Eléments pour un débat sur l`incertitude dans la société globale du

!!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Eléments)pour)un)débat)sur)l’incertitude)
dans)la)société)globale)du)risque!
!
!"#$%#&'%&()*+%,"-.&/0+$0(%++%#&%$&/"$-1%..%#&
&
&
2-3%45(%&6788&
!
!
!
!
!9(&:(";"$$%&<=".%0,>&/?9(;)%&'%&4"##"-.#&@&+AB##-/"9$"-.&C9(/%+&D"/$%(&
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Association!Marcel!Hicter!pour!la!Démocratie!culturelle!4!FMH!
6E&(0%&'0&:%+3)'F(%&
87G7&:(0,%++%#&
H%+&I&JK6L6LMN8LOPLO7&
Q9,&I&JK6L6LMN8LOPLO8&
R-0(("%+I&/-.$9/$S*-.'9$"-.T?"/$%(L-(;!!
& & & & &
&
6&
!
&
&
&
U&H?%&!%-=+%&?93%&$?%&=-V%(&
&
H?%&=-V%(&$-&'(%94&$-&(0+%&
H-&V(%#$+%&$?%&V-(+'&*(-4&*--+#&
W$A#&'%/(%%'&$?%&=%-=+%&(0+%&
W$A#&'%/(%%'&$?%&=%-=+%&(0+%&
X"#$%.L&W&5%+"%3%&%3%(1$?".;&V%&'(%94&
R9.&/-4%&$-&=9##&$?(-0;?&-0(&0."-.&
Y%&/9.&$0(.&$?%&V-(+'&9(-0.'&
Y%&/9.&$0(.&$?%&%9($?A#&(%3-+0$"-.&
&
Y%&?93%&$?%&=-V%(&
!%-=+%&?93%&$?%&=-V%(&Z&
&
&
!9$$"&<4"$?>&People&have&the&power>&%,$(9"$&
& & & & &
&
K&
Table!des!matières!
!
8L&W.$(-'0/$"-.&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&N&
6L&[%=F(%#&?"#$-("\0%#&'%&+9&4-.'"9+"#9$"-.&%$&)$9$&9/$0%+&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&G&
8]&X9&#-/")$)&=()".'0#$("%++%&-0&$(9'"$"-..%++%&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&G&
6]&X9&#-/")$)&".'0#$("%++%&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&G&
K]&X9&#-/")$)&=-#$".'0#$("%++%&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&E&
KL&^+)4%.$#&'A9.9+1#%&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&87&
8]&&X9&#-/")$)&;+-59+%&'0&("#\0%&%$&+A"./%($"$0'%&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&87&
6]&!(%.'(%&%.&/-4=$%&+9&/-4=+%,"$)&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&8K&
K]&R-44%.$&(%.'(%&+%&4-.'%&?95"$95+%&_&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&8G&
N]&B3%($"##%4%.$&90&+%/$%0(&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&68&
NL&W.'"3"'09+"#9$"-.&()*+%,"3%&I&$%((%90&'A0.%&.-03%++%&/"$-1%..%$)&_&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&66&
8]&H%/?."\0%#&=-0(&0.&(`+%&#05=-+"$"\0%&'0&/"$-1%.&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&6K&
6]&a8777&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&6N&
K]&X%#&W.'";.)#&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&6O&
GL&!"#$%#&'%&()*+%,"-.&%$&/-./+0#"-.#&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&K7&
8]&[`+%&'%#&9($"#$%#&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&K7&
6]&!(9$"\0%#&/-++%/$"3%#&?-("b-.$9+%#&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&K8&
:"5+"-;(9=?"%&LLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLLL&K6&
& & & & &
&
N&
!
