Conclusions
•Application of modern marketing methods can
well lead to improve access to veterinary drugs
and vaccines in Africa.
•Most important is to understand the real needs
of farmers and veterinarians and to respect
these needs in all marketing aspects,
summarized under the “4 Ps”.
•Marketing of veterinary drugs and vaccines is
not exclusively done by pharmaceutical
companies, but is the consequence of the
interaction of public services, private companies
and the industry.