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F= B'(.'&8'3+(0%GA'()'(/3(#"#$%&'(
B'0(42"$&%'0()'(/3(#"#$%&'($1G&',4()'+:()%04%,.4%$,0(1&%,.%13/'0(;(1&$1$0()'(/3(93I$,()$,4(,$+0(
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1. La!mémoire!perceptive!
!"#$%&'(%,043,43,"'(,'()+&'(@+'(@+'/@+'0(9&3.4%$,0()'(0'.$,)'('4(.$,.'&,'(4$+4'0(/'0(
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1+%0(
2. La!mémoire!de!travail!
!"#$%&'(%##")%34'(04$.O'()'0(%,9$&#34%$,0(/%#%4"'0(',(,$#>&'('4(;(.$+&4(4'&#'(L@+'/@+'0(
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P'44'()'&,%G&'((.$#1$&4'(1/+0%'+&0(0+>)%8%0%$,0(K((
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55=(F(/$,A(4'&#'(
1. Déclarative!ou!explicite!
B3(#"#$%&'()"./3&34%8'(K(.'(@+'(,$+0(038$,0(.$,0%04'(',(0$+8',%&0(':1/%.%4'0()*"8",'#',40()'(
,$4&'(8%'($+()'(.$,,3%003,.'0(&'/34%8'0(3+(#$,)'(⇒!.$,0.%',.'-((((((((((((((
P$#1&',3,4(+,'(#"#$%&'("1%0$)%@+'-(#"#$%&'(3+4$>%$A&312%@+'('4(.$,4':4+'//'=(
((((((((((((((((((((((((+,'(#"#$%&'(0"#3,4%@+'-(#"#$%&'(.+/4+&'//'('4()".$,4':4+3/%0"'=(
($11$0"'(;(
!
!2.!Non!déclarative!et!implicite!
B3(#"#$%&'(,$,()"./3&34%8'(K((
P$#1&',3,4(+,'(#"#$%&'(1&$.")+&%3/'-(#"#$%&'()'0(23>%4+)'0(0',0$C#$4&%.'0(L.$,)+%&'-(7$+'&(
)+(1%3,$N(
(((((((((((((((((((((((((+,'(#"#$%&'(%#1/%.%4'-(0$+8',%&0(%,3..'00%>/'0(;(/3(.$,0.%',.'=(

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B'(.'&8'3+('04(;(/*$&%A%,'()'(/3(1',0"'=(Q+%83,4(,$4&'(#$)G/'(/*"/"123,4-(.$##',4(1$+8$,0C,$+0(
':1/%@+'&(03(0%,A+/3&%4"(80(.'/+%()'(/*2$##'(H((
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R04C.'(+,'(@+'04%$,()'(43%//'(H(F8'.((0'0(S(OA()'(#34%G&'(."&">&3/'(',(#$?',,'-(,$+0(0$##'0(
/3&A'#',4()"1300"0(38'.(,$0(T-UOA=((
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B'(,$#>&'()'(,'+&$,'0(0'&3%4C%/(+,(#'%//'+&(.3,)%)34(1$+&(/3()"9%,%&(H(
F8'.(TVV(#%//%3&)0()'(,'+&$,'0-(,$+0(0$##'0(',.$&'()%043,."0(13&(,$4&'(13.2?)'&#'(@+%(',(
1$00G)'(/'()$+>/'(4&G0(.$#1/':'0('4(4&G0()%8'&0%9%"0=(
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3%//'+&0=(W,'(3+4&'(1%04'(,$+0(.$,)+%4(;(.$#13&'&(/'0(04&+.4+&'0(("4&$%4'#',4(/%"0(;(/3(#"#$%&'=(
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(
X= B*3,34$#%'(.$#13&"'(
(
Y3+/(!3.B'3,()3,0(/'0(3,,"'0(SV(383%4(9$&A"(/*%)"'(@+'()3,0(/'(.&Z,'(2+#3%,(.$':%04'&3%',4(4&$%0(
.'&8'3+:=(Q'/$,(03(42"$&%'-(.'(.'&8'3+(4&%+,%@+'(0'(0'&3%4(.$,04&+%4(3+(.$+&0()'(/*"8$/+4%$,(',(4&$%0(
A&3,)'0("431'0=(
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(
5=([2"$&%'()+(.'&8'3+(4&%+,%@+'()'(Y3+/(!3.B'3,(
1.!Le!cerveau!pulsionnel!ou!reptilien!
