Bulletin électronique de veille Cancer Environnement N° 2 du 08/10/ 2013

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Bulletin électronique de veille Cancer Environnement
N° 2 du 08/10/ 2013
Ce bulletin de veille signale mensuellement une sélection de documents identifiés dans le cadre de la
veille cancer environnement. La méthodologie mise en œuvre est présentée dans la fiche du site cancer
environnement : http://www.cancer-environnement.fr/334-Veille-scientifique.ce.aspx
Publications récentes
Occupational trichloroethylene exposure and risk of lymphatic and haematopoietic
cancers: a meta-analysis.
Exposition professionnelle au trichloréthylène et risque de cancers lymphatiques et hématopoïétiques :
une méta-analyse.
Karami S, Occup Environ Med. 2013 Aug; 70(8):591-9.
The carcinogenic potential of trichloroethylene (TCE) continues to generate much controversy, even after the US
Environmental Protection Agency raised its classification to 'carcinogenic to humans'. We conducted a meta-
analysis of published cohort and case-control studies exploring occupational TCE exposure in relation to five
different lymphatic and haematopoietic cancers: non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL, N=24), Hodgkin's lymphoma
(HL, N=13), multiple myeloma (MM, N=11), leukaemia (N=12) and chronic/small lymphocytic leukaemia
(CLL/SLL, N=7). Studies published between 1950 and 2011 were identified through a PubMed Medline search.
All studies included in analyses were classified as those that assessed either occupational TCE exposure
specifically ('TCE-exposure' studies) or a broader classification of all chlorinated solvents ('chlorinated solvent-
exposure' studies). A significantly raised summary estimate for NHL was seen for all cohort and case-control
'TCE-exposure' studies combined (N=19; relative risk (RR)=1.32, 95% CI 1.14 to 1.54; I(2)=25.20; p-
heterogeneity=0.12) and for cohort 'TCE-exposure' studies (N=10; RR=1.52, 95% CI 1.29 to 1.79; I(2)=7.09; p-
heterogeneity=0.63). A non-significant but raised summary estimate was seen for NHL case-control 'TCE-
exposure' studies. No significant association with NHL risk was detected overall for any 'chlorinated solvent-
exposure' studies. Summary estimates for occupational TCE exposure were not associated with risk of HL, MM,
leukaemia or CLL/SLL. Our updated meta-analysis of NHL, which incorporates new analytical results from
three cohort and four case-control studies, supports an association between occupational TCE exposure and NHL

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Non-linear dose-response relationship between cigarette smoking and pancreatic cancer
risk: Evidence from a meta-analysis of 42 observational studies.
Relation dose-réponse non-linéaire entre le tabagisme et le risque de cancer du pancréas: méta-analyse de
42 études observationnelles.
Zou L, Eur J Cancer. 2013 Sep 19.
BACKGROUND: Question remains about the shape of the dose-response relationship between cigarette
smoking and pancreatic cancer risk.
METHODS: Relevant studies were identified by searching PubMed, ISI Web of Science and China National
Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases and by reviewing the reference lists of retrieved articles. Random-
effects models were applied to estimate summary relative risks (RRs).
RESULTS: Forty-two publications were finally included. The overall meta-analysis showed evidence of non-
linear association between smoking intensity and pancreatic cancer risk (P for non-linearity=0.000). Compared
with non-smokers, the summary RRs were 1.5 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.4, 1.6) for 10 cigarettes/day, 1.9
(95% CI: 1.8, 2.0) for 20 cigarettes/day, 2.0 (95% CI: 1.9, 2.1) for 30 cigarettes/day and 2.1 (95% CI: 1.9, 2.3)
for 40 cigarettes/day with marginal between-study heterogeneity (I2=29%). Similar results were also found for
smoking duration and cumulative amount of cigarettes smoked. Besides, the summary RR for former smokers
reduced with increasing time since quitting smoking compared with current smokers without heterogeneity (P
for non-linearity=0.008, I2=0%). The results of stratified analysis by study design were comparable to those of
overall meta-analysis. When stratified by sex, non-linear dose-response associations were detected for all metrics
of cigarette smoking in women, while linear relationships were observed for smoking duration and cumulative
amount of cigarettes smoked in men except for smoking intensity.
CONCLUSION:
This meta-analysis reveals a non-linear dose-response association between cigarette smoking and pancreatic
cancer risk, but it might differ between sexes
Physical Activity is Associated with Reduced Risk of Gastric Cancer: A Systematic
Review and Meta-Analysis.
L'activité physique est associée à une diminution du risque de cancer de l’estomac: une revue
systématique et méta-analyse.
Singh S, cancer Prev Res (Phila). 2013 Sep 18.
Physical activity may be associated with reduced risk of gastric cancer. We performed a systematic review and
meta-analysis to evaluate the magnitude of the association and the quality of supporting evidence. After a
comprehensive search of bibliographic databases and conference proceedings through February 2013 for
observational studies that examined associations between recreational and/or occupational physical activity and
gastric cancer risk, we identified 16 studies (7 cohort, 9 case-control) reporting 11,111 cases of gastric cancer
among 1,606,760 patients. Summary adjusted odds ratio (OR) estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were
estimated using the random-effects model. Meta-analysis demonstrated that the risk of gastric cancer was 21%
lower among the most physically active people as compared with the least physically active people (OR, 0.79;
95% CI, 0.71-0.87) with moderate heterogeneity among studies (I2=55%). This protective effect was seen for
gastric cancers in the cardia (4 studies; OR, 0.80; 95% CI,0.63-1.00) and distal stomach (5 studies; OR, 0.63;
95% CI, 0.52-0.76). The effect size was significantly smaller in high-quality studies (6 studies; OR, 0.86; 95%
CI, 0.75-0.99), as compared to low-quality studies (10 studies; OR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.69-0.81). The results were
consistent across sex, study quality, study design and geographic location. In conclusion, meta-analysis of
published observational studies indicates that physical activity is associated with reduced risk of gastric cancer.
Lifestyle interventions focusing on increasing physical activity may decrease the global burden of gastric cancer,
in addition to a myriad of other health benefits
Code de champ modifié

