Proposition de sujet de thèse à l’appui d’une demande de contrat doctoral 2017-2087
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Nom, prénom du directeur de l'unité de recherche : Pierre-Olivier Couraud
Numéro de l'unité de recherche (et établissement de rattachement) : Institut Cochin – INSERM U1016
Nom, prénom du responsable de l'équipe d'accueil (EAD) : Frédéric Batteux
Nom, prénom du directeur de thèse : Carole Nicco
Titre du sujet de thèse proposé :
Study of the GSH pathway and development of therapeutic antioxidants against oxaliplatine induced
peripheral neuropathies
Citer 5 mots clés :
Peripheral neuropathy, chemotherapy, antioxidant, GSH, cancer
Candidat pressenti : OUI NON
Contenu scientifique du programme de la thèse (en anglais)
Oxaliplatin is a salt-based chemotherapy that acts through the induction of oxidative stress (1), but this
also causes severe peripheral neuropathies (CIPN) implicating a restriction of dosage and / or duration
of the anticancer therapy. The implication of oxidative stress in the pathophysiology of CIPN has been
demonstrated by numerous studies. Among the pathways modulated by oxaliplatin it has been shown
that glutathione (GSH) is largely achieved (5). GSH is an antioxidant tri-peptide, cofactor of several
enzymes, involved in the detoxification of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species). Enzymes involved in the
synthesis of GSH, such as thioredoxin (TRX), Glutathione Cystein Ligase and Glutathione Peroxidase,
can be modulated either by activation of the Nrf2 transcription factor or by intracellular cysteine supplied
by the xcT cystine / glutamate antiporter. Nrf2, the xcT antiporter and also TRX play a key role in the
redox state during high oxidative stress, which is the described context of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral
neuropathy.
Our team has shown that oxaliplatin decreases the level of GSH and increases H2O2 concentration in
cultured neurons (N2a) and that in a murine model of CIPN both tumor growth and peripheral
neuropathy are decreased by the combination of oxaliplatin with a GSH modulator (2).
This project aims to characterize the involvement of pathways having a role in the regulation of GSH and
determine antioxidant molecules that could prevent CIPN when associated with oxaliplatin. Therefore we
will carry out studies in vitro on cells and in vivo on wild and transgenic murine models of CIPN that have
been developed in the laboratory to identify and characterize the different pathways involved.
Indiquez les cinq meilleures publications récentes de l’équipe :
1: Saidu NE et al. Dimethyl Fumarate Controls the NRF2/DJ-1 Axis in Cancer Cells: Therapeutic
Applications. Mol Cancer Ther. 2017 Mar;16(3):529-539.
2: Cerles O et al. Niclosamide Inhibits Oxaliplatin Neurotoxicity while Improving Colorectal Cancer
Therapeutic Response. Mol Cancer Ther. 2017 Feb;16(2):300-311.
3: Kavian N, et al. Imbalance of the Vanin-1 Pathway in Systemic Sclerosis. J Immunol. 2016
15;197(8):3326-3335
4: Morin F et al. Niclosamide Prevents Systemic Sclerosis in a Reactive Oxygen Species-Induced Mouse
Model. J Immunol. 2016 Oct 15;197(8):3018-3028.
5: Coriat R et al. Treatment of oxaliplatin-induced peripheral neuropathy by intravenous mangafodipir. J
Clin Invest. 2014 Jan;124(1):262-72.