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Les cahiers de la construction

Tรฉlรฉchargement
Ajouter ร  la (aux) collection (s) Ajouter ร  enregistrรฉ
Bourgogne
Bรขtiment Durable
Les cahiers de la construction
durable en Bourgogne
Nยฐ 8 โ€ข Dร‰CEMBRE 2015
Bรขtiments performants
et qualitรฉ de lโ€™air intรฉrieur
Avec le sou๎†Ÿen ๎„ฎnancier de :
sommaire
Contexte et enjeux de la qualitรฉ de lโ€™air intรฉrieur
๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†
๎€’๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„‚๎… ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎„š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ
de la qualitรฉ de lโ€™air intรฉrieur
๎š๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†๎†๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎„ธ๎„๎„‚๎„๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ
๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†
๎—๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎†‰๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ฉ๎„ž๎†š๎†
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๎€‘๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†
๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ
๎€พ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎ฏ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎„ž๎…ต๎„๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ญ๎ต๎ต๎ฒ๎€ƒ๎พ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎€ƒ๎€พ๎€„๎จ๎š๎€œ๎ฟ๎€ƒ
๎„‚๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†๎†Ÿ๎†š๎†ต๎„ ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎จ๎€ƒdroit ร  respirer un air qui ne nuise pas ร  la santรฉ๎€ƒ๎ฉ๎•๎€ƒ๎„๎›๎„ ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎‡†๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎…๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…๎…ถ๎„๎…๎†‰๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎‡€๎…๎†๎„ ๎„ž๎˜๎€ƒ๎€˜๎„ž๎†‰๎†ต๎…๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ต๎…ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎„ ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ
๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎…๎„๎†ต๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ ๎†š๎„‚๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…๎†๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ž๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎€œ๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎•๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†๎…๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ต๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ž๎†š๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎‡†๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎„๎…๎‡€๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎˜๎€ƒ๎€˜๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ก๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†š๎„ž๎…ต๎†‰๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎„๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎†Œ๎„Ÿ๎…๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎…ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎›๎„ ๎†‰๎†ต๎…๎†๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„‚๎†š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎…๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†๎…๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎‡€๎„‚๎†๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†Ÿ๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎‡€๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎„ ๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…š๎„‚๎„๎…๎†š๎„‚๎†š๎•๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†ต๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎„๎†๎˜๎€ƒ๎ž๎…๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…ต๎„ ๎…ฏ๎…๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†š๎…š๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ต๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎†ต๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎†๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎‡€๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎…ถ๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†ต๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎†๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ฉ๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†
๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎„š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎˜
๎€œ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎„จ๎„จ๎„ž๎†š๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎…ฝ๎†๎†๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…ต๎…๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎‡‡๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎‡€๎…๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎‡€๎„ ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†š๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†๎„ ๎„๎†ต๎†Œ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎†ต๎†š๎…๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„‚๎†š๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†š๎…๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎†š๎…๎†š๎†ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎†๎†๎…๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎…ฝ๎„๎„๎†ต๎†‰๎„‚๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ฉ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎˜๎€ƒ๎—๎„‚๎†Œ๎…ต๎…๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„š๎…๎„ซ๎„ ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„จ๎„‚๎„๎†š๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎…๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎„‚๎„๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎„๎„๎†ต๎†‰๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎…ฉ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ฎ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…๎†Œ๎„๎†ต๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†๎…ต๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎†ต๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ฉ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎†Ÿ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†ต๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎„‚๎†๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ณ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎ต๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎น๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†š๎„ž๎…ต๎†‰๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎„‚๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†๎˜
๎ž๎…๎•๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎…๎†Ÿ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎„จ๎„ž๎†Œ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎‡†๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎†Œ๎…๎…ถ๎„๎…๎†‰๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†๎†‰๎„ž๎„๎†š๎„ ๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎‡€๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎…ต๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎†‰๎„ ๎„๎…๎„ฎ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎…ต๎„๎†Œ๎„ž๎†ต๎†๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎‡€๎„‚๎†Œ๎…๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎˜๎€ƒ๎€„๎†ต๎†๎†๎…๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…๎„จ๎„ ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎„š๎†ต๎…๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎†ต๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎…ต๎„ž๎†ต๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎†Ÿ๎„ž๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„•๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎…๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎…๎„๎†ต๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎†š๎†Œ๎…๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ
๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎…๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ž๎†ฉ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†ˆ๎†ต๎‡€๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎•๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎†Ÿ๎„๎…๎†‰๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„š๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„ ๎…ต๎…๎†๎†๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎„๎†๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎„๎…๎‡€๎„ž๎†๎˜
๎€พ๎›๎„‚๎†ต๎…๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†š๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†๎›๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎†‰๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎„š๎„‚๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ
๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎˜๎€ƒ๎€œ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎„ซ๎„ž๎†š๎•๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎…๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„๎…š๎…ฝ๎„๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ ๎†š๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎ญ๎ต๎ณ๎ฌ๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†ฉ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†๎…๎‡€๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„š๎…๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…š๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…ต๎„ ๎…ฏ๎…๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ ๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎…š๎„ ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†‰๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„š๎†ต๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„ฎ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎„๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎˜๎€ƒ๎€„๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†ฉ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎‡†๎…๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†๎›๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ฉ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„ฎ๎„๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…๎…ถ๎†๎†š๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†Ÿ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎พ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†‰๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎ฟ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎‡€๎…ฝ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„ ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†๎†ต๎„ธ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎‡€๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎„ธ๎„๎„‚๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎†๎˜
๎€พ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎„š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎†ต๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…๎…ถ๎„๎…๎†‰๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎„š๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎†ต๎…๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ต๎…๎†๎†๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎จ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ ๎„š๎…๎…ฝ๎„๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฉ๎•
๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎… ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎‡€๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎„๎†๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎…๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎…๎†๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…๎€ƒ๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ต๎„ž๎˜๎€ƒ๎—๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎„ ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎•๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎†๎„ž๎…ต๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„๎†š๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎…ฝ๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎†‰๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†
๎„š๎…๎„ซ๎„ ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ต๎„Ÿ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎…‡๎†ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎•๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†š๎„‚๎…ต๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ ๎†š๎…š๎…ฝ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎…ฝ๎†‰๎„ ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…š๎„‚๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ต๎…ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎†Ÿ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎˜
๎€ฆ๎„‚๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎†š๎„‚๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ฉ๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎„ ๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎…๎€ƒ๎†๎›๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…š๎†ต๎…๎†Ÿ๎„Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎†ต๎…ต๎„ ๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒCahiers de la Construc๎†Ÿon durable en Bourgogne
