. Les problèmes actuels/d’aujourd’hui Topical problems / today's problems 20. Autrefois je fumais I used to smoke 21. Ca fait deux heures que j’attends ! I've been waiting for 2 hours 22. Je m’ ennuie à mourir I'm bored to death 23. Je suis à Vaugelas depuis 3 ans I've been in Vaugelas for 3 years 24. Je suis resté à Vaugelas pendant 3 ans I was in Vaugelas for 3 years 25. Depuis combien de temps es tu à Vaugelas? How long have you been in Vaugelas 26. Pendant combien de temps es tu resté à Vaugelas?How long did you stay/wereyou/ in Vaugelas? 27. Ca fait combien de temps que tu m'attends? How long have you been waiting for me? 28. J'ai eu ce chien pendant deux ans I had this dog for 2 years 29. Quand j'aurai 30 ans je serai marié et j'aurai 3 enfants When I AM 30 I will be married and have 3 children 30. J'aurais voulu que tu me dises la vérité I wish you had told me the truth 31. Tu ferais mieux de partir maintenant You'd (had) better go now. 32. Je préférerais partir I'd (would) rather go 33. Je préférerais que tu partes... I'd rather you went.... 34. Pourquoi ne pas lui dire? Why not tell him? 35. Pourquoi ne lui dis tu pas la vérité? Why don't you tell him the truth? FRANGLISH Correction et explications Grammaire 3 Trouvez la traduction en français To succeed IN To rely ON To be faced .WITH ................................................. ................................................. ................................................. To be interested IN. ................................................. To count ON To listen TO ................................................. ................................................. To deal WITH ................................................. To depend ON ................................................. To be different FROM/TO To laugh AT To be afraid OF ................................................. ................................................. To hope TO DO To worry ABOUT ................................................. ................................................. ................................................. To dream OF DOING STH To be divided INTO To abide BY ................................................. ................................................. ................................................. To be fed up WITH To insist ON To believe IN ................................................. ................................................. ................................................. To be keen ON To suffer FROM To be goodAT ................................................. ................................................. ................................................. To be fond of To wait FOR To blame somebody FOR ................................................. ................................................. ................................................. FRANGLISH Correction et explications Grammaire 4 What’s the English for…. 1. Gagner de l’argent EARN MONEY 2. Empêcher qqn de faire qch STOP/PREVENT SB FROM DOING STH 3. Être sensible BE SENSITIVE 4. Avoir la tête sur les épaules/être sensé BE SENSIBLE 5. Ne pas supporter CAN'T BEAR/STAND 6. D’une part/d’autre part ON THE ONE HAND/ON THE OTHER HAND 7. Prendre conscience TO REALISE 8. Depuis deux ans FOR 2 YEARS. 9. Pendant deux ans FOR 2 YEARS 10. Il y a deux ans 2 YEARS AGO 11. Les deux premières années THE FIRST TWO YEARS 12. Les pauvres/les riches THE POOR/THE RICH FRANGLISH Correction et explications Grammaire 5 DIFFICILE DE FAIRE LA DIFFERENCE ENTRE PRESENT PERFECT ET PRETERIT... CEPENDANT...certains mots vous permettent d'éviter de vous posez des problèmes métaphysiques. PRESENT PERFECT +Forme du présent Mon exemple préféré: Je suis à Vaugelas = I am in Vaugelas ( pas de problèmes) Je suis à Vaugelas depuis deux ans (problème!) Le mot depuis vous oblige à utiliser une "forme de présent qui prend en compte le passé". On utilise le PRESENT PERFECT - qui se construit avec l'auxiliaire HAVE et le V-en Traduction I have been in Vaugelas for 2 years DEPUIS se traduit de deux façons - soit FOR soit SINCE FOR a year - FOR a long time - FOR two hours- FOR ages - FOR a few weeks SINCE 1995 - SINCE he left school - SINCE last week - SINCE Friday -SINCE two o'clock PRETERIT - forme utilisée pour évoquer un événement passé. La construction est relativement simple: S+Ved (marque du prétérit)+BV He arrived yesterday /When did he arrive?