Boris SAMUEL – « La production macroéconomique du réel » - Thèse IEP de Paris – 2013
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Summary
Title in english: The macroeconomic production of the real. Formalities and power in
Burkina Faso, Mauritania and Guadeloupe.
This thesis examines the exercise of power and its transformations, based on the
observation of concrete operations of macroeconomic management in two African countries,
Burkina Faso and Mauritania, and one Caribbean territory, Guadeloupe. Its approach involves
a combination of anthropology, the sociology of quantification and the historical sociology of
the political.
The exercise of power rests on practices of economic management that are caught up in
a network of relations. There are those who dangle the prospect of steering the economy in
accordance with an instrumental logic; there are those turn formal procedures into tools for
legitimizing current regimes; and there are those who turn macroeconomic management into
the site of a struggle for access to resources. Macroeconomics has many meanings and lies at
the centre of a wide-ranging ‘technocratic compromise’.
In all three cases studied, the detailed observation of macroeconomic calculation shows
that the technocratic ethos is crucial for an understanding of the exercise of power. Social and
political struggles over education and the high cost of living, and debates on the illusory
claims of reformism, place the numerical approach at the very heart of social and political
relations. On the turbulent political scene in Mauritania, Guadeloupe and Burkina Faso, the
objects of economic management are at work, guiding the actions of individuals and
provoking protest. Indeed, macroeconomics is not just to be found in the office: it is part of
the political repertoire of ordinary people. It is rooted both in the specific history of these
societies and in the autonomous logics of technique and procedure.