๎‡€๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎„๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„š๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎…๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎†š๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†š๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎„๎…ฏ๎„ ๎…ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎—๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎…ฏ๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎„‚๎„๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…๎…ถ๎„๎…๎†‰๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„š๎†ต๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎๎€ƒ๎€’๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎›๎„‚๎†๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎„š๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†š๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎…๎…ฏ๎…๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎„ธ๎„๎„‚๎„๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎„ ๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†š๎„ž๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎๎€ƒ๎€’๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎…ฝ๎„๎„๎†ต๎†‰๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†š๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ฉ๎„ž๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎„ ๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎
2
Alain MORIN,
Directeur
de la Santรฉ Publique
ร  lโ€™ARS Bourgogne
๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎†ต๎…๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎‡€๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎…๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎†๎†š๎…š๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†ต๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎„๎„๎…๎„š๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„๎„‚๎†ต๎†๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†๎†‰๎„ž๎„๎†š๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†š๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎…๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„š๎†ต๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎„๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎„‚๎„๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎„‚๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†๎˜
๎„๎„‚๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎…๎„ž๎†๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎„๎…ฏ๎„Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†š๎…š๎„ ๎…ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„ž๎‡†๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ
๎„š๎›๎„‚๎†ต๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ
๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎„จ๎„จ๎„ž๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†๎†‰๎„ ๎„๎…๎„จ๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎พ๎…๎†Œ๎†Œ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎„‚๎†ต๎•๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„‚๎†ต๎†๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„๎„ ๎†‰๎…š๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†š๎…š๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎…๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎†š๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†‰๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†Œ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎˜๎˜๎˜๎ฟ๎˜๎€ƒ๎€„๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎‡†๎„๎„ž๎†‰๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„‚๎„š๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ
๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎‡†๎‡‡๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎†Œ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…ต๎…๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ
๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†‹๎†ต๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎„‚๎„๎†š๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎˜๎€ƒ๎…๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎‡€๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎†š๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†š๎„ž๎„จ๎…ฝ๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„๎„ž๎†Œ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎„๎†๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡Œ๎„Ÿ๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„š๎„ ๎…š๎‡‡๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ ๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…๎„Ÿ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†๎˜
๎€พ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎…ฝ๎„๎„๎†ต๎†‰๎„‚๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†ต๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ ๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎„š๎†ต๎…๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„š๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ
๎†๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎‡†๎†š๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„๎†š๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„‚๎†š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎‡€๎„‚๎†Œ๎…๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎—๎€ƒ๎€„๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎…๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎พ๎€„๎š๎ž๎ฟ๎•๎€ƒ
๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎‡€๎…๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…ต๎†ต๎…ถ๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎…š๎‡‡๎…๎…๎„Ÿ๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎•๎€ƒ
๎„๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†Ÿ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ๎…š๎†€๎†‰๎…๎†š๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎•๎€ƒ๎‹๎„๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎‡€๎„‚๎†š๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎•๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎„ž๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ ๎„š๎…๎„๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎•๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†๎†๎…ฝ๎„๎…๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎‡€๎„ž๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎•๎€ƒetc๎˜
๎€ฏ๎…ฏ๎€ƒ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎•๎€ƒ ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ ๎„๎…š๎„‚๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎…๎†๎•๎€ƒ ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎„๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„š๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎†๎…๎†š๎†ต๎„‚๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ ๎„‚๎‡€๎„ž๎„๎€ƒ ๎†‰๎†Œ๎†ต๎„š๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ ๎„‚๎„จ๎…๎…ถ๎€ƒ ๎„š๎›๎„ ๎‡€๎…๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ ๎…ฏ๎›๎…๎…ถ๎†‹๎†ต๎…๎„ ๎†š๎†ต๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎„๎†š๎…๎‡€๎„ž๎˜๎€ƒ ๎€พ๎„‚๎€ƒ
๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†๎‡‡๎„๎…š๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎†š๎…ฝ๎†ต๎…ฉ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†š๎‡‡๎†‰๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎‡€๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎„ซ๎„ž๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎…๎†Ÿ๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†๎…๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎„š๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…๎†๎€ƒ
๎„๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ
๎…ต๎…ฝ๎„๎…๎…ฏ๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†ต๎„จ๎†๎˜
๎€ฏ๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†Œ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎›๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…๎•๎€ƒ๎„‚๎‡€๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…ฝ๎„๎„๎†ต๎†‰๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎„๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†ต๎„จ๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎‡€๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ก๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎„ž๎„๎†š๎„ ๎˜๎€ƒ๎€˜๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ก๎…ต๎„ž๎•
๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ฉ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎‡†๎…๎…ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎‡€๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ก๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎€ƒ
๎†๎‡‡๎†๎†š๎„Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎„ ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎˜๎€ƒ๎—๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎€„๎š๎ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ
๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†Ÿ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎‡€๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎†๎†๎…๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎‡€๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†ต๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎˜
๎ž๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎ฒ๎€œ๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎•
๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎จ๎€ƒ๎…๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎ฒ๎…๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎ฉ
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Les cahiers de la construction durable en Bourgogne - Bรขtiments performants et qualitรฉ de lโ€™air intรฉrieur - Nยฐ8 โ€ข Dรฉcembre 2015
Nยฐ 1 โ€ข JuiN 2012
Les cahiers techniques
de Bourgogne Bรขtiment Durable
3
L
๎€พ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ฉ๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ
๎€พ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎€ฆ๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„•๎„‚๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…ฝ๎‡‡๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎ณ๎ฌ๎€ƒ ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ ๎ต๎ฌ๎€ƒ ๎น๎€ƒ ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ ๎†š๎„ž๎…ต๎†‰๎†๎€ƒ ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†
๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎„‚๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎„๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†๎ญ๎€ƒ ๎พ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎•๎€ƒ
๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎‡€๎„‚๎…๎…ฏ๎•๎€ƒ๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎˜๎˜๎˜๎ฟ๎˜
๎‹๎†Œ๎•๎€ƒ ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ ๎…๎…ถ๎…š๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ ๎€ƒ ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎„‚๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„๎„…๎†š๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†ต๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎…ถ๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ
๎„‚๎‡‡๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎„ž๎„จ๎„จ๎„ž๎†š๎†๎€ƒ ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†š๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎†‹๎†ต๎…๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎„๎„๎†ต๎†‰๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†ต๎†š๎…๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎˜๎€ƒ
๎€พ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎„๎…ฏ๎„Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎„š๎†ต๎…๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†ฉ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ต๎†ต๎…ฏ๎†Ÿ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ
๎†Œ๎„ž๎„๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎„จ๎„ž๎†๎†š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎…ถ๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†š๎†Œ๎„Ÿ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎…๎‡€๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…๎„ก๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎พ๎…ฝ๎„š๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎•๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎…๎†Œ๎†Œ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎‡‡๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎„‚๎†ต๎ฟ๎€ƒ
๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎‡€๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†‰๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†š๎…š๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎…๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ
๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎…๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎†š๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎†๎†š๎…š๎…ต๎„ž๎˜๎€ƒ๎€œ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎€ฆ๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎„๎†š๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†๎…๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…๎…๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…š๎„‚๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ด๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฑ๎€ƒ๎น๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎†๎‡‡๎…ต๎†‰๎†š๎†€๎…ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฑ๎€ƒ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎…ฝ๎‡†๎…๎„๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…๎…๎†ต๎„ฃ๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎‡†๎‡‡๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„๎„‚๎†Œ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฑ๎€ƒ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎†š๎†ต๎†Œ๎…ถ๎…๎†๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎„จ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†Ÿ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ญ๎€ƒ๎ฑ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎„ ๎…๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎€ƒ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎…ต๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„‚๎„š๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎ฎ๎˜๎€ƒ๎€„๎†ต๎ฒ๎„š๎„ž๎…ฏ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎†€๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎†ต๎…๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎‡‡๎…ต๎†‰๎†š๎†€๎…ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„ ๎…ถ๎…๎…ถ๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎„š๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†ต๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎‡€๎…ฝ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎ฒ๎„ก๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†‰๎†‰๎„ž๎…ฏ๎„ 
๎จ๎€ƒ๎ž๎‡‡๎…ถ๎„š๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎†๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎ฉ๎€ƒ๎พ๎ž๎€‘๎„๎ฟ๎ฏ๎˜
๎‹๎†ต๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎„‚๎„๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎„ ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ฎ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎…๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎€ฆ๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎ญ๎ต๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎…๎„‚๎†Œ๎„š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ฉ๎„ž๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎„š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎„๎†š๎†ต๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎…๎†๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎„š๎†ต๎„๎†š๎…๎‡€๎…๎†š๎„ ๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎†ต๎…๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎†š๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎„๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎…๎†๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎„๎„๎†ต๎†‰๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎›๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†ต๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎˜
๎€œ๎…ถ๎„จ๎…๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ ๎†๎„ž๎†ต๎…ฏ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎†Œ๎…๎†๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎„๎…๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎พ๎„๎„‚๎„๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎†ต๎†๎•๎€ƒ
๎„๎…š๎„‚๎…ต๎†‰๎…๎…๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎„Ÿ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†๎ฟ๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฉ๎†ต๎†๎†‹๎†ต๎›๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎†ต๎„š๎…๎„ ๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„๎…š๎…๎…ต๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎„ ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†š๎„‚๎…ต๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎‡†๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†๎…๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎„๎…š๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎จ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎„๎…ฌ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎ฉ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎…ฉ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎…ฝ๎„๎„๎†ต๎†‰๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎„๎…š๎„ž๎†Œ๎„๎…š๎„ž๎˜๎€ƒ๎€˜๎…๎‡€๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎†ต๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†๎…๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎‹๎™๎€„๎€ฏ4๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎€ฏ๎…๎€œ๎š๎€ฏ๎ž๎ฑ๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎‡†๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†๎…๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„‚๎†š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎…๎„ซ๎„ ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎˜๎€ƒ๎€˜๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ก๎…ต๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎‡€๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎„๎†๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…š๎…๎…ต๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„๎†š๎†ต๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„š๎†ต๎…๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎„š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ฉ๎„ž๎†š๎ฌ๎†Œ๎„Ÿ๎…๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎„ ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎š๎€œ๎€„๎€’๎€ฌ๎ฒ๎˜
๎€„๎†‰๎†Œ๎„Ÿ๎†๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎…ฝ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†๎…๎„๎…๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎…ฝ๎…๎†š๎€ƒ
๎„š๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„ ๎…ถ๎„‚๎‡€๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ก๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎†‰๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†š๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„๎†š๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ก๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎…๎†Œ๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†‰๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎‡†๎†‰๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎…š๎„‚๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†Ÿ๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†Œ๎…๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎†‰๎†Œ๎…๎†๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎˜
๎ญ๎€ƒ๎€˜๎›๎„‚๎†‰๎†Œ๎„Ÿ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎†ต๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎‹๎™๎€„๎€ฏ๎˜๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎€ƒ๎€˜๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎„๎†ต๎„ž๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎…๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„๎„ ๎„š๎…๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎˜
๎ฏ๎€ƒ๎€’๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎†๎…๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎‹๎„๎ž๎•๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎‡†๎„๎„Ÿ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎‡‡๎…ต๎†‰๎†š๎†€๎…ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†๎†‰๎„ ๎„๎…๎„ฎ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†
๎€ƒ๎€ƒ๎€ƒ๎†š๎…ฝ๎†ต๎„๎…š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎„‚๎†ต๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎†ต๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†ต๎†๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎‡‡๎†๎†š๎„Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎†š๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎ฌ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎‡‡๎†๎†š๎„Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎‡€๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎€ƒ
๎€ƒ๎€ƒ๎„๎…š๎„ž๎‡Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎„๎„๎†ต๎†‰๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎„š๎†ต๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎…ฏ๎†๎˜
4๎€ƒ๎‹๎„๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎‡€๎„‚๎†š๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎™๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎€„๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎€ฏ๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎พ๎‡๎‡๎‡๎˜๎…ฝ๎†‹๎„‚๎…๎˜๎„จ๎†Œ๎ฟ๎˜
๎ฑ๎€ƒ๎€ฏ๎…ถ๎†๎†Ÿ๎†š๎†ต๎†š๎€ƒ๎…๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎€œ๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎„š๎†ต๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎š๎€ฏ๎ž๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎พ๎‡๎‡๎‡๎˜๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎†๎˜๎„จ๎†Œ๎ฟ๎˜
๎ฒ๎€ƒ๎…š๎†ฉ๎†‰๎—๎ฌ๎ฌ๎†Œ๎„ž๎„‚๎„๎…š๎ฒ๎…๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎˜๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎†๎˜๎„จ๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎–๎€ƒ๎‡๎‡๎‡๎˜๎„š๎„ž๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†‰๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎ฒ๎„š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎˜๎…๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎˜๎„จ๎†Œ๎ฌ๎ฒ๎š๎€œ๎€„๎€’๎€ฌ๎ฒ๎˜๎…š๎†š๎…ต๎…ฏ
Les cahiers de la construction durable en Bourgogne - Bรขtiments performants et qualitรฉ de lโ€™air intรฉrieur - Nยฐ8 โ€ข Dรฉcembre 2015
a ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎…ฉ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎„š๎›๎…š๎†ต๎…๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎…ฝ๎„๎„๎†ต๎†‰๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ฉ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†ต๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎†๎„ž๎…ต๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†ต๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎•๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎†Ÿ๎„๎†ต๎…ฏ๎…๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†๎…๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„จ๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎…๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎…ถ๎„จ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎…๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎…š๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„š๎†ต๎…ฏ๎†š๎„ž๎†๎˜ ๎—๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎‡‡๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„š๎†Œ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎‡†๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š
Contexte et enjeux de la qualitรฉ de lโ€™air
intรฉrieur et des Bรขtiments performants
๎†Œ๎„ ๎…๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„จ๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„•๎„‚๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„ ๎‡€๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ถ๎…๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎‡€๎„ž๎„๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎…๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎‡€๎„ž๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎˜
๎€’๎„ž๎†‰๎„ž๎…ถ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎•๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†Œ๎„ ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…ต๎„ ๎…ฏ๎…๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…๎†๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎„‚๎„๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎†ธ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„ฎ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒquโ€™elle
๎†Œ๎„ž๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎›๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒun ๎…ฝ๎„๎…ฉ๎„ž๎„๎†Ÿ๎„จ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„š๎†ต๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ต๎…๎†๎†๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…๎„‚๎‡Œ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎„ซ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎†Œ๎„ž๎˜๎€ƒ๎€’๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎…๎…ฏ๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎„ ๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒqualitรฉ ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎†๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„ฎ๎†๎€ƒ๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎…ฝ๎…๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎„ž๎‡€๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†š๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„‚๎„๎†š๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒde ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎†ต๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎˜
๎€’๎…š๎…๎„ซ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฏ๎„ ๎†
๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎„‚๎„๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ
๎ณ๎€ƒ๎€„๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„ ๎„๎†ต๎†Œ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ
๎€ƒ๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎‡€๎„‚๎…๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎พ๎‡๎‡๎‡๎˜๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎„ž๎†๎˜๎„จ๎†Œ๎ฟ๎˜
๎ด๎€ƒ๎€’๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ž๎„๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎†Ÿ๎„ฎ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎ค๎„ž๎„๎…š๎…ถ๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎€‘๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎พ๎‡๎‡๎‡๎˜๎„๎†๎†š๎„๎˜๎„จ๎†Œ๎ฟ๎˜
๎ต๎€ƒ๎‡๎‡๎‡๎˜๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎ฒ๎…๎„‚๎†‹๎˜๎„ž๎†ต
Sources : MEDDE ; Programme Clean Air for Europe de la Commission europรฉenne, 2005 ;
ADEME ; ORS Bourgogne Franche-Comtรฉ, Plateforme OSS, septembre 2008 ; ANSES/
OQAI, avril 2014 ; GINA - Global Ini๎†Ÿa๎†Ÿve for Asthma, 2008.
