A. Subject Pronouns – used as the subject of the sentence je = I

A. Subject Pronouns – used as the subject of the sentence
je = I
nous = we
tu = you (familiar & singular)
vous = you (formal sing.or plural ; plural for familar
il = he, it (for masculine objects)
ils = they (for all guys or both girls and guys)
elle = she ; it (for feminine objects)
elles = they (for all girls)
on = one, people, we, they
B. Stress Pronouns (pronoms accentués)
moi
me
nous
us
toi
you
vous
you
lui
him
eux
them
elle
her
elles
them
uses:
-after a preposition (avec moi; pour toi; à elle)
-before and after « et » : Lui et moi, nous allons…
-as a one word answer : Qui ? Lui!
-after c’est or ce sont
-to emphasize or stress the subject: Eux, ils ne font
pas ça !
- in expressions with « même » such as moi-même =
myself: eux-mêmes = themselves
C. Reflexive Pronouns – can be translated with“self” as in myself, yourself, himself, etc.
me (m’)
nous
te (t’)
vous
se (s’)
se (s’)
Used with pronominal verbs
(reflexive verbs):
se laver > Il se lave.
s’appeler > Elles s’appellent.
D. Direct Object Pronouns – replace a noun (answer the question whom or what)
me (me)
nous (us)
te (you)
vous (you)
le (him ; it)
les (them)
la (her ; it)
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
The direct object pronoun is placed directly in front of the conjugated verb. If
there are two verbs, one conjugated and one infinitive, the pronoun goes in
front of the infinitive.
exemple: Je le regarde. Je vais le regarder.

me, te, le and la become m’, t’, l’ and l’ before a vowel.
E. Indirect Object Pronouns – replace a noun which is the indirect object of the sentence.
(answer the question to or for what or whom). French verbs which are followed by the
preposition à require indirect object pronouns (rather than direct object)
example: I give Mary the tickets. Give to whom? To Mary. I give the tickets to her.
me (to me)
te (to you)
lui (to him or her)
nous (to us)
vous (to you)
leur (to them)
Some common verbs which need à before a person, and thus need indirect object
pronouns:
*acheter; demander; donner; écrire; envoyer ; offrir; parler; plaire (to be pleasing to) ;
répondre ; téléphoner.
***These verbs do NOT use indirect object pronouns: attendre (to wait for); écouter
(to listen to); regarder (to look at)
F. Double Object Pronouns
If there are two object pronouns in the same sentence, use the following order:
me
te
nous
vous
le
la
les
lui
leur
y
en
verbe
The word order changes in positive commands. The pronouns go after the
verb, joined by hyphens. In positive commands, me and te become “moi” and
“toi”.
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In a positive command, use this word order :
verbe -
-le
-moi
- la
- toi
-les
-lui
-y
-en
-nous
-vous
-leur
[moi & en = m’en; toi & en = t’en]
G. Relative pronouns – they can join two clauses
qui – serves as the subject of the dependent clause
que – serves as the direct object of the dependent clause
Voici un livre. Tu as acheté le livre. Voici le livre que tu as acheté.
Le livre est sur la table. C’est mon livre. Le livre qui est sur la table est mon livre.
H. Interrogative pronouns – for asking questions
The qui or que at the beginning means it’s a person or thing,
The qui or que at the end means it’s a subject or direct object.
Qu’est-ce que = what
Qu’est-ce qui = what (as subject)
Qui est-ce que = whom
Qui est-ce qui = who
exemples : Qu’est-ce que tu fais ?
What are you doing ?
Qui est que tu regardes ?
Whom are you watching ?
Qu’est-ce qui te plait?
What pleases you –what do you like?
Qui est-ce qui arrive demain?
Who is arriving now ?
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