Ondes lumineuses et interférences

400 700
E=~ω
−→
E=E1−→ u+E2−→ u= (E1+E2)−→ u
−→
u
Πx=E2
0
µ0ccos2(kx −ωt)
10−14
τ1/10
<Πx>τ=1
τZτ
0
Πx(x, t)dt

<Πx>τ'<Πx>=1
TZT
0
Πx(x, t)dt =E2
0
2µ0c
I W/m2
θ
=Icos θ
I(−→ r) =< a2(−→ r , t)>
a
∇2a=1
c2
∂2a
∂t2
a(r, t) = α
rcos(kr −ωt)
n c/n
k=ω
cn
k=2π
λ0
n

a(−→ r , t) = A(−→ r)e−iωt
A
I(−→ r) =< Re(a)2>=1
2<(a+a∗)2>
I(−→ r) = 1
2A(−→
r)A(−→ r)∗
1/2
A(r) = α
reikr
A(−→ r) = A(−→ r)eiφ(−→
r)
S
n
φ(−→ r) = 2π
λ0
nr =2π
λ0
[SM]
[SM] = nr
A(−→ r) = Aei−→
k·−→ r
A
−→
k=2π
λ0
n−→ u
−→
u

ω
∆t
∆t
a(−→ r , t) = Aei(φ(−→
r)−ωt+ψ(t))
ψ(t)
∆f∆t'1
∆l=c∆t
∆λ
λ=λ ∆l
1

L
Lλ
n1
n2n3
A
B
CD
A B C
D