W,(.'&8'3+(\(&'14%/%',!]-(/'(1/+0(3,.%',-(&'01$,03>/'()'0(.$#1$&4'#',40(3&.23^@+'0(@+%(300+&'(/'0(
9$,.4%$,0(8%43/'0()'(/*$&A3,%0#'(K(0'(,$+&&%&-(0'(&'1&$)+%&'-(9+%&($+(.$#>344&'=(P'0(.$#1$&4'#',40(
%,04%,.4%90('4(&"9/':'0-()'(>30'0()'0(&'14%/'0('4()'0(1$%00$,0(0$,4(A"&"0(13&(/'(4&$,.(."&">&3/('4(/'(
.'&8'/'4=(
2. Le!cerveau!limbique!ou!sentimental!
W,(.'&8'3+(\(/%#>%@+'(]-(3113&+(38'.(/'0(1&'#%'&0(#3##%9G&'0('4(8',+(0'(A&'99'&(0+&(/'(.'&8'3+(
&'14%/%',('04(.313>/'()'(#"#$&%0'&(/'0(.$#1$&4'#',40(3A&"3>/'0($+()"03A&"3>/'0-(1'+&-(.$/G&'=(5/(
.$#1&',)(1&%,.%13/'#',4(/*2%11$.3#1'('4(/*3#?A)3/'=((
3.!Le!cerveau!des!représentations!imaginaires!ou!verbales!et!de!la!commande!
volontaire!ou!néocortex.!
W,(\(,"$C.$&4':(]-(3113&+(1/+0(43&)%8'#',4()3,0(/*"8$/+4%$,(1&',)()'(/*%#1$&43,.'(.2'_(/'0(
1&%#34'0(0+1"&%'+&0('4(.+/#%,'(.2'_(/*2+#3%,(38'.(0'0()'+:(A&$0(2"#%012G&'0(."&">&3+:(@+%(
1&',,',4(+,'(%#1$&43,.'()"#'0+&"'=(Y$+&(Y3+/(!3.B'3,(/'(,"$.$&4':("43%4(/'(0%GA'()'0(3.4%8%4"0(
.$A,%4%8'0(/'0(1/+0("/3>$&"'0=(
(
J&($,(03%4(#3%,4',3,4(@+'(.'0(\(4&$%0(.'&8'3+:(](,'(9$,.4%$,,',4(130()'(#3,%G&'(%,)"1',)3,4'('4(
$,4(4%00"()'(,$#>&'+0'0(.$,,':%$,0(13&(/'0@+'//'0(%/0(1'+8',4(0*%,9/+',.'&(#+4+'//'#',4=(
D$+0(3//$,0(',()"43%/("4+)%'&(/'+&0(04&+.4+&'0('4(/'+&(&`/'=(
(
(
(
(
F(/3()$.4&%,'()'(/a+,%4"()a3.4%$,()+(.'&8'3+-(.',4&'()'(/a%,4'//%A',.'-($,(3(3/$&0(0+>04%4+"(.'//'()'0(
/$.3/%034%$,0(."&">&3/'0-(@+%(93%4()+(.'&8'3+-(,$,(+,($&A3,'(2$#$AG,'-(#3%0(+,'(9")"&34%$,(
)a$&A3,'0()$,4(/'0(1&$1&%"4"0('4(/'0(93.+/4"0(0$,4()%04%,.4'0=(

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(
1. Le!lobe!frontal!
a. Le!cortex!préfontal!
b. Le!cortex!frontal!
