-D&( 4'-( *&,%/4'-( `( ^9( "4'O"( *%.-%( ZD'( -D&( 4'-( .%O'*DY( )'( =&'DO'( 3( )'-( #",*W*.*4H-'-( =$D&( ->"4*&;%&(
'.-D%,'(`()'-(*&,%/4'-()'(ZD*4%,"(%.7"&%'D&'8((
I82 F'-()%77"&'.,'-(#$)*4%,"-(',(,H='-()D(J'K.'(
(
F*( 4%,,"&*,D&'( -/%'.,%7%ZD'( /$./'&.*.,( )'( #*.%M&'( -,&%/,'( 4'( J'K.'( '-,( 4%#%,"'( /S'b( 4>S$##'8( 0$D-(
*O$.-(*--$/%"(`(.$,&'(&'/S'&/S'?(4*(4%,,"&*,D&'()'(&'-,&%/,%$.(/*4$&%ZD'(ZD%(='&#',(D.'(/$#=*&*%-$.(
.D,&%,%$..'44'(L=$%)-(',(/$#=$-%,%$.(/$&=$&'44'P(#*%-(=*-(#",*@$4%ZD'8(
<*.-(/'(,&*O*%4?(I(,H='-()'(J'K.'($.,(*%.-%(","()%-,%.;D"-_(4*(&'-,&%/,%$.(/*4$&%ZD'(/$.,%.D'(',(4'(J'K.'(
%.,'&#%,,'.,8(
F*(&'-,&%/,%$.(/*4$&%ZD'?(g(/*4$&%/(&'-,&%/,%$.(i($D(5n(O*&%'('.()D&"'(LI(J$D&-(`(2Q(#$%-P(',('.(%.,'.-%,"(
L2]( `( 2]]o( )'-( @'-$%.-( J$D&.*4%'&-)8( F>*==$&,( /*4$&%ZD'( ='D,( e,&'( *#'."( =*&( D.( &'=*-( D.%ZD'(
ZD$,%)%'.( 4*%--*.,( =4*/'( `( IUS( )>*@-,'.,%$.( )'( ,$D,'( .$D&&%,D&'( $D( e,&'( 7&*/,%$.."( '.( =4D-%'D&-(
=',%,'-(/$44*,%$.-(*D(/$D&-()'-(2IS()'(4*(J$D&."'(LUP8(0$,$.-(ZD'(4>*==$&,(*4%#'.,*%&'?(#e#'(#%.%#'?(
&"=$.)( *DY( /*&*/,"&%-,%ZD'-( )>D.'( *4%#'.,*,%$.( "ZD%4%@&"'8( 6*&7$%-?( 4'-( *D,'D&-( 7$.,( &"7"&'./'( *D( g(
)%',*&H(&'-,&%/,%$.(i(L<nP(ZD%(/$&&'-=$.)(`(D.'(&'-,&%/,%$.()'(/'&,*%.-(*4%#'.,-(',(.>'-,(=*-(,$DJ$D&-(
*--$/%"(`(D.'(&")D/,%$.()'(4>*==$&,(".'&;",%ZD'(LRP8(c'D4-(4'-(*&,%/4'-(/$./'&.*.,(D.'(&'-,&%/,%$.()'(
4>*==$&,( ".'&;",%ZD'( $.,( ","( %./4D-( )*.-( 4>*.*4H-'8( F'-( =&%./%=*4'-( ",D)'-( SD#*%.'-( )'( 5n( -$.,(
4>",D)'( 53Fhn^h?( 4>",D)'( )'( 4*( E%$-=SM&'( $D( /'44'( )D( !%..'-$,*8( <'-( #$)M4'-( )'( 7*#%.'?( )'(
=&%-$..%'&()'(;D'&&'($D()'(;&MO'()'(4*(7*%#(-$.,(*D--%(*.*4H-"-()*.-(/'(,&*O*%4(#*4;&"(4'(#*.ZD'()'(
)$.."'-( =&"/%-'-( -D&( 4>*==$&,( ".'&;",%ZD'( ZD$,%)%'.(_( %4-( -$.,( /$.-%)"&"-( /$##'( ,"#$%.( )'-(
/$.-"ZD'./'-()'(&'-,&%/,%$.(/*4$&%ZD'(`(4$.;(,'&#'8(
F$&-( )D( J'K.'( %.,'&#%,,'.,?( g( 34,'&.*,'( <*H( 9*-,%.;(i( $D( 3<9?( D.( J$D&( )'( J'K.'?( $p( 4>*//M-( `( 4*(
.$D&&%,D&'( '-,( &'-,&'%.,( $D( -D==&%#"?( ->*4,'&.'( *O'/( D.( J$D&( )'( .$D&&%,D&'( ad$ libitum.$ F>*4,'&.*./'(
