
17. XU J., STOLK J.A., ZHANG X., SILVA S.J., HOUGHTON R.L., MATSU-
MURA M., VEDVICK T.S., LESLIE K.B., BADARO R., REED S.G. Iden-
tification of differentially expressed genes in human prostate cancer using
subtraction and microarray. Cancer Res., 2000 ; 60 : 1677-1682.
18. WELSH J.B., SAPINOSO L.M., SU A.I., KERN S.G., WANG-RODRI-
GUEZ J., MOSKALUL C.A., FRIERSON H.F., HAMPTON G.M. Analysis
of gene expression identifies candidate markers and pharmacological targets
in prostate cancer. Cancer Res., 2001 ; 61 : 5974-5977.
19. LUO J., ZHA S., GAGE W.R., DUDNN T.A., HICKS J.L., BENNET C.J.,
EWING C.M., PLATZ E.A., FERDINANDUSSE S., WANDERS R.J., TRENT
J.M., ISAACS W.B., DE MARZO A.M. Alpha-méthylacyl-CoA racemase: a new
molecular marker for prostate cancer. Cancer Res., 2002 ; 62 : 2220-2226.
20. SCHMITZ W., ALBERS C., FINGERHUT R., CONZELMANN E. : Purifi-
cation and characterization of an alpha-méthylacyl-CoA racemase from
human liver. Eur. J. Biochem., 1995 ; 231 : 815-822.
21. ZHENG S.L., CHANG B.L., FAITH D.A., JOHNSON J.R., ISAACS S.D.,
HAWKINS G.A., TURNER A., WILEY K.E., BLEECKER E;R., WALSH
P.C., MEYERS D.A., ISAACS W.B., XU J. Sequence variants of alpha-
méthylacyl-CoA racemase are associated with prostate cancer risk. Cancer
Res., 2002 ; 62 : 6485-6488.
22. AMERY L., FRANSEN M., DE NYS K., MANNAERTS G.P., VAN VELD-
HOVEN P.P. : Mitochondrial and peroxisomal targeting of 2-méthylacyl-
CoA racemase in humans. J. Lipid. Res., 2000 ; 41 : 1752-1759.
23. VAN VELDHOVEN P.P., CROES K., CASTEELS M., MANNAERTS G.P.:
2-méthylacyl racemase: a coupled assay based on the use of pristanoyl-CoA
oxidase/peroxidase and reinvestigation of its subcellular distribution in rat
and human liver. Biochim. Biophys. Acta, 1997 ; 1347 : 62-68.
24. FERDINANDUSSE S., DENIS S., CLAYTON PT, GRAHAM A., REES
J.E., ALLEN J.T., McLEAN B.N., BROWN A.Y., VREKEN P., WATER-
HAM H.R., WANDERS R.J. Mutations in the gene encoding peroxisomal
alpha-méthylacyl-CoA racemase cause adult-onset sensory motor neuropa-
thy. Nat. Genet., 2000 ; 24 : 188-191.
25. LEAV I., McNEAL J.E., HO S.M., JIANG Z. : Alpha-méthylacyl-CoA race-
mase (P504S) expression in evolving carcinomas within benign prostatic
hyperplasia and in cancers of the transition zone. Hum. Pathol., 2003 ; 34:
228-233.
26. TRETIAKOVA M.S., SAHOO S., TAKAHASHI M., TURKYILMAZ M.,
VOGELZANG N., LIN F., KRAUSZ T., TEH BIN T., YANG X. Expression
of alpha-méthylacyl-CoA racemase in papillary renal cell carcinoma. Am. J.
Surg. Pathol., 2004 ; 28 : 69-76.
27. JIANG Z., FANGER G.R., BANNER B.F., WODA B.A., ALGATE P.,
DRESSER K., XU J., REED S.G., ROCK K.L., CHU P.G. A dietary enzy-
me: alpha-méthylacyl-CoA racemase/P504S is overexpressed in colon carci-
noma. Cancer Detect. Prev., 2003 ; 27 : 422-426.
28. JIANG Z., WU C.L., WODA B.A., DRESSER K., XU J., FANGER G.,
YANG X. P504S/alpha-méthylacyl-CoA racemase: a useful marker for dia-
gnosis of small foci of prostatic carcinoma on needle biopsy. Am. J. Surg.
Pathol., 2002 ; 26 : 1169-1174.
