oral-maternelle - Circonscription de Bergerac-est

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Le!domaine!"Mobiliser!le!langage!dans!toutes!ses!dimensions"!réaffirme!la!place!primordiale!du!
langage!à!l’école! maternelle!comme! condition! essentielle! de!la!réussite! de!toutes! et! de!tous.! La!
stimulation!et!la!structuration!du!langage!oral!d’une!part,!l’entrée!progressive!dans!la!culture!de!
l’écrit! d’autre! part,! constituent! des! priorités! de! l’école! maternelle! et! concernent! l’ensemble! des!
domaines.!!
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à#Développer! l'enseignement! de! l'oral,! et! établir! des! liens! entre! dire,! lire! et! écrire! :! ces! trois!
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6#=(9+)/&,#(V&9#'c(1<&#<>#.(1/,&#
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Définitions!
La!langue!
La!langue!est!un!système!de!code!propre!à!une!communauté.!
C)#)(1/#<():#>)&#'()*>&#u#'&:#&)0()/:F#.s.&#'&:#;'>:#;&/1/:#&/#9&>d#B>1#)&#;(,'&)/#;(:#&)9+,&#+>#)&#
:J&d;,1.&)/# ;(:# <&# .()1a,&#1)/&''1*1U'&F#U(1*)&)/#<():#9&//&#'()*>&#<&;>1:# '&>,#)(1::()9&F#<():#:(#
l.>:1B>&l# (V()/# .s.&# '&>,# )(1::()9&Z# La! langue! est! un! produit! social! et! culturel.! Convention!
adoptée! par! une! communauté! linguistique,! elle! constitue! un! système! complexe! régi! par! des!
régularités! que! l'on! peut! observer,! objectiverZ# R+>/# '+9>/&>,# <J>)&# '()*>&# (# >)&# 9+))(1::()9&#
1)/>1/1V&#<&#:&:#,a*'&:#&)#<&T+,:#<&#/+>/#(;;,&)/1::(*&#&d;'191/&Z#G)&#'()*>&#)J&:/#;(:#>)#+Ur&/#01*A#u#
9J&:/#>)&#9+):/,>9/1+)#T>.(1)&#B>1#AV+'>&#<():#'&#/&.;:#&/#:J&),19T1/#<&#9,+1:&.&)/:#&/#<J&.;,>)/:Z#
%(#'()*>&# :&# ;,A:&)/&# 9+..&# >)# :L:/a.&# <J(::+91(/1+):# &/# <&# 9++,<1)(/1+)# <&#:1*)&:#u# 9&:# :1*)&:#
:+)/#(;;,+d1.(/1V&.&)/#'&:#.+/:#B>1#+)/#>)&#<+>U'&#0(9&//&#;>1:B>J1':#,A('1:&)/#'J>)1+)#<J>)#9+)/&)>#
:A.()/1B>&F# >)# 9+)9&;/# f+)# ;(,'&# <&# :1*)101Ag# &/# <J>)&# 1.(*&# (9+>:/1B>&# &/# V1:>&''&# f+)# ;(,'&# <&#
:1*)101()/gZ# La! langue! se! réalise! dans! des! signes! phonétiques! par! la! parole,! et! dans! des! signes!