)D&'( 4'( =4D-( -$DO'.,( '.,&'( 2IS( ',( IRS( LTP8( 5'( ,H='( )'( J'K.'( .>'-,( =*-( 7$&/"#'.,( *--$/%"( `( D.'(
)%#%.D,%$.(;4$@*4'()'(4>*==$&,(".'&;",%ZD'(LRP8(<>*D,&'-(7$&#'-()'(J'K.'(%.,'&#%,,'.,?(%./4D'.,(I(`(R(
J$D&-( )'( J'K.'( *4,'&."-( *O'/( I( `( R( J$D&-( ad$ libitum8( E%'.( ZD'( 4>$.( &',&$DO'( =*&7$%-( 4'( ,'&#'( ^9(
L%.,'&#%,,'.,(7*-,%.;P()*.-(4*(4%,,"&*,D&'?(.$D-(;*&)'&$.-(4>*=='44*,%$.(3<9(=$D&()"-%;.'&(4>'.-'#@4'(
)'( /'-( J'K.'-( %.,'&#%,,'.,-( LXP8( F'-( )'DY( #$)*4%,"-( )>3<9( /S'b( 4>SD#*%.( '.( -*.,"( *H*.,( 4'( =4D-(
-$DO'.,( 7*%,( 4>$@J',( )>*.*4H-'-( -/%'.,%7%ZD'-( -$.,( 4'( &*#*)*.( %-4*#%ZD'( ',( 4'( J'K.'( )'-( d&'/ZD'-(
a&,S$)$Y'-(/S&",%'.-(L[P8(
(
I8I F'-(=$=D4*,%$.-(/%@4'-(
(
F'-(",D)'-(-D&(4'(J'K.'(=$&,'.,(=&%./%=*4'#'.,(-D&(ZD*,&'(=$=D4*,%$.-()%77"&'.,'-8(aD,&'(4'-(#$)M4'-(
*.%#*DY?(%4(->*;%,()'(-DJ',-('.(-*.,"?()'(-DJ',-('.(-D&/S*&;'(=$.)"&*4'($D($@M-'-?()'(-DJ',-(#*4*)'-(
',()'( -DJ',-( -=$&,%7-8( 5$##'( .$D-( *44$.-( 4'( O$%&?( 4*( =SH-%$4$;%'( )'( 4*( &"=$.-'( *D( J'K.'( )'( /'-(
=$=D4*,%$.-(O*&%'(=*&(=4D-%'D&-(*-='/,-8((
(
I8I82 F'(J'K.'()D(-DJ',('.(-*.,"(LE8(E'*D7&M&'?(N8(F'O'&O'P(LQP(
(
^4('-,( %#=$&,*.,( )'( )%77"&'./%'&( 4'( J'K.'( /$D&,( )D( J'K.'( =&$4$.;"8(F'(J'K.'( g( /$D&,( i?( /$./'&.'( 4'-(
="&%$)'-( -D//")*.,( 4>",*,( =$-,W*@-$&=,%7( ',( ='D,( )D&'&( )'( 2IS( `( UWT( J$D&-8( F'( J'K.'( g( =&$4$.;"( i(
/$##'./'(ZD*.,(`(4D%(O'&-(4'(TW[M#'(J$D&(',(='D,()D&'&(=4D-%'D&-(-'#*%.'-8(
<*.-( 4'( J'K.'( /$D&,?( 4'( @D,( =&%./%=*4( )'( 4>$&;*.%-#'( '-,( )'( 7$D&.%&( )D( ;4D/$-'( *D( /'&O'*D( =*&(
;4D/$."$;'.M-'?( `( =*&,%&( )'-( */%)'-( *#%."-( =&%./%=*4'#'.,?( #*%-( *D--%( )D( ;4H/"&$4( =*&( 4%=$4H-'8(
5'='.)*.,?( )D&*.,( /',,'( ="&%$)'?( 4'-( ='&,'-( D&%.*%&'-( *b$,"'-( L,"#$%.( )D( /*,*@$4%-#'( =&$,"%ZD'P(
&'-,'.,( "ZD%O*4'.,'-( `( /'44'-( $@-'&O"'-( 4$&-( )>D.'( *4%#'.,*,%$.( .$&#*4'( /'( ZD%( -%;.%7%'( ZD>'.(
4>*@-'./'( )>*==$&,( *b$,"( 4*( @*4*./'( )'O%'.,( ,&M-( g( .";*,%O'( i( #'.*.,( `( D.'( ='&,'( &*=%)'( )'(
=&$,"%.'-8( F'( #D-/4'( '-,( *4$&-( 4'( =&%./%=*4( =&$)D/,'D&( )>*/%)'-( *#%."-( =*&( =&$,"$4H-'8( F*( -H.,SM-'(