Etat Initial de l’Environnement du SCoT Alsace Bossue, Biotope octobre 2014 4
Sommaire
Introduction_______________________________________________________________________________ 3
Présentation du territoire d’étude _____________________________________________________________ 6
OCCUPATION DU SOL ET CONSOMMATION DES ESPACES NATURELS ________________________________ 8
Occupation du sol ________________________________________________________________________ 8
Analyse de la consommation de l’espace _____________________________________________________ 9
PATRIMOINE _____________________________________________________________________________ 14
1. Patrimoine paysager ___________________________________________________________________ 14
Alsace Bossue (unité 1) __________________________________________________________________ 15
Vosges du Nord (unité 2) _________________________________________________________________ 18
Patrimoine bâti _________________________________________________________________________ 22
2. Patrimoine naturel ____________________________________________________________________ 25
Principaux acteurs de la biodiversité et des espaces naturels _____________________________________ 25
Zonages réglementaires __________________________________________________________________ 27
Zonage d’inventaire ______________________________________________________________________ 30
Vergers hautes tiges _____________________________________________________________________ 33
Forêts et boisements _____________________________________________________________________ 37
Trame Verte et Bleue ____________________________________________________________________ 40
3. Agriculture ___________________________________________________________________________ 48
RESSOURCES NATURELLES _________________________________________________________________ 51
4. Air et Energie ________________________________________________________________________ 51
Qualité de l’air __________________________________________________________________________ 51
Energie ________________________________________________________________________________ 55
5. Eau ________________________________________________________________________________ 62
Cours d’eau ____________________________________________________________________________ 62
Zones humides _________________________________________________________________________ 69
Ressources en eau ______________________________________________________________________ 74
Assainissement _________________________________________________________________________ 81
6. Ressource du sol ______________________________________________________________________ 86
L’extraction de matériaux _________________________________________________________________ 86
CONTRAINTES ___________________________________________________________________________ 89
7. Pollutions et nuisances _________________________________________________________________ 89
Sites et sols pollués ______________________________________________________________________ 89