1.)Introduction)
&
X%#&40$9$"-.#&'0&4-.'%&/-.$%4=-(9".&#-.$&".')."95+%#&%$&=(-3-\0%.$&0.&49+9"#%&$9.$&
#-/"9+&\0A".'"3"'0%+&=9($-0$&'9.#&+%&4-.'%>&'%&=+0#&%.&=+0#&=9+=95+%&'9.#&/%($9".#&=91#&
\0"&/-..9"##%.$&'%#&39;0%#&'%&()9/$"-.#&=-=0+9"(%#&'%=0"#&+%&')50$&'%&+A9..)%&/-44%&
/%($9".#&=91#&'0&#0'&'%&+A^0(-=%&%$&$-0$&()/%44%.$&+AB.;+%$%((%&%$&+9&a(F/%L&&
&
B&\0-"&9##"#$-.#T.-0#&_&B0&')50$&'A0.%&=)("-'%&'%&59(59("%>&@&0.&(%$-0(&%.&9(("F(%&_&B&
'%#&#";.%#&9..-./"9$%0(#&'%&+A%**-.'(%4%.$&'0&#1#$F4%&/9="$9+"#$%&_&c&
X%#&#/).9("-#&.%&49.\0%.$&=9#L&
d0%&'-"$T-.&*9"(%&%$&#0($-0$&\0%&=%0$T-.&*9"(%_&
&
e.%&/?-#%&%#$&#f(%>&'%=0"#&+9&4-.'"9+"#9$"-.>&.-$(%&4-.'%&%#$&'%3%.0&%,$(g4%4%.$&
/-4=+%,%>&"+&%#$&'%3%.0&'"**"/"+%&'%&#%&+%&(%=()#%.$%(>&'A1&$(-03%(&0.%&=+9/%&=-($%0#%&'%&
#%.#L&XA"./%($"$0'%&%$&+9&=%0(&\09.$&90&'%3%."(&'%&.-$(%&=+9.F$%&;(9.'"##%.$&);9+%4%.$&
'9.#&+9&=-=0+9$"-.&'%=0"#&+9&/-.#/"%.$"#9$"-.&90,&("#\0%#&)/-+-;"\0%#&;+-590,&
=(-3-\0)#&=9(&+A".'0#$("9+"#9$"-.&@&-0$(9./%&%$&+%&;9#="++9;%&/-.#04)("#$%L&&
&
X9&')=()'9$"-.&'%&+A%.3"(-..%4%.$&=9(&+%#&=-++0$"-.#&/?"4"\0%#&%$&.0/+)9"(%#>&+%#&
/9$9#$(-=?%#&.9$0(%++%#>&+%#&("#\0%#&$%/?."\0%#&%$&+%&$%((-("#4%&*-.$&=%0(&%$&93%/&(9"#-.&h&
"+#&#-.$&5"%.&()%+#&%$&$(F#&'"**"/"+%4%.$&49i$("#95+%#L&
&
^.&$9.$&\0%&/"$-1%.#>&.-0#&93-.#&+%&/?-",&%.$(%&+9&=9##"3"$)&%$&+A".'"3"'09+"#4%&%.&
9$$%.'9.$&+9&/9$9#$(-=?%>&+A9==(-/?%&=-=0+"#$%&=-0(&0.&(%$-0(&90&U&5-.&3"%0,&&$%4=#&Z&-j&
$-0$&)$9"$&#"4=+%>&'%#/%.'(%&#%&59$$(%&'9.#&+9&(0%LLL&k0&=%0$Tg$(%&1&9&$A"+&0.%&90$(%&
9==(-/?%&5"%.&=+0#&=-($%0#%&'%&#%.#&l&
&
e.%&3"#"-.&=-#"$"3"#$%&'%#&=?).-4F.%#&'%&#-/")$)&'%&+9&4-.'"9+"#9$"-.&)4%(;%&
.)9.4-".#&'%=0"#&0.%&3".;$9".%&'A9..)%#L&R%($9".#&#-/"-+-;0%#>&=?"+-#-=?%#>&
=-+"$-+-;0%#&-0&/"$-1%.#&1&3-"%.$&0.%&*-(4"'95+%&-==-($0."$)&=-0(&.-$(%&#-/")$)L&
W+&%#$&".$)(%##9.$&'A%,=+-(%(&'%&49."F(%&/(-"#)%&/%#&9==(-/?%#&%$&'%&$%.$%(&'A%.&');9;%(&
\0%+\0%#&="#$%#&'%&()*+%,"-.&'9.#&+%#&/?94=#&/0+$0(%+&%$&/"$-1%.8L&^++%#&#%45+%.$&%.&%**%$&
