Les divers modèles de l`atome

◦
•
•
•
•e= 1,6×10−19 C
•me= 9,1×10−31 kg
•mn= 1,7×10−27 kg
•h= 6,63 ×10−34 J·s
•c= 3,00 ×108m·s−1
•ε0= 8,84 ×10−12 F·m−1
ρ+q
a
~
E
~
F−e M
V
Ep(r)r
r < a
a
P C P C∗
1P C∗ 2◦

α β
α
α
α
α
◦
P C P C∗
1P C∗ 2◦

A= 197 Z= 79
v0= 1,6×107m·s−1
Fmax
α
α
α
O b O
α
(xi→ −∞, yi= +b, zi= 0) ~vi=v0.~ux
α
α
C=k~σOk
MαO α Mαr
θ b v0
α
•(~ux, ~uy)
•(~ur, ~uθ)M(r, θ, 0)
•b
•rmin
•D
Emα
Em=1
2m˙r2+Epef f (r)
Epef f r m C ε0Z e
rmin α
rmin =r Ep(r)
2Ec0
+sr Ep(r)
2Ec02
+b2
Ec0Ep(r)
α D
•EpEc0
•b
P C P C∗
1P C∗ 2◦

λ
1
λ=RH1 n2−1 m2m n ∈N∗
RH= 1,1×107m−1
P C P C∗
1P C∗ 2◦

r
v
Ep
EcEmEc
Ep
λ
h c/λ
E=−E0/n2E0RHc h
E0
E
n= 1
~
L=k
2πn ~uzk=h
~µL
µB=h e
4π m
P C P C∗
1P C∗ 2◦