Welcome to our presentation! Thanks to water “water is life ” Just a tap away Challenges and issues WATER POLLUTION Water wastage water shortage Introduction Water PLAN Definition and forms Wa t e r c y c l e Distribution of water Uses of water Water pollution Definition Sources of water pollution The major pollutants of water Water pollution’s domains Effects of water pollution Solutions to protect water Conclusion Water •Water is a : -Transparent -Tasteless - Odorless -And nearly colorless chemical substance •Water is the main constituent of Earth's streams, lakes, oceans, and the fluids of most living organisms. It is vital for all known forms of life, even though it provides no calories or organic nutrients. Gas Liquid Solid Precipitation Evaporation Condensation 30% 70% hydrosphere lands ‘’Water, water everywhere but not drop to drink ‘’ Lines from “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner,” by Samuel Taylor Coleridge 97% 68.7% All earth's water 3% is fresh water 97% of earth’s water is salty, distributed in oceans, seas 3% of fresh water: 0.3% Surface water 0.9% other 30.1% groundwater 68.7% of this fresh water is locked in polar ice caps and glacier 0.3% of surface water: 11% Swamps or wetlands 2% Rivers 87% Lakes Th e m o s t u s e s o f wat e r are Water pollution Water Pollution is a major global problem generally, Addition of any substance (chemical, physical, radioactive, pathogenic or microbial substance..) that not only decrease the quality of water but also negatively affects the living things that depend on water. The water pollution occurs when pollutants are discharged directly or indirectly into water bodies without adequate treatment to remove harmful compounds. Point Source Pollution Non-Point Source Pollution Type of pollutant: Pathogens Virus Protozoa Parasitic worms Bacteria Major sources : Mostly nonpoint sources; sewage or animal feces, livestock feedlots, and poultry farms; swage from overburdened wastewater treatment plants Type of pollutant: organic matter Food waste Feces Animal matter remains Plant matter remains Debris from food –processing plants Major sources : Mostly nonpoint sources Type of pollutant: organic chemicals Oil Pesticides Fertilizers Gasoline Plastics Detergents Major sources : Mostly nonpoint sources; farms, lawns, golf courses, roads, wastewater, unlined landfills, and leaking underground storage tanks Type of pollutant: Inorganic chemicals Salt Industrial chemicals Bases Acids Major sources : Point sources and nonpoint sources; Industrial waste, road surfaces, wastewater, and polluted precipitation Type of pollutant: physical agents Suspended solid Heat Major sources : point sources and nonpoint sources; Industrial discharge, heat from industrial processes and suspended solids from soil erosion Type of pollutant: heavy metals Arsenic Cadmium Mercury Lead Major sources : point sources and nonpoint sources; Industrial discharge, unlined landfills, some household chemicals, and mining processes;heavy metals also naturally in some groundwater Pollution of Rivers Pollution of Oceans R O L G Pollution of Lakes Pollution of Ground waters Death of aquatic animals Waterborne Diseases Disruption of food chain Destruction of ecosystems Death of aquatic animals: The most problem of water pollution is that it kills many types of fishes, crabs, birds and other animals. Disruption of food chain Water pollution disrupts the food chain as well. Polluants such as: lead and Cadmium are eaten by little fishes; these animals are consumed by big fishes and the food chain continues to be disrupted until arrived to humans. Destruction of ecosystems Ecosystems can be severly changed or destroyed by water pollution. Waterborne Diseases In humans, drinking or consuming polluted water in any way causes a large number of illnesses. Eutrophication Some chemical substances in a polluted water encourage the growth of some algae. These algae form a layer on top of the pond or lake and decreases the amount of oxygen in the water body so severely affecting the aquatic life there. Industry Laws Educatio n Agriculture House Environnement Never throw rubbish away anyhow, Always look for the correct waste bin to let places like the beach, lack and rivers clean so protect water. Use water wisely. Don't keep the tap running when not in use. Also, you can reduce amount of water you use in bathing and washing for reducing the quantity of dirty water needs treatment. Wastewater Treatment Physical or chemical wastewater treatment Wastewater Treatment Biological wastewater treatment Chemical reactions Physical process Biological matter and bacteria Industries Factories Households Be mindful not to overuse pesticides and fertilizers. This will reduce runoffs of the chemical into nearby water sources. Start looking at options of composting and using organic manure instead. Many governments have very strict laws called Anti-pollution laws can establish measures that help to prevent water pollution problems such as sewage and the garbage management. Making people aware of the dangers of water pollution, is the most important solution to solving this big issue. Because, great people awareness can make a positive difference.