-**("(&+A-==-($0."$)&'&m0.%&)3-+0$"-.&'%&/%0,T/"&90&/%.$(%&'%#&%.n%0,&'%&.-$(%&#-/")$)L&
2-0#&"(-.#&);9+%4%.$&3-"(&/%&\0%&+A-.&/0+$"3%&'9.#&+%#&/?94=#&=-+"$"\0%#>&#/"%.$"*"\0%#&%$&
".'0#$("%+#&939.$&'A%.&$"(%(&'%#&/-./+0#"-.#L&&
C9"#&'9.#&0.&=(%4"%(&$%4=#>&.-0#&=-#%(-.#&+%&/9'(%&'%&.-$(%&)$0'%&=9(&0.&9=%(o0&
?"#$-("\0%&'%&+9&4-.'"9+"#9$"-.&%$&'%&#-.&)$9$&9/$0%+&9".#"&\0%&+%#&)+)4%.$#&'A9.9+1#%&
/?-"#"#&=-0(&/%$$%&)$0'%L&
W+&%#$&5"%.&)3"'%.$&\0A"+&%,"#$%&0.&*-"#-..%4%.$&'A"')%#&%$&'%&()*+%,"-.#&/?%b&'%&
.-45(%0,&&U&=%.#%0(#&Z&'%&.-$(%&$%4=#&\0"&.%&3-.$&=9#&$-0$%#&'9.#&+9&4g4%&'"(%/$"-.L&
XA)$0'%&=()#%.$)%&"/"&=-#%&\0%+\0%#&="#$%#&'%&()*+%,"-.#&/0+$0(%++%#&%$&/"$-1%..%#L&
XA-5n%/$"*&&%#$&'%&(%#$%(&-03%($&90&')59$&%$&@&+9&/-.$(9'"/$"-.>&)+)4%.$&/9="$9+&=-0(&0.%&
3)("$95+%&')4-/(9$"%&/0+$0(%++%L&&&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
8&p-"(&/?9="$(%&NI&W.'"3"'09+"#9$"-.&()*+%,"3%&I&$%((%90&'A0.%&.-03%++%&/"$-1%..%$)L&
& & & & &
&
G&
&
2.)Repères)historiques)de)la)mondialisation)et)état)actuel)
&
XA-5n%/$"*&.A)$9.$&=9#&+A9==(-*-.'"##%4%.$&?"#$-("\0%>&#%0+#&+%#&n9+-.#&=%(4%$$9.$&
'A".$(-'0"(%&+%#&.-$"-.#&.)/%##9"(%#&90,&="#$%#&'%&()*+%,"-.#>&')3%+-==)%#&'9.#&+9&
=()#%.$%&)$0'%>&#-.$&%,=-#)#&'9.#&/%&/?9="$(%L&&
&
q9.#&0.%&#-/")$)>&$(-"#&;(9.'%#&'"4%.#"-.#&'0&()%+&&=%03%.$&g$(%&')*"."%#&I&+%#&/?94=#&
)/-.-4"\0%>&#-/"9+&%$&/0+$0(%+L&X%&/?94=&)/-.-4"\0%&#%&(9==-($%&@&+9&=(-'0/$"-.&'%#&
5"%.#&%$&'%#&#%(3"/%#>&+%&/?94=&#-/"9+&@&+9&()=9($"$"-.&'%&/%0,T/"L&X%&/?94=&/0+$0(%+&%#$&
+A%#=9/%&=(-=(%&'%&+9&#";."*"/9$"-.>&'0&#%.#&=-0(&+%#&".'"3"'0#&/-4=-#9.$&0.%&#-/")$)L&
&
1)#La#société#préindustrielle#ou#traditionnelle#
&
q9.#&+9&&#-/")$)&=()".'0#$("%++%>&/%#&K&'"4%.#"-.#&#-.$&')3%+-==)%#&%$&%.&".$%(9/$"-.&
*-($%>&+9&$(9.#4"##"-.&'%&+9&/0+$0(%&#%&*9"$&'9.#&+9&3"%&()%++%L&&
W+&1&9&=(-'0/$"-.&'A-5n%$#&\0"&-.$&'0&#%.#&'9.#&+%#&K&/?94=#&/-44%&+%#&r03(%#&'AB($&
=(%4"%(L&XA9/\0"#"$"-.&'%#&/-..9"##9./%#&%$&#93-"(#&#%&*9"$&=9(&9==(%.$"##9;%&90&#%".&
4g4%&'%&+9&#-/")$)&/"3"+%&%$&)/-.-4"\0%L&
&
D’un!point!de!vue!individuel!
