6. Impacts environnementaux et sociaux du PGIE

RÉPUBLIQUE DE GUINÉE
-----------
PROGRAMME D’APPUI AUX COLLECTIVITES VILLAGEOISES
(PACV)
PROJET DE GESTION INTEGREE DES ECOSYSTEMES (PGIE)
EVALUATION ENVIRONNEMENTALE ET SOCIALE DU
PGIE
Rapport Final
Février 2006
BERCA-Baara /BERD avec l’appui de Dr Abdoulaye SENE
E1330

TABLE DES MATIERES
ABREVIATIONS .................................................................................................................................................... 2
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................................................................... 4
RESUME EXECUTIF .............................................................................................................................................. 6
1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 9
2. DESCRIPTION DU PROJET .................................................................................................................. 13
3. ENVIRONNEMENT BIOPHYSIQUE .................................................................................................... 16
4. CADRE POLITIQUE ET JURIDIQUE EN MATIERE D’ENVIRONNEMENT ................................... 44
4.1. POLITIQUE ENVIRONNEMENTALE ET SOCIALE............................................................................................. 44
4.2. LEGISLATION ENVIRONNEMENTALE ........................................................................................................... 45
a. Législation environnementale nationale .................................................................................................. 45
b. Législation environnementale internationale .......................................................................................... 47
4.3. L’ADMINISTRATION EN CHARGE DE L’ENVIRONNEMENT ........................................................................... 48
5. POLITIQUES DE SAUVEGARDES DE LA BANQUE MONDIALE ...................................................... 50
6. IMPACTS ENVIRONNEMENTAUX ET SOCIAUX DU PGIE .............................................................. 54
6.1 SOURCES D’IMPACTS POTENTIELS ............................................................................................................... 54
6.2. IMPACTS SOCIAUX NEGATIFS ...................................................................................................................... 54
6.3. IMPACTS NEGATIFS CUMULATIFS DES MICRO-PROJETS ............................................................................... 54
7. PLAN DE GESTION ENVIRONNEMENTALE ET SOCIALE (PGES) .................................................. 56
7.1. OBJECTIF ET STRATEGIES ........................................................................................................................... 56
7.2. CADRE DE GESTION ENVIRONNEMENTALE ET SOCIALE ............................................................................. 56
7.2.1 LE PROCESSUS DE SELECTION ENVIRONNEMENTALE ET SOCIALE (OU SCREENING) DES SOUS-PROJETS .... 56
7.2.2. MECANISME DE PRISE EN COMPTE DES IMPACTS NEGATIFS CUMULATIFS ................................................ 61
7.2.3. RESPONSABILITES POUR LA MISE EN ŒUVRE DU SCREENING ................................................................... 62
7. 3. RENFORCEMENT DES CAPACITES POUR LA GESTION ENVIRONNEMENTALE ET SOCIALE DU PGIE .............. 63
7.3.1. Institutions chargées de la mise en œuvre du PGIE .......................................................................... 63
7.3.2. Les contraintes dans la gestion environnementale des ressources naturelles ................................... 64
7.3.3. Recommandations pour la gestion environnementale du PGIE ........................................................ 65
7.3.4 Autres mesures institutionnelles et de renforcement des capacités .................................................... 68
8. ESTIMATION GLOBALE DES COUTS DU PGES .................................................................................. 71
9. PROCESSUS DE CONSULTATION PUBLIQUE ................................................................................ 72
ANNEXES .......................................................................................................................................................... 75
10. ANNEXES...................................................................................................................................................... 75
ANNEXE 10.1. : FORMULAIRE DE SELECTION ENVIRONNEMENTALE ET SOCIALE ............................................... 76
ANNEXE 10.2 : LISTE DE CONTROLE ENVIRONNEMENTAL ET SOCIAL ............................................................... 79
ANNEXE 10.3. REFERENCES BIBLIOGRAPHIQUES ........................................................................................ 81
REFERENCE BIBLIOGRAPHIQUE ......................................................................................................................... 82

