Qu`arrive-t-il aux clients qui ne remboursent pas?

Les clients d'abord
en microfinance
Auteur principal
Jami Solli
Contributeurs
Laura Galindo, Alex Rizzi, Elisabeth Rhyne,
and Nadia van de Walle
Qu’arrive-t-il aux
clients qui ne
remboursent pas?
Une étude exploratoire des pratiques de microfinance
Novembre 2014
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