U&X%#&".'"3"'0#&')=%.'%.$&'%&+9&#-/")$)&=9(&'%#&+"%.#&'%&#-+"'9("$)&4)/9."\0%&-0&=9(&
#"4"+"$0'%>&/A%#$T@T'"(%&\0A"+#&#-.$&=%0&'"**)(%./")#&+%#&0.#&'%#&90$(%#>&=9($9;%.$&+%#&
4g4%#&#%.$"4%.$#>&-5)"##%.$&90,&4g4%#&/(-19./%#&%$&9'?F(%.$&90,&4g4%#&39+%0(#L&X9&
/-.#/"%./%&/-++%/$"3%&%#$&*-($%&%$&(%/-03(%&+9&=+0=9($&'%#&/-.#/"%./%#&".'"3"'0%++%#L&X%&
/-.$(`+%&#-/"9+&1&%#$&$(F#&*-($L&Z6&
&
2)#La#société#industrielle#
&
q9.#&+9&#-/")$)&".'0#$("%++%>&+9&U&=(%4"F(%&4-'%(."$)&Z>&+%#&$(-"#&'"4%.#"-.#&#-.$&\09#"&
#)=9()%#&%$&/?9/0.%&%#$&*-($%&49"#&+%#&".$%(9/$"-.#&%.$(%&%++%#&#-.$&*9"5+%#L&XA)/-.-4"%&
=(%.'&+%&=9#&#0(&+%#&90$(%#&/?94=#&'%&+9&#-/")$)&%$&+%&+"5)(9+"#4%&#A"4=-#%&
=(-;(%##"3%4%.$>&=(`.9.$&+%&4-".#&'A)$9$&=-##"5+%L&
X9&/0+$0(%&#-($&'%&+9&3"%&()%++%L&X9&/()9$"-.&'%&40#)%#&90&8PF4%&#"F/+%&%.&%#$&0.&
".'"/9$%0(I&+AD-44%&)=(-03%&+%&5%#-".&'%&/-.#%(3%(&#-.&=9$("4-".%&?"#$-("\0%&\0">&
#".-.>&'"#=9(9i$(9"$>&U&=-0##)&Z&%.&'%?-(#&'%&+9&#-/")$)&=9(&+%&=(-;(F#KL&X9&/0+$0(%&#%&
(%$(-03%&%,=+-"$)%&@&'%#&*".#&)/-.-4"\0%#&s=05+"/"$)c]L&X9&/()9$"-.&'%#&)/-+%#&#";."*"%&
);9+%4%.$&+9&#-($"%&'%&+9&3"%&()%++%&'%&+A9==(%.$"##9;%>&'%&+A9/\0"#"$"-.&'%#&/-..9"##9./%#&
%$&'%#&#93-"(#L&
&
&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&
6&!BeaBC&<%(;%>&Repenser&la&solidarité,&l’apport&des&sciences&sociales>&=LE&
K&W.$%(3%.$"-.#&'%&X0/&RB[Hk2>&=?"+-#-=?%&R?9(;)&'%&4"##"-.&90=(F#&'%&+9&q"(%/$"-.&;).)(9+%&'%&+9&
R0+$0(%>&C"."#$F(%&'%&+9&&R-440.90$)&*(9.o9"#%&t&<%(3"/%&;).)(9+&'AW.#=%/$"-.&'%&+9&R0+$0(%s+-(#&'%&+9&
*-(49$"-.&[%#&e(5"#&'%&+AB##-/"9$"-.&C9(/%+&D"/$%(>&6788]&
&
1 / 33 100%
La catégorie de ce document est-elle correcte?
Merci pour votre participation!

Faire une suggestion

Avez-vous trouvé des erreurs dans linterface ou les textes ? Ou savez-vous comment améliorer linterface utilisateur de StudyLib ? Nhésitez pas à envoyer vos suggestions. Cest très important pour nous !