B'(/$>'(9&$,43/('04(+,'(&"A%$,()+(.'&8'3+()'0(8'&4">&"0=(5/('04(0%4+"(;(/a383,4()'0(/$>'0(13&%"43/('4(
4'#1$&3/=(B'(/$>'(9&$,43/(%,4'&8%',4('00',4%'//'#',4()3,0(/3(1/3,%9%.34%$,-(/'(/3,A3A'('4(/'(
#$+8'#',4(8$/$,43%&'=((
J,(0+>)%8%0'(/'(/$>'(9&$,43/(',(4&$%0(A&3,)'0(04&+.4+&'0()'1+%0(/'(0%//$,(.',4&3/(7+0@+a3+(1`/'(
9&$,43/-(/3(13&4%'(/3(1/+0(3,4"&%'+&'()+(/$>'(9&$,43/(K(
• B'(.$&4':(#$4'+&(0%4+"(7+04'(',(383,4()+(0%//$,(.',4&3/(
• B'(.$&4':(1&"#$4'+&(',(383,4()+(1&".")',4(
• B'(.$&4':(1&"9&$,43/(@+%(&'A&$+1'(4$+4'0(/'0(3+4&'0(&"A%$,0()+(/$>'(9&$,43/=(!B'(.$&4':(
1&"9&$,43/('04(/3(13&4%'(3,4"&%'+&'()+(.$&4':()+(/$>'(9&$,43/()+(.'&8'3+-(0%4+"'(',(383,4()'0(
&"A%$,0(1&"#$4&%.'0=(P'44'(&"A%$,('04(/'(0%GA'()'()%99"&',4'0(9$,.4%$,0(.$A,%4%8'0()%4'0(
0+1"&%'+&'0(L,$43##',4(/'(/3,A3A'-(/3(#"#$%&'()'(4&383%/-(/'(&3%0$,,'#',4-('4(1/+0(
A","&3/'#',4(/'0(9$,.4%$,0(':".+4%8'0N=((
!
c. Le!cortex!olfactif!
!
B'(>+/>'($/93.4%9(LXJN-(13&9$%0(311'/"(/$>'($/93.4%9-('04(+,'(&"A%$,()+(.'&8'3+()'0(8'&4">&"0()$,4(/3(
9$,.4%$,(1&%,.%13/'('04()'(4&3%4'&(/'0(%,9$&#34%$,0($/93.4%8'0(',(1&$8',3,.'()'(,'+&$,'0(
.2"#$&".'14'+&0($/93.4%90=(B'(>+/>'($/93.4%9('99'.4+'(+,(4&3%4'#',4('4(+,(.$)3A'()'(/a%,9$&#34%$,(
383,4()'(/a',8$?'&(8'&0(/'0(.'//+/'0(#%4&3/'0=(B'0(3:$,'0(@+%(',(0$&4',4(0'(&',)',4(',(13&4%'(3+(
>+/>'($11$0"('4(',(13&4%'(8'&0(/'(,$?3+($/93.4%9(3,4"&%'+&=(B'0(9%>&'0(&"C"#%0'0(8$,4(3+(.$&4':(
$/93.4%9-(8'&0(/'(.$&4':(/%#>%@+'-(8'&0(/a2%11$.3#1'($+(/'0(.$&10(#3#%//3%&'0=(J,(.$#1&',)(3%,0%(/'(
&`/'(%,.$,0.%',4()'(/a$/93.4%$,()3,0(>'3+.$+1()'(.$#1$&4'#',40(9$,)3#',43+:()"1',)3,40()'(
/a2?1$423/3#+0('4()+(0?04G#'(/%#>%@+'=((B'0(8$%'0($/93.4%8'0(0$,4(/'0(0'+/'0(8$%'0(;(,'(130(93%&'(
&'/3%()a3>$&)()3,0(/'(423/3#+0=(!3%0()'0(%,9$&#34%$,0(4&3%4"'0()3,0(/'(.$&4':($/93.4%9(',4&',4()3,0(
/'(423/3#+0(3,4"&%'+&-()'(0$&4'(@+'(,$+0(38$,0(0$+8',4(+,'(#"#$%&'(300$.%34%8'()'0($)'+&0(1/+4`4(
@+a+,'(#"#$%&'(3>0$/+'=(B'(0$+8',%&()*+,'($)'+&(&',8$%'()*+,'(#3,%G&'(13&4%.+/%G&'#',4(,'44'(
3+:(0$+8',%&0()'0("8G,'#',40(@+%(?(0$,4(300$.%"0=(
(
d. Les!neurones!Von!Economo!