๎ž๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎‹๎†Œ๎…๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„š๎…๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎พ๎‹๎„๎ž๎ฟ๎• ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎„๎„‚๎†ต๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ถ๎…ถ๎†ต๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎ด๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎„Ÿ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎…ต๎„‚๎†š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„š๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ
๎„š๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎ฐ๎•๎ฏ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎พ๎ต๎ต๎€ƒ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎€œ๎†ต๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎„ž๎ฟ๎˜
๎ฏ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎น๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†ต๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„จ๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„•๎„‚๎…๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎†š๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž et
๎ฏ๎•๎ฑ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎†‰๎†š๎„‚๎„๎…๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†๎†š๎…š๎…ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎˜๎€ƒ
๎ญ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎ญ๎ฐ๎€ƒ๎น๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฉ๎„ž๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„š๎†ต๎…ฏ๎†š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฐ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎…ฉ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„จ๎„‚๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎†Œ๎…๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„š๎›๎„‚๎†๎†š๎…š๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎˜๎€ƒ๎€พ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎‡€๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„‚๎„š๎…๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ
๎„š๎…ฝ๎†ต๎„๎…ฏ๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ญ๎ต๎ด๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎˜๎€ƒ๎€พ๎›๎„‚๎†๎†š๎…š๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฒ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎€ƒ
๎…ฉ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎…ถ๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎…š๎…ฝ๎†๎†‰๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ณ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฉ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎…ถ๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎†Œ๎†Œ๎„ก๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎‡€๎„‚๎…๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎€ฆ๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎˜๎€ƒ๎€œ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†๎…๎„๎…๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎…š๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„๎„๎†Œ๎†ต๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ
๎‡€๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…š๎‡‡๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„‚๎„๎†Ÿ๎‡€๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎…š๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎ฑ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎†๎…ฝ๎†ต๎„ซ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎…๎…ถ๎†๎†ต๎„ธ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎†š๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎‡€๎„ž๎†๎˜
๎€œ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎€‘๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎…๎…ฝ๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎ฏ๎ฑ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎พ๎ฎ๎ฎ๎€ƒ๎น๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†ต๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎ฟ๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎†ต๎„ซ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎„š๎›๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎…๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎†š๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎ด๎ฑ๎€ƒ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†๎†š๎…š๎…ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎˜๎€ƒ๎€œ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฎ๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎…ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„‚๎„š๎…๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎†š๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎„๎„๎„‚๎†๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎ฑ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎†๎„ ๎…ฉ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎‡€๎…๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…š๎…ฝ๎†๎†‰๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎˜๎€ƒ๎ณ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎ญ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎น๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„จ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎…๎†ต๎…๎…๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ
๎†๎…ฝ๎†ต๎„ซ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎†๎†š๎…š๎…ต๎„ž๎˜
๎จ๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎†ต๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎‡†๎†‰๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†š๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎†ธ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎„๎…๎…ฝ๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„ ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ต๎…๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎€ฆ๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฐ๎•๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎€„๎…๎ž๎€œ๎ž๎ณ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎€’๎ž๎ค๎€‘๎ด๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎„š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ต๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎‡€๎„‚๎…๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎‹๎™๎€„๎€ฏ๎˜๎€ƒ๎€พ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎†ธ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ถ๎…ถ๎†ต๎„ž๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎พ๎…š๎†ต๎…ต๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ฎ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎ฟ๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†‰๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎„๎†Ÿ๎‡€๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎…๎‡†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†š๎„ž๎…ถ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†ฉ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎†ต๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎พ๎„๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡Œ๎„Ÿ๎…ถ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎†š๎†Œ๎…๎„๎…š๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„ ๎†š๎…š๎‡‡๎…ฏ๎„Ÿ๎…ถ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„‚๎„š๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎‡†๎‡‡๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎†Œ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎†Ÿ๎„๎†ต๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„จ๎†ต๎…ต๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†š๎„‚๎„๎„‚๎„๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎ฟ๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ญ๎ต๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎…๎„‚๎†Œ๎„š๎†๎€ƒ
๎„š๎›๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ด๎ณ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…š๎„‚๎„๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎˜๎€ƒ๎€’๎…š๎„‚๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„‚๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎‡€๎…ฝ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฌ
๎„š๎„ ๎„๎„Ÿ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ด๎€ƒ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†š๎…š๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎…๎„ž๎†๎˜๎€ƒ๎—๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ด๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎น
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎„Ÿ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎ณ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎น๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎†ธ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎†ต๎†๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎†Ÿ๎„๎†ต๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎˜
๎€พ๎›๎„ ๎†š๎†ต๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎„ ๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎€œ๎…ถ๎ณ๎€ฏ๎€œ๎ต๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎›๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎…๎„‚๎†Œ๎„š๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†๎€ƒ
๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎„‚๎„๎†Œ๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„๎…š๎„‚๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ต๎„๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ ๎„š๎…๎„๎„‚๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ
๎„‚๎…ถ๎†Ÿ๎„‚๎†๎†š๎…š๎…ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎€ฆ๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎–๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎†‰๎„ž๎…ถ๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…š๎„‚๎†ต๎†๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฒ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎น๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎†๎„ž๎†‰๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎˜
๎ฐ
๎€พ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎‡†๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎…๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž
ร„๎€พ๎€œ๎€ƒ๎—๎€พ๎€„๎…๎€ƒ๎…๎€„๎ค๎€ฏ๎‹๎…๎€„๎€พ๎€ƒ๎ž๎€„๎…๎ค๎€ž๎ณ๎€œ๎…๎ณ๎€ฏ๎š๎‹๎…๎…๎€œ๎„๎€œ๎…๎ค
๎€พ๎›๎„‚๎„š๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†š๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎—๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎ž๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎ฒ๎€œ๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎พ๎—๎…๎ž๎€œ๎ฟ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฐ๎•๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ต๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฑ๎•๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ต๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎†ต๎„๎†š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…š๎„ ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„ฎ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„š๎†ต๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎†๎„ž๎…ต๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎…ฏ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎‡†๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†๎…๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…š๎…๎…ต๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…š๎‡‡๎†๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ
๎…๎…ถ๎„จ๎„ž๎„๎†Ÿ๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†๎„๎„ž๎†‰๎†Ÿ๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎„ซ๎„ž๎„๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎…š๎†ต๎…ต๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎˜๎€ƒ๎€พ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎„๎„๎†ต๎†‰๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„‚๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†ฉ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎†š๎„ ๎…๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„‚๎‡€๎„ž๎„๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎„๎…ฉ๎„ž๎„๎†Ÿ๎„จ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎จ๎€ƒprotรฉger la popula๎†Ÿon de la pollu๎†Ÿon ร  lโ€™intรฉrieur des locaux๎€ƒ๎ฉ๎˜
๎€พ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎—๎…๎ž๎€œ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ต๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†ˆ๎†ต๎‡€๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ž๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…š๎„‚๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„š๎†ต๎…๎†Œ๎„ž
๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎—๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎„š๎…๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†Œ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎„๎†๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎„ž๎†ต๎†๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ ๎†š๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†š๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎„š๎†ต๎…๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎†ต๎„๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎พ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎†Œ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎Žฃ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ญ๎ฒ๎ฏ๎ฎ๎ญ๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฏ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ญ๎•๎€ƒcf.๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ด๎ฟ๎€ƒ๎–๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†‰๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎„ž๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎…š๎„‚๎„๎…๎†š๎„‚๎†š๎ฒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎พ๎‡๎‡๎‡๎˜๎„๎…ต๎„ž๎…๎ฒ๎„จ๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎˜๎„จ๎†Œ๎•
cf.๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ญ๎ฑ๎ฟ๎€ƒ๎–๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†š๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…š๎„‚๎„๎…๎†š๎„‚๎†š๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎„š๎…๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎–๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„š๎†ต๎„๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎‡†๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†๎…๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎„๎†๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎…ฝ๎„๎„๎†ต๎†‰๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎†Œ๎„Ÿ๎„๎…š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎˜
ร„le plan national sur la qualitรฉ de lโ€™air
intรฉrieur
๎ž๎†ต๎…๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ ๎€’๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„จ๎„ ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎†‰๎†š๎„ž๎…ต๎„๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฎ๎•๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎—๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎พ๎—๎™๎€„๎€ฏ๎ฟ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎€ง๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎„๎†š๎…ฝ๎„๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฏ๎˜๎€ƒ๎—๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎…ถ๎…๎†๎†š๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎€œ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎„‚๎‡€๎„ž๎„๎€ƒ๎„š๎…๎‡€๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„๎†š๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎พ๎„‚๎†ต๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎…ถ๎…๎†๎†š๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎€„๎…๎ž๎€œ๎ž๎•๎€ƒ๎€ฏ๎…๎€œ๎š๎€ฏ๎ž๎•๎€ƒ๎€’๎ž๎ค๎€‘๎•๎€ƒ๎€„๎€˜๎€œ๎„๎€œ๎•๎€ƒ๎˜๎˜๎˜๎ฟ๎•
๎…๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎‡€๎…ฝ๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฒ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†‰๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎ฑ๎€ƒ๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†š๎…š๎„ ๎…ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎—๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†ต๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎„๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„๎†š๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎–๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ ๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†š๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎„š๎†ต๎…๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†๎„๎„ž๎†‰๎†š๎…๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„ ๎…ต๎„ž๎†š๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎–
๎„š๎„ ๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎„‚๎„๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ ๎…๎…ถ๎„๎…๎†š๎„‚๎†š๎…๎‡€๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎„ ๎‡€๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ
๎†Œ๎„ ๎…๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎„๎†š๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎–๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎‡€๎…๎†๎ฒ๎„ƒ๎ฒ๎‡€๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎†‰๎„ ๎„๎…๎„ฎ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎–๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎•๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ต๎„ ๎…ฏ๎…๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…๎†๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎˜๎€ƒ๎€พ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎—๎™๎€„๎€ฏ๎€ƒ๎†๎›๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„Ÿ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎€ƒ๎—๎…๎ž๎€œ๎€ƒ๎ฏ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎‡€๎…ฝ๎„๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„ก๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎…ถ๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎—๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ
๎†Œ๎„ ๎…๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎ž๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎ฒ๎€œ๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎พ๎—๎š๎ž๎€œ๎€ƒ๎ฏ๎ฟ๎˜
ร„๎€พ๎€„๎€ƒ๎ž๎จ๎š๎ณ๎€œ๎€ฏ๎€พ๎€พ๎€„๎…๎€’๎€œ๎€ƒ๎€˜๎€œ๎€ƒ๎€พ๎€„๎€ƒ๎™๎จ๎€„๎€พ๎€ฏ๎ค๎€ž๎€ƒ๎€˜๎€œ๎€ƒ๎€พ๎›๎€„๎€ฏ๎š
ร  lโ€™intรฉrieur des รฉtaBlissements
๎€ƒ ๎š๎€œ๎€’๎€œ๎ณ๎€„๎…๎ค๎€ƒ๎€˜๎จ๎€ƒ๎—๎จ๎€‘๎€พ๎€ฏ๎€’
๎€พ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎Žฃ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฌ๎ฒ๎ณ๎ด๎ด๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎ญ๎ฎ๎€ƒ๎…ฉ๎†ต๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎…๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎พ๎€ง๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฟ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎‡€๎„ž๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎…ฝ๎„š๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎†๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎„๎„ž๎‡€๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†ต๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎„๎˜
๎€พ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎†Œ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎Žฃ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฎ๎ฒ๎ญ๎ฐ๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎ฑ๎€ƒ๎…ฉ๎„‚๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฎ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎„๎…๎†๎„ ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„š๎…๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†Œ๎„ ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎‡€๎„ž๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ž๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎†๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ
๎†Œ๎„ž๎„๎„ž๎‡€๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„จ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎˜๎€ƒ ๎…๎„ ๎„‚๎…ถ๎…ต๎…ฝ๎…๎…ถ๎†๎•๎€ƒ ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ ๎†๎„ž๎†‰๎†š๎„ž๎…ต๎„๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฐ๎•๎€ƒ ๎„š๎„ž๎‡€๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎›๎…๎…ถ๎†‹๎†ต๎…๎„ ๎†š๎†ต๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎…ถ๎…๎†๎†š๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎€œ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎…๎„š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎…ฏ๎…๎„ฎ๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎…๎†๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†๎…๎†Ÿ๎„จ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…ฝ๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎…๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎‡€๎„ž๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ž๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ
๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎•๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎…๎†Ÿ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎‡€๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎€ƒ๎ญer๎€ƒ๎…ฉ๎„‚๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฑ๎•๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎†Œ๎„Ÿ๎„๎…š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎˜
๎€พ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎†Œ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎Žฃ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฑ๎ฒ๎ญ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎ญ๎ณ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ฝ๎†ธ๎†š๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฑ๎€ƒ๎„š๎…๎†๎†‰๎„ž๎…ถ๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†๎…๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎…ต๎„ž๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎‡‡๎†๎†š๎„ ๎…ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎†๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎„๎†Ÿ๎‡€๎…๎†š๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎‡‡๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„‚๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎…๎†๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†๎…๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎†Ÿ๎„๎†ต๎…ฏ๎…๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎˜๎€ƒ๎€ฏ๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†‰๎†‰๎†Œ๎…๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎†๎†๎…๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…ฝ๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎…๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎„๎„๎†Œ๎„ ๎„š๎…๎†š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†๎…ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎†Œ๎„ ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ ๎‡€๎„‚๎…ฏ๎†ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…ฝ๎‡‡๎„ž๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎„ ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎ฒ๎„๎…๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ก๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎‡€๎…๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†š๎„ž๎„๎…š๎…ถ๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎†ต๎…ถ๎…๎„๎…๎†‰๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎˜๎€ƒ๎€พ๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎‡€๎…๎…๎†ต๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎„‚๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„š๎…๎†๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†๎…๎†Ÿ๎„จ๎ญ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†๎…๎‡€๎„ž๎˜๎€ƒ๎€พ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎‡€๎„ž๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎‡€๎†Œ๎„‚๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎„ซ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ก๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„๎…š๎„ž๎‡€๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎—๎€ƒ๎„‚๎‡€๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ญer๎€ƒ๎…ฉ๎„‚๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ด๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎†๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ
๎„š๎›๎„‚๎„๎„๎†ต๎„ž๎…๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎„๎†Ÿ๎„จ๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎„จ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…ฝ๎…๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎…๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ฏ๎„ ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎–๎€ƒ๎„‚๎‡€๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ญer๎€ƒ๎…ฉ๎„‚๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎†๎…๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎†๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎†๎„ž๎…๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎„จ๎„ž๎†๎†๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎…๎†Œ๎„ ๎€ƒ๎พ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„Ÿ๎…๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎‡‡๎„๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎˜๎˜๎˜๎ฟ๎€ƒ๎–๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎‡€๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ญer๎€ƒ๎…ฉ๎„‚๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎†Œ
๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ฎ๎ฏ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎†๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎˜
๎ญ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎‡๎‡๎‡๎˜๎„š๎„ž๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†‰๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎ฒ๎„š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎˜๎…๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎˜๎„จ๎†Œ๎ฌ๎…๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎„‚๎†ต๎ฒ๎„š๎…๎†๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†๎…๎†Ÿ๎„จ๎ฒ๎„š๎ฒ๎„‚๎…ต๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎˜๎…š๎†š๎…ต๎…ฏ
Les cahiers de la construction durable en Bourgogne - Bรขtiments performants et qualitรฉ de lโ€™air intรฉrieur - Nยฐ8 โ€ข Dรฉcembre 2015
๎‹๎„๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎‡€๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ
๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†
๎€„๎„ฎ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎…ต๎„ ๎…ฏ๎…๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…๎†๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ ๎„๎…š๎…๎…ต๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎…š๎‡‡๎†๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎…๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎†‰๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†ต๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎„๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ฏ๎„ ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ
๎…ถ๎„ ๎„๎„ž๎†๎†๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ ๎‡€๎„‚๎…ฏ๎†ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ
๎…๎„ž๎†๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎…๎†๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎‹๎„๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎‡€๎„‚๎†š๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎พ๎‹๎™๎€„๎€ฏ๎ฟ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„๎†Œ๎„ ๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ญ๎˜๎€ƒ๎€ฆ๎…๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ ๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„š๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†ต๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎„๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†๎…๎€ƒ
๎…๎…ถ๎„š๎„ ๎†‰๎„ž๎…ถ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„๎†š๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„‚๎„๎„ ๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†š๎†ต๎†š๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎…ถ๎…๎†๎†š๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„๎…š๎„‚๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎€พ๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎€œ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎ž๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎•๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎€„๎€˜๎€œ๎„๎€œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎€„๎…๎ž๎€œ๎ž๎˜๎€ƒ๎€พ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„š๎…๎…ถ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†๎„๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎†Ÿ๎„ฎ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎†ˆ๎†ต๎‡€๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎„ ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎€’๎ž๎ค๎€‘๎˜
๎€พ๎›๎‹๎™๎€„๎€ฏ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„Ÿ๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎…๎„ซ๎„ ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎…ต๎†‰๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ก๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„ ๎†š๎†ต๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ
๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎…๎„ซ๎„ ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎˜๎€ƒ๎€พ๎„‚๎€ƒ
๎„๎„‚๎…ต๎†‰๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฏ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฑ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎ฑ๎ฒ๎ณ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ
๎†Œ๎„ž๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎„จ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฐ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎…๎„š๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…๎…ถ๎„๎…๎†‰๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„จ๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„•๎„‚๎…๎†๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ต๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎…๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†๎„ž๎…๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎—๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎†‰๎„ ๎„๎…๎„ฎ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎‡€๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎›๎„ƒ๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎‡†๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎–๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…ฝ๎…๎†๎…๎†๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎„ซ๎„ž๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎†š๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎ฏ๎ณ๎€ƒ๎น๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎–๎€ƒ๎ญ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎น๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ต๎†ต๎…ฏ๎†š๎…๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ๎พ๎…ฉ๎†ต๎†๎†‹๎†ต๎›๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…š๎†ต๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎„๎†๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎‡€๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎ฟ๎•๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„ฎ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†๎…๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…๎…ถ๎„ ๎…๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎…ต๎„ ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎‡€๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎–๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„š๎„ ๎…š๎‡‡๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ
๎ญ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎น๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎˜
๎€พ๎›๎‹๎™๎€„๎€ฏ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„Ÿ๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„๎†š๎†ต๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎…ต๎†‰๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ต๎„ž๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฏ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ฏ๎„ ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎พ๎…ฉ๎†ต๎†๎†‹๎†ต๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฒ๎ฟ๎•๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎ฏ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ต๎…ต๎„ž๎†ต๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฑ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†Œ๎…๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ
๎พ๎…ฉ๎†ต๎†๎†‹๎†ต๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฑ๎ฟ๎˜
๎—๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎‡€๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎—
๎‡๎‡๎‡๎˜๎…ฝ๎†‹๎„‚๎…๎˜๎„จ๎†Œ
๎€˜๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฏ๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎‡€๎…๎„๎„ž
๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎„๎†Ÿ๎‡€๎…๎†š๎„ ๎†
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๎—๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ž๎†ฉ๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„‚๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎„๎†๎†Ÿ๎†š๎†ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…ฝ๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎…๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ž๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎„๎†Ÿ๎‡€๎…๎†š๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎†๎›๎„‚๎†‰๎†‰๎†ต๎‡‡๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎—
๎ป๎€ƒ ๎€พ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…๎†ต๎…๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„‚๎†š๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎จ๎€ƒ๎—๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ž๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„๎„๎†ต๎„ž๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„จ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ ๎ฉ๎•๎€ƒ ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„ ๎€ƒ ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฑ๎€ƒ ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ต๎…๎…ถ๎…๎†๎†š๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎€œ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎…๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎…๎€ƒ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎…ถ๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ฝ๎†‰๎„ ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„š๎…๎„ซ๎„ ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎†š๎„ ๎…๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„š๎›๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎„ ๎†š๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎†๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎˜
๎—๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ ๎†š๎„ ๎…ฏ๎„ ๎„๎…š๎„‚๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ ๎…๎†ต๎…๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„‚๎†š๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ ๎—
๎‡๎‡๎‡๎˜๎„š๎„ž๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†‰๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎ฒ๎„š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎˜๎…๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎˜๎„จ๎†Œ๎ฌ
๎€ง๎†ต๎…๎„š๎„ž๎ฒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„‚๎†š๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎ฒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎ฒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎ฒ๎…ต๎„ž๎…๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎˜๎…š๎†š๎…ต๎…ฏ
๎€พ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฌ๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎จ๎€ƒ๎€œ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎ฉ๎•๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ญ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎›๎€„๎€˜๎€œ๎„๎€œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„จ๎„ ๎„š๎„ ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎€„๎ค๎„๎‹๎€ƒ๎€ฆ๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ
๎†‹๎†ต๎…๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†Ÿ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†‰๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎…๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†๎†Ÿ๎„๎•๎€ƒ
๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎…š๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎„š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…๎†ต๎…๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…š๎…ฝ๎…๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎„š๎†ต๎…๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎†Ÿ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†๎…๎€ƒ
๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ฎ๎„๎…š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎˜
๎—๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†š๎„ ๎…ฏ๎„ ๎„๎…š๎„‚๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฌ๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎จ๎€ƒ๎€œ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎ฉ๎€ƒ๎—
๎‡๎‡๎‡๎˜๎„‚๎„š๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎˜๎„จ๎†Œ
๎†‰๎†ต๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎„๎…š๎„ž๎†Œ๎„๎…š๎„ž
๎€‘๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎•
๎†๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†
๎€พ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎„๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎„๎…ฏ๎„ ๎…ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ
๎…ต๎…๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†ˆ๎†ต๎‡€๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†‰๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†‰๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†š๎„ž๎…ถ๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†๎„ž๎„๎†š๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎†ต๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎„š๎†ต๎…๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎‡€๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…ต๎„๎…๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎†ต๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎‡€๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎…š๎„‚๎„๎…๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„จ๎„‚๎„•๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„‚๎„ฎ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎†‰๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ฉ๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎‡€๎„ž๎„๎•๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ถ๎…๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ
๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎„๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„š๎…๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎„ ๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎˜๎€ƒ๎…๎„ ๎„‚๎…ถ๎…ต๎…ฝ๎…๎…ถ๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ต๎…๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†š๎„ ๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎„๎„๎†ต๎†‰๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎‡†๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†š๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎…ต๎„‚๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ ๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎˜๎€ƒ๎€˜๎„Ÿ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎†๎…
๎…ฏ๎›๎€ฌ๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„‚๎„๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎จ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎…ต๎„‚๎†Œ๎„๎…š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฉ๎•๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ก๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎„ฎ๎„ ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎•๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎…ฝ๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ก๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎…ถ๎…๎…ต๎…๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎„‚๎„๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎˜
๎€พ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎…ฝ๎„๎…ฉ๎„ž๎„๎†š๎…๎„จ๎†๎€ƒ ๎„š๎›๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ ๎„๎„…๎†š๎…๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ ๎„š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ ๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†๎…๎€ƒ ๎…ต๎†ต๎…ฏ๎†š๎…๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ ๎†๎„‚๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎…ฝ๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ก๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†‰๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎„๎…๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…๎„‚๎†Œ๎„š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…ต๎„‚๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎›๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎…๎„ž, de ses ๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎„‚๎„๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„š๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎„๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎พ๎…๎„‚๎‡Œ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎„ซ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†๎„ž๎†Œ๎†Œ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ฉ๎„ž๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„๎…๎…ฝ๎„š๎…๎‡€๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎…๎†š๎„ ๎•๎€ƒ๎˜๎˜๎˜๎ฟ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ
๎…๎…ถ๎„š๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎„๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎พ๎„ž๎„‚๎†ต๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎…š๎„ž๎†š๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎˜๎˜๎˜๎ฟ๎•๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎†๎†๎…๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎ฒ๎„ก๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎…ฝ๎„๎„๎†ต๎†‰๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎˜๎€ƒ๎—๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†ต๎†๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ
๎†š๎…š๎„ ๎…ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎…ฝ๎…๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎†๎…๎€ƒ๎„ก๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎†š๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎—๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎…š๎‡‡๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†š๎…š๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ต๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎…๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎…‡๎†ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎ฒ๎„ก๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎†๎†๎…๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎†‰๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎…ต๎…๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„‚๎†š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎„‚๎†ต๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎†ต๎†๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎„‚๎„๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎„๎†š๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ต๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎„ ๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎•๎€ƒetc.