/ He didn't arrive yesterday verbe régulier (BV + ed) He went to the cinema yesterday/When did he go to the cinema?/He didn't go to the cinema. verbe irrégulier = on regarde dans la liste des verbes irréguliers A utiliser si vous avez un marqueur de temps du passé : AGO - Il y a deux jours = Two days AGO IN 1965 - He was born IN 1965 LAST YEAR - He was in England LAST YEAR ... Dans les deux cas il faut connaître les verbes irréguliers par coeur: FRANGLISH Correction et explications profdanglais.com Grammaire 6 AUTRES POINTS A CONNAITRE PAR COEUR Les adjectifs se placent AVANT LES NOMS ex: A WONDERFUL STORY Enough se place devant AVANT LES NOMS mais après un ADJECTIF Ex : HE IS A TALENTED ARTIST HE IS NOT TALENTED ENOUGH Un modal est toujours suivi D'UNE BASE VERBALE . Ex: YOU CAN DO IT I WOULD HAVE LIKED TO GO..... Pour traduire l’idée de … j’utilise… arriver à faire quelque chose ex : J’y arrive, je sais le faire I CAN DO IT/I CAN MANAGE ne pas y arriver, ne pas s’en sortir ex : Je n’en peux plus, je n’y arrive pas I CAN'T COPE Je vais m’en occuper, gérer ex : je vais m’en occuper I'LL DEAL WITH IT qqch qui s’est passé, qui est arrivé ex : c’est arrivé hier IT HAPPENED YESTERDAY passer par la tête, penser ex : Ca ne m’a jamais traversé l’esprit IT NEVER CROSSED MY MIND. avoir vraiment envie de qqch ex : Il avait vraiment envie de partir HE REALLY FELT LIKE GOING.... FRANGLISH Correction et explications Grammaire 7 Traduisez ces phrases/verbes/expressions en français. Si vous n'y parvenez pas, notez les problèmes que vous rencontrez et nous en parlerons en classe. 1. I WANT THEM TO GO/LEAVE 2. SHE WOULD LIKE(pas de S -le s est pour le présent)US TO WORK MORE 3. SHE MAKES THEM XXXX WORK/ SHE MADE THEM WORK 4. SHE LET THEM GO 5. I'D RATHER GO/LEAVE 6. I'D RATHER YOU WENT/LEFT 7. WE'D BETTER LISTEN 8. IT'S TIME YOU WENT /LEFT 9. IT'S NOT WORTH WORKING 10. IT'S NO USE WORKING 11. I CAN'T STOP TALKING 12. SHE KEEPS TALKING 13. SHE SPENDS HER TIME PLAYING 14. SHE GOT USED TO DRIVING... 15. WHAT ABOUT GOING TO THE CINEMA? WHY NOT GO TO THE CINEMA 16. HE HAS TO GO/ HE MUST GO 17. HE HAD TO GO 18. WE HAD TO GO 19. HE SHOULD GO 20. HE SHOULD HAVE GONE/LEFT 21. HE COULD HAVE WORKED MORE 22. IF I HAD KNOWN, I WOULDN'T HAVE WRITTEN TO HIM 23. IT PERMITS YOU TO/IT ALLOWS YOU TO/IT ENABLES YOU TO 24. I FEEL LIKE TRAVELLING 25. FEWER AND FEWER CARS 26. TOO MUCH POLLUTION 27. LESS AND LESS OIL 28. SOME ADVICE/ 29. TOO MUCH INFORMATION 30. HOW INTERESTING 31. YOU DON'T REALISE HOW INTERESTING IT IS! 32. READING IS BORING FRANGLISH Correction et explications Grammaire 8 33. SMOKING KILLS 34. PEOPLE WHO/THAT READ - THE CAR THAT 35. EVERYBODY THINKS/IS/HAS 36. ANOTHER IDEA 37. THE OTHERS... 38. THEY ARE OTHER CHILDREN 39. DIFFICULT LIVING CONDITIONS 40. WORKING CONDITIONS 41. HE IS TALLER THAN 42. HE IS AS TALL AS YOU 43. hE IS MORE INTELLIGENT THAN 44. HE IS NOT AS...AS... 45. HE USED TO BE FAMOUS 46. HE NO LONGER IS / HE IS NOT ANYMORE 47. I HAVE BEEN IN VAUGELAS FOR THREE YEARS 48. I STAYED THERE 3 YEARS 49. HE TOLD HER/HIM TO COME 50. HE TOLD HIM NOT TO COME 51. I KEEP FORGETTING... 52. THEY ALWAYS AGREE 53. SHE MIGHT/MAY UNDERSTAND 54. HE MUST BE A TOURIST 55. HE MUST HAVE BEEN REALLY SCARED 56. HE WILL PASS THE EXAM PROVIDED HE WORKS HARD 57. HE WOULD HAVE PASSED IF HE HAD WORKED 58. THEY WILL FAIL UNLESS THEY WORK 59. WHAT I MEAN IS 60. I DON'T CARE 61. IT DOESN'T MATTER 62. DON'T BOTHER 63. SHE DOESN'T MIND HELPING ME 64. AS LONG AS 65. ALTHOUGH 66. EVEN IF FRANGLISH Correction et explications Grammaire
