Rapport

Rapport du mini-projet
Produced by :
Hafsa Iourane
Meryem Guemmi
Hala Marrak
Hajar Mgani
Supervised by :
Monsieur Aniss Moumen
Major :
Génie Industriel
May 31, 2023

The finale report of our mini-project
Contents
1 Introduction : 2
2 Problematic : 3
3 Theory Of Planned Behaviour 4
4 Interview guide 5
5 Interviews 6
6 Transcriptions 8
7 Population and Sample 22
8 Questionnaire 23
9 R script : 24
9.1 Definition of Research Problem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
9.2 Datacollection: ........................... 24
9.3 Pre-Data processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
9.4 Data processing and analysis : . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
10 The sources : 28
1

1 Introduction :
The entrepreneurial intention among students is an exciting field of study that
seeks to understand the motivations and determinants of their willingness to
become entrepreneurs. In the scope of this project, we will explore this theme
by drawing upon the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) framework.
The TPB model, developed by psychologist Ajzen, offers a conceptual ap-
proach to explain human behavior, including entrepreneurial intention. Accord-
ing to this model, the intention to engage in entrepreneurship is influenced by
three main factors: attitudes, social norms, and perceived behavioral control.
Attitudes represent individuals’ opinions about entrepreneurship, its advan-
tages, and disadvantages. Social norms refer to the perception of social approval
or support that individuals may receive from their environment to become en-
trepreneurs. Finally, perceived behavioral control pertains to individuals’ belief
in their own ability to succeed as entrepreneurs and overcome obstacles.
This project aims to apply the TPB model to gain a better understanding of
how these factors influence entrepreneurial intention among students. We will
examine students’ attitudes towards entrepreneurship, the social norms that can
encourage or discourage them, as well as their perception of their own capability
to undertake entrepreneurial endeavors.
By employing surveys, case studies, and interviews, we will gather data
to assess the different dimensions of entrepreneurial intention among students.
Subsequently, we will analyze this data in light of the TPB model to determine
key factors that influence their willingness to engage in entrepreneurship.
By understanding the determinants of entrepreneurial intention among stu-
dents, this project can contribute to the development of policies and educa-
tional programs aimed at fostering entrepreneurship among young individuals.
The findings obtained can also provide valuable insights to higher education
institutions and organizations seeking to support and guide students in their
entrepreneurial ventures.
In conclusion, this project will combine the Theory of Planned Behavior
(TPB) with the study of entrepreneurial intention among students. By utilizing
the TPB model as a conceptual framework, we will seek to comprehend the mo-
tivations and influences that shape students’ entrepreneurial intention, thereby
contributing to a better understanding of this dynamic and informing future
initiatives aimed at promoting entrepreneurship among the youth.
2

2 Problematic :
Entrepreneurial intention is defined as the commitment to adopt the necessary
behavior to start a business. It can also be defined as a mindset in which people
aspire to create a new business or add value within existing organizations.
According to the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor (GEM) World Report
ranking, Morocco has experienced a significant increase from 6.7 percent to
11.4 percent in terms of business creation among the adult population by the
end of 2020. Maroc Hebdo magazine has proven that 300,000 young people are
graduating each year, and a majority of them are starting their own businesses.
However, despite this entrepreneurial growth in Morocco, it is observed that
the percentage of ENSAK graduates who become entrepreneurs has not shown
a remarkable increase.
To analyze this phenomenon, we will conduct a study using both quantitative
and qualitative approaches on the theme of "Entrepreneurial Intention among
ENSAK Students."
Do ENSAK students possess entrepreneurial intention?
3

3 Theory Of Planned Behaviour
Explanation of the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB): The Theory of
Planned Behavior, developed by Ajzen (1991, 2005), emerged in the field of
social psychology as a means of predicting behavior. It is based on the obser-
vation that individuals make reasoned decisions, and behavior is the result of
the intention to engage in that behavior. The stronger the intention, the more
effort a person will put into pursuing that behavior, making it more likely that
they will engage in it. The intention is influenced by three variables. Firstly,
beliefs and attitudes, which refer to an individual’s conviction that results in an
attitude towards a behavior. Secondly, norms, which reflect the influence of the
external environment on an individual’s thoughts. Lastly, perceived behavioral
control, which refers to whether the individual has all the necessary means to
achieve their goal.
Application of the TPB Model to the Topic: "Entrepreneurial Intention of
ENSAK Students"
As a team, and applying the TPB model to our research question, we agreed
to divide this model into two behaviors:
A) Existence of intention: the student possesses entrepreneurial thinking.
B) Absence of intention: the student does not possess entrepreneurial thinking.
We observed that both behaviors have a similar model, with the following
variables:
- Belief + Attitude: Belief results in an attitude in the form of entrepreneurial
intention.
- Norms: Advice and experiences from the student’s social environment.
- Perceived behavioral control: Financial ability. Entrepreneurial mindset.
Skills and expertise.
4