2
Abréviations
AGR : Activités Génératrices de Revenus
AV : Animateur Villageois
BM : Banque Mondiale
CE/PACV2 Cellule Environnementale du PACV2
CGES Cadre de gestion environnementale et sociale
CRD : Communauté Rurale de Développement
CNOSE : Centre National d’Observation et de Suivi de l’Environnement
DNCQV : Direction Nationale de Contrôle de la Qualité de vie
DNE : Direction Nationale de l’Environnement
DNPN : Direction Nationale de la Protection de la Nature
DNPLPN : Direction Nationale de la Prévention et de la lutte contre les Pollution et
Nuisances
DRS/CES : Défense et Restauration des sols/Conservation des Eaux et des Sols
EES : Etude Environnementale et Sociale
EES/PGIE : Etude Environnementale et Sociale du PGIE
EIES : Etude d’Impact Environnemental et Social des sous projets
FAO : Organisation des Nations Unies pour l’Alimentation et l’Agriculture
FEM : Fonds pour l’Environnement Mondial
GIE : Gestion Intégrées des écosystèmes
GRN : Gestion des Ressources Naturelles
IEC : Information, Education Communication
IST : Infections sexuellement transmissibles
MAE : Ministère de l’Agriculture et de l’élevage
MDC : Mission de Contrôle
ME Ministère de l’Environnement
MFD Massif du Fouta Djallon
MHE Ministère de l’Hydraulique et de l’Energie
MO : Maître d’Ouvrage
MTP : Ministère des Travaux Publics
ONG : Organisation non Gouvernementale
OP : Organisation Paysanne
PACV : Programme d’Appui aux Communautés Villageoises
PDL : Plan de Développement Local

3
PFE : Point Focal Environnemental
PGES : Plan de Gestion Environnementale et Sociale
PNUD : Programme des Nations Unies pour le Développement
PRC : Plan de Renforcement des Capacités
REES : Rapport d’Etude Environnementale et Sociale
Tdr : Termes de références

4
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The PGIE is conceived within the framework of an operation of greater scale aiming to formulate and
to pilot sustainable land management in selected watersheds.
This project supports the country assistance strategy for Guinea, which aims at reducing poverty by
increasing the productivity and reduce unsustainable exploitation of natural resources caused by
limited access to adapted technologies and demographic pressures, which combine to reduce land and
water services productivity in the medium or long term.
The development objective of the project is to pilot the integration of improved land management
practices into the overall development planning process of communities and local governments in
selected pilot sub-watersheds. The GEF funded project thereby broadens the scope of the Village
Communities Support Program.
The global objective of the Project is to pilot sustainable and replicable approaches to the prevention
and mitigation of the causes and negative impacts of land degradation on the structure and functional
integrity of ecosystems. By adopting an integrated cross-sectoral approach facilitated by linking up
with the PACV2, and by using sub-watersheds as a planning basis, it will contribute to the protection
of selected critical watersheds. The objective will be achieved through the implementation of
activities compatible with OP 15 (SLM) and corresponds to GEF strategic priorities for capacity
building and the on-the-ground application of innovative approaches and technologies.
Like any other Bank financed project, community executed development projects need to comply with
the Bank’s Safeguard Policies as well as OP/BP 17.50 on Public Disclosure, which requires that all
environmental safeguard documents be made available in-country and at the Infoshop before
disclosure and approval.
Safeguard policy issues are relevant to agricultural activities because of the risk that PGIE supported
sub-project may have unintended adverse environmental or social impacts. Even in cases where
certain individual sub-projects have little or no adverse impacts, they may collectively lead to
significant cumulative impacts.
To take account of these aspects, the Environmental and Social Assessment (ESA) includes an
Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) adapted to micro projects and to income
activities, thus to identifiy the mechanisms and procedures for managing theses incidences.
In addition, the implementation of project supported activities may cause prejudice to certain
categories of people (excluded or marginalized persons), contrarily to the objectives of PGIE. In these
cases, the ESA will aim to identify the size of the risk associated, and to propose a Process framework
to compensate lost or reduced access to natural resources.
The Environmental and Social Management Framework (ESMF) of PGIE (and the Process
Framework) will allow to guide environmental and social management of project activities that might
be supplied by PGIE, and in particular compliance with national legislation and the World bank
Safeguard Policies.
The ESA further includes an analysis of national institutional and legal framework within which the
PGIE will be implemented. It also includes an analysis of the pertinence of all World Bank Safeguard
Policies for PGIE, indicating the PGIE is directly concerned by three (3) policies : 4.01 -
Environmental assessment; 4.04 - Natural Habitats; 4.12 - Involuntary Resettlement.
An essential component for the ESMF of the PGIE is its Screening Process of sub-projects. This
process underlines the environmental norms and standards that will be applied to PGIE funded sub-