
Microlearning, characterized by short, focused learning segments, is designed to improve knowledge
retention and learner engagement. However, without thoughtful design, even microlearning can fall
short. This is where game design principles make a powerful difference. By adding interactive,
reward-based, and goal-oriented elements, learners become active participants in their development
journey.
The DDE Framework serves as a blueprint for integrating these principles seamlessly into
microlearning. It structures content delivery in a way that aligns with how people learn best—through
observation, active practice, and timely feedback.
Introducing the DDE Framework
The DDE Framework—Demonstrate, Do, Evaluate—is inspired by well-established educational
psychology and game design principles. It breaks the learning experience into three key phases:
1. Demonstrate
In this phase, learners are introduced to new concepts, skills, or procedures. The focus is on clarity,
simplicity, and real-world relevance. This is where instructors—or the learning system—demonstrate
the task, behavior, or concept, often through visuals, videos, or simulations.
For example, a microlearning platform module for customer service might begin with a short,
animated video that shows an ideal interaction with a customer. This visual demonstration helps
learners form a mental model of what success looks like before they attempt the task themselves.
Game design tip: Use storytelling or scenario-based introductions to contextualize the content and
create emotional engagement. This also sets the stage for immersive gameplay that mirrors real-life
challenges.
2. Do
Once learners understand the task, they move into the “Do” phase. This is the active, hands-on
segment of the microlearning experience, where learners interact with the content, make decisions,
and apply their knowledge.
This stage is highly suited to gamification. Learners might be asked to complete a simulation, solve a
problem, make choices in a branching scenario, or compete in a timed challenge. The goal is to
practice the skill in a low-risk environment while receiving immediate feedback.