graphiques!par!l'écriture!qui,!pour!le!français,!est!alphabétiqueZ#
W():# >)&# '()*>&# <+))A&F# '&:# :+):# f;T+)a.&:g# :+)/# &)# )+.U,&# ,&:/,&1)/# &/# <100a,&)/# <&# 9&>d# <&:#
(>/,&:# '()*>&:#?# '&:# :>99&::1+):# <&# 9&:# :+):# )&# :&# 0+)/# ;(:# (># T(:(,<F# 9&,/(1)&:# 9+)01*>,(/1+):#
:+)+,&:# A/()/# /,a:# 0,AB>&)/&:F# <J(>/,&:# /,a:# ,(,&:# V+1,&# 1)&d1:/()/&:Z# %&:# &)9T(1)&.&)/:# <&# .+/:#
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,A*>'(,1/A:#9+)<1/1+))&#'(#9+.;,AT&):1+)#&/#'(#;,+<>9/1+)#<&#'(#;(,+'&Z#%&:#,A*>'(,1/A:#<J>)&#'()*>&#
:+)/#(9B>1:&:#;(,#l1.;,A*)(/1+)l#(>#9+>,:#<&:#1)/&,(9/1+):#;,A9+9&:Z#
C)# )&# ;&>/# ;(,'&,# <&# '(# '()*>&# :():# :&# 9+)0,+)/&,#(># ;,+U'a.&# <&# '(# )+,.&# &/# <&# '(# V(,1(/1+)F#
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;(,'&,F#:&'+)#'(#:1/>(/1+)F#'&#U>/#V1:AF#'&:#(//&)/&:#<&#'J1)/&,'+9>/&>,F#'J>,*&)9&#-#<1,&F#'&#.A<1>.Z#
=&.(,B>&:#?#
G)#;T+)a.&#&:/#/,():9,1/#-#'cA9,1/#;(,#>)#*,(;Ta.&#?#9&'>1#91#&:/#:+>V&)/#9+.;+:A#<c>)&#+>#;'>:1&>,:#
'&//,&:#fl&)l#l+>l#l&(>l#l9TlF#&/9Zg##
%&#.s.&#;T+)a.&#;&>/#s/,&#/,():9,1/#;(,#;'>:1&>,:#*,(;Ta.&:##fl+lF#l(>lF#l&(>lF#&/9Zg#
8&//&# 9+,,&:;+)<()9&# :L:/A.(/1B>&# &)/,&# ;T+)a.&:# &/# *,(;Ta.&:# 9+):/1/>&# '&# ;,1)91;&#
(';T(UA/1B>&Z#
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:>,#'(#)A9&::1/A#<&#'&>,#,&;,A:&)/(/1+)#*,(;T1B>&Z##
K#'(#01)#<&#'(#:9+'(,1/A#.(/&,)&''&F#1'#)&#:>001/#;(:#B>&#'&:#&)0()/:#:(9T&)/#-#B>+1#:&,/#'(#'()*>&#A9,1/&F#1'#
0(>/#B>c1':#(1&)/#9+..&)9A#-#9+.;,&)<,&#'&#;,1)91;&#(';T(UA/1B>&#&/#B>c1':#(1&)/#;,1:#9+):91&)9&#<&#
'c&d1:/&)9&# <c>)&# ,&'(/1+)# &)/,&# '&:# '&//,&:# &/# '&:# *,+>;&:# <&# '&//,&:# f'&:# *,(;Ta.&:g# &/# '&:# &)/1/A:#
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%(# <A9+>V&,/&# <># ;,1)91;&# (';T(UA/1B>&# 9+..>)# -# /+>/&:# '&:# '()*>&:# B>1# :cA9,1V&)/# <&# .()1a,&#
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Le! même! système! de! référence,! la! langue,! est! mis! en! œuvre! de! manière! différente! selon! les!
régimes!de!l'oral!et!de!l'écritZ#%J+,('1/A#9+.;+,/&#>)&#1..A<1(/&/A#(00&9/1V&F#:J(;;>1&#:>,#'(#;,A:&)9&#
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1)/&,'+9>/&>,:#;&,.&/#<&:#(r>:/&.&)/:#,(;1<&:Z#
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/&.;+,&''&F# '&# .(/A,1(># 1)/+)(/10#&/# ;(,(V&,U('# <&# 'J+,('# :J+;;+:&)/# -# 'J(U:/,(9/1+)# .(/A,1('1:A&# &/#
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;(,'&,#:;+)/()AZ#D'#<&V,(#<&V&)1,#9(;(U'&#<&#;,+<>1,&#>)#/&d/&#;+>,#'JA9,1/#u#9&//&#;,+<>9/1+)#:>;;+:&#