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Abstract
The relationship between Morality and the political reflection is one of the oldest
problems and of the most long-lasting that arose in moral philosophy, political
philosophy, and more recently in philosophy of law. For some, Morality, in its broader
sense, has to guide human actions in all the spheres of activity and individuals should so,
at the best of their capacities, try to conform to its requirements. Which amount to say
that it cannot have a moral dilemma between the normative requirements from the
political realm and the requirements, supposedly universal, of Morality. In return, others
suggest that it can be justified to violate requirements which we consider, in « ordinary
life », as moral, given that the purpose of the so immoral, political, action is exactly the
preservation and the development of morality. Here, the dilemma appears as a tension
between two normativities who suggest a distinction between what is a matter of the
public and what is a private matter.
In the attempt to address this problem a vast literature has developed and it carries at the
heart of its conception a debate which seems difficult to solve: the problem of the moral
justification of a political action which is morally reprehensible. In overall, this master
thesis is interested to analyze how the literature, concerning the « problem of dirty
hands », handle the question of the abstract couple « public and private ». We support, by
retaining the possibility of a real distinction between these two normative realms, the
hypothesis that there is an actual tension between the private domain and the public
domain, which cannot totally submit itself to the requirements of the morality, given the
peculiarities of the political actions. Having said that, we wish to temper such a stand,
which echoes Machiavelli’s papers. We shall argue that this tension between the public