(
P$##'(.2'_(/*2$##'-()'0(,'+&$,'0(',(9+0'3+:($,4("4"(1&%,.%13/'#',4(/$.3/%0"0(',(3>$,)3,.'(
)3,0(/'(.$&4':(9&$,4$C%,0+/3%&'('4(',(#$%,0(A&3,)(,$#>&'()3,0(/'(.$&4':(.%,A+/3%&'(3,4"&%'+&-((',(
.$+&$,,'()'0(.%&.$,8$/+4%$,0(."&">&3/'0=(P'0(,'+&$,'0(8$,(R.$,$#$(()+(,$#()'(0$,()".$+8&'+&-((
',(TcdS($,4("4"(#%0(',(.3+0'(',(Tccc(13&(e$2,(F//#3,('4(0'0(.$//GA+'0()'(/*%,04%4+4()'(['.2,$/$A%'(
)'(P3/%9$&,%'-(()3,0(/'0(9$,.4%$,0(.$A,%4%8'0(0+1"&%'+&'0=(5/0(93.%/%4'&3%',4("A3/'#',4(+,'(
.$##+,%.34%$,(&31%)'(0+&(+,'(/$,A+'()%043,.'()f'(;(03(#$&12$/$A%'=(b*3+4&'(13&4-(/'(.$&4':(
9&$,4$C%,0+/3%&'(g5('04("4&$%4'#',4(/%"'(;(/*%,0+/3=(P'0(&"A%$,0(9$,4(13&4%'()+(.$&4':($&>%4$C9&$,43/(
)3,0(/'@+'/(+,(.%&.+%4(.$#1/':'('04(300$.%"(;(/3(1'&.'14%$,(0134%3/'-(/'(0',0()+(4$+.2'&-(/3(
.$,0.%',.'()'(0$%('4(/3(.$#1/':%4"()'0("#$4%$,0=((
B'0(3+4'+&0($,4("A3/'#',4(4&$+8"()'0(0%A,3+:(1&$8',3,4()(.$&4':(.%,A+/3%&'(3,4"&%'+&(FPP(&'I+0(
)3,0(/*3%&'()'(X&$)#3,()3,0(/'(.$&4':(9&$,43/=(P'(&'/3%0()'(,'+&$,'0(0'#>/'(8"2%.+/'&(/3(#$4%834%$,(
;(3A%&('4(.$,.'&,'(/3(&'.$,,3%003,.'()%0.&%#%,3,4'=(
P'0(",$&#'0(,'+&$,'0(0$,4(.3&3.4"&%0"0(13&(+,'(A&3,)'(>&$.2'(',(9$&#'()'(0$#3(0*3#%,.%003,4(
A&3)+'//'#',4(',(+,(0'+/(3:$,'(31%.3/(38'.(+,'()',)&%4'(+,%@+'(93.'(;(93.'=((
(

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!
!
2. Le!cortex!somato@sensoriel!
a. Le!lobe!pariétal!
B'(/$>'(13&%"43/(L$+(.$&4':(13&%"43/N('04(+,'(&"A%$,()+(.'&8'3+()'0(8'&4">&"0=(5/('04(0%4+"(',(3&&%G&'()+(/$>'(9&$,43/-(3+C
)'00+0()'0(/$>'0(4'#1$&3/('4($..%1%43/=(B'(/$>'(13&%"43/('04(.$,0%)"&"(.$##'(+,(.$&4':(300$.%34%9(2"4"&$#$)3/=(Pa'04C;C
)%&'(@+a%/(7$+'(+,(&`/'(%#1$&43,4()3,0(/a%,4"A&34%$,()'0(%,9$&#34%$,0(%00+'0()'0()%99"&',4'0(#$)3/%4"0(0',0$&%'//'0(L8%0%$,-(
4$+.2'&-(3+)%4%$,N=(P'44'(&"A%$,()+(.'&8'3+('04(,$43##',4(%#1/%@+"'()3,0(/3(1'&.'14%$,()'(/a'013.'('4()3,0(/a344',4%$,(
'4-(1/+0(13&4%.+/%G&'#',4-(/'(.$&4':(13&%"43/(0+1"&%'+&('04(%#1/%@+"()3,0(/3(8$%'()$&03/'()+(0?04G#'(8%0+'/=(
!
b. Le!lobe!occipital!
