tableau récapitulatif de tous les temps et aspects + exemples
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Temps Aspect * SIMPLE TABLEAU DES TEMPS ET ASPECTS PRESENT Don’t / doesn’t + verbe « nu » Auxiliaire DO au prétérit : c’est à dire DID à toutes les personnes . A toutes les personnes : C’est le verbe qui porte la marque du passé : ed Ou il a une forme irrégulière Didn’t + verbe « nu » Do / does +sujet + verbe « nu » ? Did + sujet + verbe « nu » ? aux Auxiliaire DO au présent (il se conjugue : do ou does) DANGER : FA Aux temps simple, L’auxiliaire est absent à la forme affirmative : c’est FN donc le verbe qui porte la marque du temps (« s » à FI la 3ème pers du sing au présent, -ed ou forme irrégulière au prétérit) PASSE Le verbe porte un « s » à la 3ème personne du singulier, mais ne porte rien aux autres personnes. * BE + ing aux Auxiliaire BE au présent (am/is ou are) Ing est là aux trois formes FA C’est l’auxiliaire BE qui porte la marque du présent et la personne. Le verbe porte –ing C’est l’auxiliaire BE qui porte la marque du passé et la personne. Le verbe porte –ing FN Be porte la négation+verbe +ing (am not / isn’t / aren’t) Aux BE +sujet+ le verbe+ing ? Be porte la négation+verbe +ing (wasn’t / weren’t) Aux BE +sujet+ le verbe+ing ? FI * Perfect aux Auxiliaire HAVE au présent (has ou have) FA Le participe passé est là aux 3 formes A RETENIR les 3 couples : Auxiliaire BE au passé (was ou were) Auxiliaire HAVE au passé (had) FN HAS / HAVE + participe passé HAD +ppassé Participe passé= verbe +ed ou forme irrégulière (3ème colonne) Hasn’t / Haven’t + ppassé Hadn’t +ppassé FI Has / have + sujet +ppassé ? DO +BV BE + ING HAVE + PARTICIPE PASSE Had + sujet + ppassé ? POUR CONSTRUIRE LES TEMPS PRESENTS OU PASSES IL SUFFIT DE METTRE L’AUXILIAIRE AU PRESENT (do, does / am, is, are / has, have) OU AU PASSE (did / was, were / had) Exemples Temps Aspect * SIMPLE PRESENT FA I like You like He / she / it likes We like They like I don’t like You don’t like He / she /it doesn’t like We don’t like they don’t like I liked I went You liked you went He / she / it liked he/she/it went We liked we went They liked they went I didn’t like………………… I didn’t go You didn’t like………………you didn’t go He/she/it didn’t like…………he/she/it didn’t go We didn’t like……………… we didn’t go They didn’t like………… …they didn’t go FI do I like? do you like? do he / she /it like? do we like? do they like? did I like? did you like? did he / she /it like? did we like? did they like? FA I am working You are working He / she/it is working We are working They are working I am not working You aren’t working He / she/it isn’t working We aren’t working They aren’t working am I working ? are You working? is He / she/it working? are We working? are They working? I was working You were working He / she/it was working We were working They were working I was not working You weren’t working He / she/it wasn’t working We weren’t working They weren’t working was I working ? were you working? was he / she/it working? were we working? were they working? FN * BE + ing PASSE FN FI * Perfect FA FN FI I have worked You have worked He /she/it has worked we have worked they have worked I haven’t worked You haven’t worked He /she/it hasn’t worked we haven’t worked they haven’t worked have I worked ? have You worked? has He /she/it worked ? have we worked ? have they worked ? I have gone you have gone he/she/it has gone we have gone they have gone I haven’t gone you haven’t gone he/she/it hasn’t gone we haven’t gone they haven’t gone have I gone? have you gone? has he/she/it gone? have we gone? have they gone? I had worked You had worked He /she/it had worked we had worked they had worked I hadn’t worked You hadn’t worked He /she/it hadn’t worked we hadn’t worked they hadn’t worked had I worked ? had You worked? had He /she/it worked ? had we worked ? had they worked ? I had gone you had gone he/she/it had gone we had gone they had gone I hadn’t gone you hadn’t gone He /she/it hadn’t gone we hadn’t gone they hadn’t gone had I gone ? had you gone ? had he/she/it gone? had we gone? had they gone?