29. BEACH R., GOWN A.M., DE PERALTA-VENTURINA M.N., FOLPE
A.L., YAZIJI H., SALLES P.G., GRIGNON D.J., FANGER G.R., AMIN
M.B. : P504S immunohistochemical detection in 405 prostatic specimens
including 376 18-gauge needle biopsies. Am. J. Surg. Pathol., 2002 ; 26 :
1588-1596.
30. JIANG Z., FANGER G.R., WODA B.A., BANNER B., ALGATE P., DRES-
SER K., XU J., CHU P. Expression of alpha-méthylacyl-CoA racemase
(P504s) in various malignant neoplasms and normal tissues: astudy of 761
cases. Hum. Pathol., 2003 ; 34 : 792-796.
31. JIANG Z., WODA B.A., ROCK K.L., XU Y., SAVAS K., KHAN A., PIHAN
G., CAI F., BABCOCOOK J., RATHANASWAMI P., REED S., XU J.,
FANGE G. P504S : a new molecular marker for the detection of prostate
carcinoma. Am. J. Surg. Pathol., 2001 ; 25 : 1397-1404.
32. JIANG Z., ICZKOWSKI K.A., WODA B.A., TRETIAKOVA M., YANG X.J. :
P504S immunostaining boosts diagnostic resolution of “suspicious” foci in pro-
static needle biopsy specimens. Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 2004 ; 121 : 99-107.
33. ZHOU M., CHINNAIYAN A.M., KLEER C.G., LUCAS P.C., RUBIN
M.A.: Alpha-méthylacyl-CoA racemase: a novel tumor marker over-expres-
sed in several human cancers and their precursor lesions. Am. J. Surg.
Pathol., 2002 ; 26 : 926-931.
34. YANG X.J., WU C.L., WODA B.A., DRESSER K., TRETIAKOVA M.,
FANGER G., JIANG Z. Expression of alpha-méthylacyl-CoA racemase
(P504S) in atypical adenomatous hyperplasia of the prostate. Am. J. Surg.
Pathol., 2002 ; 26 : 921-925.
35. ICZKOWSKI K.A., CHEN H.M., YANG X.J., BEACH R.A. : Prostate can-
cer diagnosed after initial biopsy with atypical small acinar proliferation
suspicious for malignancy is similar to cancer found on initial biopsy. Uro-
logy, 2002 ; 60 : 851-854.
36. KUNJU L.P., RUBIN M.A., CHINNAIYAN A.M., SHAH R.B. : Diagnostic
usefulness of monoclonal antibody P504S in the workup of atypical prosta-
tic glandular proliferations. Am. J. Clin. Pathol., 2003 ; 120 : 737-745.
37. NELSON W.G., DE MARZO A.M., ISAACS W.B. : Prostate cancer. N.
Engl. J. Med., 2003 ; 349 : 366-381.
38. MOLINIE V., FROMONT G., SIBONY M., VIEILLEFOND A., VASSILIU
V., COCHAND-PRIOLLET B., HERVE J.M., LEBRET T., BAGLIN A.C. :
Diagnostic utility of a p63/alpha-methyl-CoA-racemase (p504s) cocktail in
atypical foci in the prostate. Mod. Pathol., 2004 ; 17 : 1180-1190.
____________________
SUMMARY
Value of new prostate cancer markers:Alpha méthylacyl CoA race-
mase (P504S) and p63.
The diagnosis of prostate cancer is based on histological examination of
prostatic biopsies using histological criteria identified on standard stains.
In certain lesions mimicking prostate cancer, the pathologist must perform
immunohistochemical studies looking for loss of basal cells and antibodies
directed against cytokeratin CK 903 (34bE12) or CK5/6, which sometimes
give inconclusive results leading to a diagnosis of suspicious site. The dis-
covery of overexpression of a-méthylacyl CoA racemase in prostate cancer
using a microarray technique has allowed the development and marketing
of an antibody (P504S / AMACR) which, in combination with a new basal
cell marker (p63), is a very valuable tool for the pathologist in the manage-
ment of suspicious sites and cancers less than 1 mm in diameter detected on
prostatic biopsies.
Key-Words: a-méthylacyl CoA racemase, p63, prostate cancer, diagno-
sis.
V. Molinié et coll., Progrès en Urologie (2005), 15, 611-615
615
____________________