Q%4+"(;(/a3&&%G&'()'(/3(4E4'-(;(.`4"()+(/$>'(13&%"43/('4()+(/$>'(4'#1$&3/=(P*'04(/'(.',4&'(8%0+'/=(5/(
1'&#'4(/3(&'.$,,3%003,.'()'0($&%',434%$,0('4()'0(.$,4$+&0()'0(%#3A'0(',(.'(@+%(.$,.'&,'(/'0(
1&'#%'&0(4&3%4'#',40()a3,3/?0'(8%0+'//'=(X%',()"8'/$11"(.2'_(/*2$##'-(/'(/$>'($..%1%43/(.2'_(
/*"/"123,4('04(1&'0@+'(#3/()"9%,%(/%"(;(+,()"8'/$11'#',4(#")%$.&'()'(.'(0',0-(#3/A&"(@+'(03(
8%0%$,(,'(0$%4(130(#3+83%0'(',(/+#%G&'(#34'=(
c. Le!lobe!temporal!
B'(/$>'(4'#1$&3/('04(+,'(&"A%$,()+(.'&8'3+()'0(8'&4">&"0(0%4+"'()'&&%G&'(/a$0(4'#1$&3/(L/a$0(0%4+"(
)'&&%G&'(/'0(4'#1'0N-()3,0(/3(13&4%'(/34"&3/'('4(%,9"&%'+&'()+(.'&8'3+=(
Pa'04(+,'(_$,'(%#1$&43,4'(1$+&()'(,$#>&'+0'0(9$,.4%$,0(.$A,%4%8'0-()$,4(,$43##',4(/a3+)%4%$,-(
/'(/3,A3A'('4(/3(#"#$%&'('4(/3(8%0%$,()'0(9$&#'0(.$#1/':'0=(
J,(1'+4(4&$+8'&(+,'(0%#%/%4+)'(1$+&(/3(0+1'&9%.%'()+(/$>'(4'#1$&3/()'(/*"/"123,4(;(/3(0+1'&9%.%'(
$..+1"()3,0(/'(.$&4':(."&">&3/(13&(/'(/$>'(9&$,43/(.2'_(/*2+#3%,=(J,(1'+4(,$4'&(3+00%(@+'(
/*$&%',434%$,()+(/$>'(4'#1$&3/(2+#3%,('04(1&'0@+'(2$&%_$,43/-((43,)%0(@+'(.'/+%()'(/*"/"123,4(
,'44'#',4(1/+0(1$04"&%'+&('04(2$&%_$,43/=((
!
!
3. Le!système!limbique!ou!cortex!cingulaire!de!Paul!Brocca!
a. Présentation!
B'(4'&#'(/%#>%@+'(L/34%,(K(>$&)-(>$&)+&'N(3("4"(9$&A"(13&(/'(,'+&$/$A+'(Y3+/(X&$..3(1$+&()"0%A,'&(
/'0(&"A%$,0(0%4+"'0(0+&(/'(1$+&4$+&()+(.$&4':(."&">&3/=(b&'003,4(+,'(3,3/$A%'(38'.(/'(.'&8'3+()'0(
3,%#3+:('4(&'#3&@+3,4(/3(&")+.4%$,()+(/$>'($/93.4%9(.2'_(/'0(1&%#34'0(2+#3%,0('4(,$,(2+#3%,0-(%/(
300$.%'(.'44'(3%&'(3+(.$#1$&4'#',4(>'04%3/(13&($11$0%4%$,(3+:(93.+/4"0(%,4'//'.4+'//'0(0%4+"'0()3,0(
/'(&'04'()+(.$&4':=(
((
h"8%0"'(13&(/3(0+%4'(.'44'(,$4%$,(':'#14'()'0(&"A%$,0($/93.4%8'0(1&',)(',(.23&A'(/'0("#$4%$,0(
3A&'00%8%4"-(1'+&-(1/3%0%&N-(/'0(311&',4%003A'0('4(/3(#"#$%&'=(P*'04(/'(0%GA'()'(/'0(7+A'#',40()'(
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b. Ses!différentes!structures!et!leur!rôle!
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c. Relation!du!système!limbique!avec!les!autres!structures!corticales.!
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