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Air pollution and lung cancer incidence in 17 European cohorts: prospective analyses
from the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE).
Pollution de l'air et incidence du cancer du poumon dans 17 cohortes Européennes: analyses prospectives
de l'étude Européenne des cohortes sur les effets de la pollution de l’air (ESCAPE).
Raaschou-Nielsen O, Lancet Oncol. 2013 Aug;14(9):813-22
BACKGROUND: Ambient air pollution is suspected to cause lung cancer. We aimed to assess the association
between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and lung cancer incidence in European populations.
METHODS: This prospective analysis of data obtained by the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution
Effects used data from 17 cohort studies based in nine European countries. Baseline addresses were geocoded
and we assessed air pollution by land-use regression models for particulate matter (PM) with diameter of less
than 10 μm (PM10), less than 2·5 μm (PM2·5), and between 2·5 and 10 μm (PMcoarse), soot
(PM2·5absorbance), nitrogen oxides, and two traffic indicators. We used Cox regression models with adjustment
for potential confounders for cohort-specific analyses and random effects models for meta-analyses.
FINDINGS: The 312 944 cohort members contributed 4 013 131 person-years at risk. During follow-up (mean
12·8 years), 2095 incident lung cancer cases were diagnosed. The meta-analyses showed a statistically
significant association between risk for lung cancer and PM10 (hazard ratio [HR] 1·22 [95% CI 1·03-1·45] per
10 μg/m(3)). For PM2·5 the HR was 1·18 (0·96-1·46) per 5 μg/m(3). The same increments of PM10 and PM2·5
were associated with HRs for adenocarcinomas of the lung of 1·51 (1·10-2·08) and 1·55 (1·05-2·29),
respectively. An increase in road traffic of 4000 vehicle-km per day within 100 m of the residence was
associated with an HR for lung cancer of 1·09 (0·99-1·21). The results showed no association between lung
cancer and nitrogen oxides concentration (HR 1·01 [0·95-1·07] per 20 μg/m(3)) or traffic intensity on the nearest
street (HR 1·00 [0·97-1·04] per 5000 vehicles per day).
INTERPRETATION: Particulate matter air pollution contributes to lung cancer incidence in Europe.

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Actualités et lettres d’information des acteurs Santé Environnement
Région Rhône-Alpes
National
Agence Régionale de Santé Rhône-Alpes
Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire, de
l’alimentation, de l’environnement et du
travail
Air Rhône-Alpes
Bulletin de veille bibliographique Nota Bene
Cancer de l’Institut National du Cancer
(INCa)
Lettre d’information de l’INCa
Espace Régional de Santé Publique Rhône-
Alpes
Institut national de recherche en sciences et
technologies pour l’environnement et
l’agriculture
Fédération Rhône-Alpes de Protection de la
Nature
Lettre d’information de l’Institut National de
Recherche et de Sécurité pour la prévention
des accidents du travail et des maladies
professionnelles
Institut de Recherche en Santé Publique
Lettre d’information “Ademe et vous”
Lettre Santé-Environnement Rhône-Alpes de
l’ORS Rhône-Alpes
La lettre de la Société Française de Santé
Environnement
Société Française de Santé Publique Bulletin
Flash e-mail SFSP
Société Française de Médecine du Travail
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