๎—๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎„ ๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž
๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ
๎€พ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎…๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎„ ๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎†Œ๎…๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†ต๎„๎…ฏ๎…๎„๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†ต๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎†๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ฉ๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎˜๎€ƒ๎ž๎†ต๎…๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„๎…š๎…ฝ๎„๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ ๎†š๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎ญ๎ต๎ณ๎ฌ๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎†ต๎…๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎†‰๎„ž๎…ถ๎†๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎„ ๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†ฉ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†๎…๎‡€๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„š๎…๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…š๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„๎†Œ๎„ ๎„ ๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎†ต๎…ฏ๎†š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต
๎จ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„ฎ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎ฉ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎†๎˜๎€ƒ๎€˜๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„ฎ๎„๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎‡‡๎†๎†š๎„Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†Ÿ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„š๎†ต๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„ ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†๎†ต๎„ธ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎‡€๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎„ธ๎„๎„‚๎„๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎‡€๎„ž๎„๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎…๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎…๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎„š๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎„ž๎„๎†š๎„ ๎†๎˜๎€ƒ ๎€…๎€ƒ ๎„๎„ž๎†š๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ ๎„š๎„ ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎…š๎‡‡๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†š๎…š๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ต๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„จ๎„‚๎„๎†š๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ต๎…๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎•๎€ƒ
๎†๎›๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ฉ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†š๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎†ต๎†Ÿ๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎„š๎†ต๎…๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎†ต๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ
๎„š๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎†Ÿ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎…ต๎„ž๎†ต๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎…๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ต๎„ž๎†ฉ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎…ต๎„๎†Œ๎„ž๎†ต๎†๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎„๎†๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎†š๎…ฝ๎‡†๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎„‚๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…š๎…๎…ต๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„ž๎‡†๎„ž๎†๎˜
๎€œ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎†๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ต๎…ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎„ ๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…๎†๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†š๎…š๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ต๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…ต๎„ ๎…ฏ๎…๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ ๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎…š๎„ ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ
๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†๎„๎„ž๎†‰๎†Ÿ๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎‡‡๎†๎„จ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎†ต๎‡€๎„‚๎…๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†‰๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎†๎‡‡๎†๎†š๎„Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ
๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎„š๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎…๎„š๎„ ๎†Œ๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎˜๎€ƒ๎€พ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎‡€๎„‚๎†๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†Ÿ๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎‡€๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎„ ๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎›๎…š๎„‚๎„๎…๎†š๎„‚๎†š๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎†ต๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„ ๎„๎„ž๎†๎†๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ถ๎„š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎†‰๎†š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎…ถ๎…ฉ๎„ž๎†ต๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎˜
Nยฐ 1 โ€ข JuiN 2012
Les cahiers techniques
de Bourgogne Bรขtiment Durable
5
Les cahiers de la construction durable en Bourgogne - Bรขtiments performants et qualitรฉ de lโ€™air intรฉrieur - Nยฐ8 โ€ข Dรฉcembre 2015
๎€พ๎›๎‹๎™๎€„๎€ฏ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„‚๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎…๎†๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†๎…๎†Ÿ๎„จ๎€ƒ๎จ๎€ƒ๎‹๎™๎€„๎€ฏ๎ฒ๎€‘๎—๎€œ๎€ƒ๎ฉ๎€ƒ๎‡€๎…๎†๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎„๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎†Œ๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†š๎…๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎…๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†ต๎„จ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎†Œ๎„ ๎…š๎„‚๎„๎…๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎†ต๎†๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎…š๎„‚๎„๎…๎†š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„ž๎…ถ๎†๎„ž๎…๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎˜
๎€พ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ต๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎†ต๎…ฏ๎†š๎„‚๎†š๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎„๎†š๎„ž๎…ถ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎†Ÿ๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎„๎†š๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ
๎ญ๎ฒ๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎†ต๎†๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎…š๎„‚๎„๎…๎†š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎พ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ ๎„‚๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎—๎š๎€œ๎€‘๎€„๎ค๎ญ๎ญ
๎†Œ๎„ž๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎ฏ๎ฎ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎ด๎ณ๎€ƒ๎น๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎„๎†š๎…๎„จ๎†๎ฟ๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ต๎„ž๎†ฉ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎…๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ต๎…๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†š๎„ž๎…ถ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎†๎ญ๎ฎ๎€ƒ๎—
๎ป๎€ƒ ๎€พ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ ๎„š๎…๎„‚๎…ถ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎„š๎…๎„๎„‚๎†š๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„ฎ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎†‰๎„‚๎†๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฉ๎„‚๎…ต๎„‚๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„จ๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„•๎„‚๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎†š๎†ต๎„š๎…๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎„š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎…ต๎†‰๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎จ๎€ƒ๎€พ๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎ฉ๎€ƒ๎พ๎€’๎…๎€พ๎ฟ๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฏ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ฌ๎ฑ๎•๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎‡†๎„๎„ž๎†‰๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…š๎„ž๎‡†๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„š๎„ ๎…š๎‡‡๎„š๎„ž๎˜๎€ƒ๎€พ๎›๎„‚๎…ฏ๎†‰๎…š๎„‚๎ฒ๎†‰๎…๎…ถ๎„Ÿ๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…๎…ต๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„Ÿ๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎‡€๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฏ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎‡€๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎˜
๎ป๎€ƒ ๎€พ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†š๎„ž๎…ต๎†‰๎„ ๎†Œ๎„‚๎†š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎„ž๎‡€๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎‡€๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†š๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎˜๎€ƒ๎€„๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…๎…ถ๎‡€๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎…š๎†ต๎…ต๎…๎„š๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ
๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎‡€๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎„จ๎†Œ๎„ ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„‚๎†‰๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎…๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎„๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎…š๎†ต๎…ต๎…๎„š๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ
๎„จ๎„‚๎…๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎พ๎ญ๎ฏ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎ฏ๎ด๎€ƒ๎น๎ฟ๎˜๎€ƒ๎€œ๎…ถ๎„ฎ๎…ถ๎•๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎…ต๎…๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฐ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎„š๎…๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…ต๎…๎…ถ๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎‡€๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎„š๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎ฑ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎น๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…๎†๎†๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†ต๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ ๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†‰๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎„๎†Ÿ๎„จ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…ฝ๎…๎†๎…๎†๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎•๎€ƒ๎‡€๎…๎†๎…๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„๎„‚๎„๎…š๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎พ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎ฏ๎ณ๎€ƒ๎น๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎€’๎…๎€พ๎ฟ๎˜
๎ป๎€ƒ ๎€พ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎†๎…๎ฒ๎†š๎…ฝ๎†š๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎†‰๎„‚๎†๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎‡€๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎…๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„š๎„ ๎…š๎‡‡๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†‰๎†‰๎…ฏ๎…๎„๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ต๎†‰๎†š๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎ญer๎€ƒ๎…ฉ๎„‚๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ฎ๎ฏ๎€ƒ
๎พ๎ญ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎Š…๎…๎ฌ๎…ต๎ฏ๎ฟ๎•๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎„ž๎†ต๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎‡€๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†‰๎†‰๎…ฏ๎…๎„๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎€ƒ๎ญer
๎…ฉ๎„‚๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฑ๎€ƒ๎พ๎ฏ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎Š…๎…๎ฌ๎…ต๎ฏ๎ฟ๎˜๎€ƒ๎—๎†Œ๎„Ÿ๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…ฝ๎…๎†Ÿ๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎†‰๎„‚๎†๎†๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎‡€๎„‚๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†‰๎†‰๎…ฏ๎…๎„๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎€ƒ๎ญer๎€ƒ๎…ฉ๎„‚๎…ถ๎‡€๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฒ๎€ƒ๎พ๎ฎ๎€ƒ๎Š…๎…๎ฌ๎…ต๎ฏ๎ฟ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎…ถ๎‡Œ๎„Ÿ๎…ถ๎„ž๎˜
๎ป๎€ƒ ๎ž๎„ž๎†ต๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎ฐ๎ฌ๎€ƒ๎น๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ž๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎†ต๎„๎…š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎‡€๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎…๎…ฏ๎„‚๎†š๎…๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ ๎…ต๎„ ๎„๎„‚๎…ถ๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎†€๎…ฏ๎„ ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎พ๎ณ๎„๎€’๎ฟ๎€ƒ ๎†๎…๎…ต๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ ๎„จ๎…ฏ๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ
๎…š๎‡‡๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎„ ๎…๎…ฏ๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎„ž๎„๎†š๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…ถ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎…๎†๎„ ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎„‚๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„จ๎„‚๎„๎†Œ๎…๎„๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎˜๎€ƒ๎€พ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„ž๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎…๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎†ต๎„๎…š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„ž๎‡†๎†š๎†Œ๎„‚๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎ณ๎„๎€’๎€ƒ๎„š๎…ฝ๎†ต๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…‡๎†ต๎‡†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎…๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎…๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎†‰๎„ž๎„๎†š๎„ ๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ ๎„๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎„š๎†ต๎…๎†š๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„๎†ต๎…๎†๎…๎…ถ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„‚๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„š๎„ ๎„๎…๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎…๎…ฏ๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎˜
๎—๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎‡€๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎…ฏ๎†ต๎†๎€ƒ๎—๎€ƒ๎‡๎‡๎‡๎˜๎…ฝ๎†‹๎„‚๎…๎˜๎„จ๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎ฒ๎€ƒ๎„๎„๎„๎˜๎…ฝ๎†‹๎„‚๎…๎Ž›๎„๎†๎†š๎„๎˜๎„จ๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎ฒ๎€ƒ๎ฌ๎ญ๎€ƒ๎ฒ๎ฐ๎€ƒ๎ฒ๎ด๎€ƒ๎ด๎ฎ๎€ƒ๎ฒ๎ฒ
๎ญ๎ญ๎€ƒ๎—๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ต๎…ต๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ž๎„๎…š๎„ž๎†Œ๎„๎…š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎„ž๎‡†๎†‰๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎˜๎€ƒ
๎ญ๎ฎ๎€ƒ๎€˜๎„ž๎†Œ๎„๎„ž๎‡Œ๎€ƒ๎„๎˜๎•๎€ƒ๎ด๎‡‡๎„‚๎†Œ๎†š๎€ƒ๎€ง๎˜๎•๎€ƒ๎€˜๎…ฝ๎†ต๎„๎…š๎…๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎€ฆ๎˜๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„‚๎…ฏ๎˜๎€ƒ๎€˜๎„ž๎†๎„๎†Œ๎…๎†‰๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎†Œ๎„ž๎…ต๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎†๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎†๎†ต๎…ฏ๎†š๎„‚๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ
๎€ƒ๎€ƒ๎€ƒ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…๎…ถ๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎†ต๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎…š๎„‚๎„๎…๎†š๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎…๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ๎€’๎ž๎ค๎€‘๎ฒ
๎€ƒ๎€ƒ๎€ƒ๎‹๎™๎€„๎€ฏ๎•๎€ƒ๎„จ๎„ ๎‡€๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฑ๎˜
๎™๎†ต๎„‚๎…ฏ๎…๎†š๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎„‚๎…ถ๎†๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ
๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎†‰๎„ž๎†Œ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎…ต๎„‚๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ ๎…ถ๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎…๎„ž
๎€ง๎†ต๎…๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎จ๎€ƒ๎€’๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎†ต๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎ฉ
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๎€พ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎…ถ๎…๎†๎†š๎„Ÿ๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎€œ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎…๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎…ต๎…๎†๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ๎…ฉ๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎•๎€ƒ๎„ž๎…ถ๎€ƒ
๎„‚๎‡€๎†Œ๎…๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎ฎ๎ฌ๎ญ๎ฏ๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…๎†ต๎…๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎จ๎€ƒ๎€’๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎†ต๎…๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎ฉ๎€ƒ๎„ƒ๎€ƒ
๎…ฏ๎›๎†ต๎†๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎…ต๎„‚๎… ๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎†Œ๎„‚๎…๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎„š๎›๎†ˆ๎†ต๎‡€๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎†‰๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎†ต๎„๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ ๎…ฏ๎„‚๎€ƒ๎†Œ๎„ ๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎‡€๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎„๎„…๎†Ÿ๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎˜๎€ƒ๎€ฏ๎…ฏ๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†๎†š๎€ƒ๎†๎†š๎†Œ๎†ต๎„๎†š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„ ๎€ƒ๎„‚๎†ต๎†š๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎†‹๎†ต๎„‚๎†š๎†Œ๎„ž๎€ƒ
๎…๎†Œ๎„‚๎…ถ๎„š๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎†š๎…š๎„ ๎…ต๎„‚๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎—๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„‚๎…๎†Œ๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎›๎„ž๎„‚๎†ต๎•๎€ƒ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎€ƒ๎„๎…ฝ๎…ถ๎„จ๎…ฝ๎†Œ๎†š๎€ƒ
๎„‚๎„๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†๎†š๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ ๎‡€๎…๎†๎†ต๎„ž๎…ฏ๎€ƒ ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ ๎…š๎‡‡๎…๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎†š๎…š๎„ž๎†Œ๎…ต๎…๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎•๎€ƒ
๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎†Œ๎…๎†๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ ๎„ ๎…ต๎„ž๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎†๎€ƒ ๎พ๎„๎…š๎„‚๎…ต๎†‰๎†๎€ƒ
๎„ ๎…ฏ๎„ž๎„๎†š๎†Œ๎…ฝ๎…ต๎„‚๎…๎…ถ๎„ ๎†Ÿ๎†‹๎†ต๎„ž๎†๎€ƒ๎„ž๎†š๎€ƒ๎…ถ๎„‚๎…ถ๎…ฝ๎…ต๎„‚๎†š๎„ ๎†Œ๎…๎„‚๎†ต๎‡†๎ฟ๎˜
๎—๎…ฝ๎†ต๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎†š๎„ ๎…ฏ๎„ ๎„๎…š๎„‚๎†Œ๎…๎„ž๎†Œ๎€ƒ๎„๎„ž๎€ƒ๎…๎†ต๎…๎„š๎„ž๎€ƒ๎—๎€ƒ๎‡๎‡๎‡๎˜๎„š๎„ž๎‡€๎„ž๎…ฏ๎…ฝ๎†‰๎†‰๎„ž๎…ต๎„ž๎…ถ๎†š๎ฒ๎„š๎†ต๎†Œ๎„‚๎„๎…ฏ๎„ž๎˜๎…๎…ฝ๎†ต๎‡€๎˜
๎„จ๎†Œ๎ฌ๎€ฏ๎„๎€ง๎ฌ๎†‰๎„š๎„จ๎ฌ๎€ง๎จ๎€ฏ๎€˜๎€œ๎บ๎€‘๎€„๎ค๎€ฏ๎š๎บ๎ž๎€„๎€ฏ๎…๎˜๎†‰๎„š๎„จ
les oBjeCtifs dโ€™une ConstruCtion duraBle
Source : Bourgogne Bรข๎†Ÿment Durable
Rรฉduction des
nuisances sonores
Gestion de la
lumiรจre naturelle
Qualitรฉ de lโ€™air
Qualitรฉ dโ€™usage et
qualitรฉ fonctionnelle
(accessibilitรฉ pour tous)
Protection contre
les risques (incendies,
inondations, ...)
Performance thermique
et รฉnergรฉtique
Prรฉservation de
lโ€™environnement immรฉdiat
et de la biodiversitรฉ
Rรฉduction des impacts
environnementaux
(pollution, รฉmission GES)
Prรฉservation des
ressources naturelles
(รฉnergie, matiรจre)
Gestion des dรฉchets
Gestion des impacts
sur la mobilitรฉ Gestion des eaux
Bรขtiment
performant
1 / 16 100%
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La catรฉgorie de ce document est-elle correcte?
  1. Humanités
  2. Architecture
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