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ABSTRACT
Since the beginning of the 1980’s, Quebec's theatrical milieu interest for Chekhov
plays is growing. However, the translated plays do not reflect the tendency which, in
the 1970’s and the 1980’s, consisted in adapting the foreign classics of theater in an
ethnocentric way, especially by translating them into québécois French. For Chekhov,
the translators and the practitioners seemed more worried about the dramaturgic
aspects of the language than by the sociolinguistic adaptation of the plays to the context
of reception. Intrigued by this phenomenon, we tried to verify and understand it by
analyzing three Uncle Vania plays translated and produced in Quebec between 1983 and
2001.
Our work is at the crossroads of two disciplines : traductology and dramaturgical
analysis. It tries to demonstrate the strictly dramaturgic roots of the various translations
strategies for Uncle Vania by studying the series of their concretizations, from the
source text to the target mise en jeu. The corpus consists of two mimetic translations
and a rewriting. The first play is Oncle Vania, translated by Michel Tremblay (1983),
where the idiolect of Marina, one of the characters, was translated in joual in order to
recreate the dramaturgic effect of the source text. In the second translation, Uncle
Vanya, played in English at the Centaur Theater (1993), the lines of professor
Serebryakov were translated into French by Jean-Louis Roux, the character's interpreter,
and emphasize several of his characteristics. The third play of the corpus is a rewriting
of Chekhov's, (Uncle) Vanya by Howard Barker, translated in Quebec by Paul Lefebvre
(2001). The vulgarity of the language of this last play was translated in a semantic way, in
order to recreate the show/spectator relation particular to the Barker’s Theatre of
Catastrophe.
These Uncle Vania’s versions are very different from one another and
demonstrate that translation, as a process of dramaturgic analysis, can contribute to the
criticism and the reflection on the work of Chekhov. In fact, these translations seem to
participate more in the global history of the interpretation of Chekhov’s theater in
French, than in a sociopolitical reading of theatrical translation in Quebec. In
contributing top translation studies by the mean of dramaturgical analysis, this work
also sheds new light on the history of theatrical translation in Quebec.
Key words : Quebec drama; translation; sociolinguistics; dramaturgy; Anton Chekhov;
Howard Barker