question_loop_on_reproductive_physiology.doc ( DOC - 45.5 ko )

Progesterone is a female sex hormone that is secreted by the ovary to prepare
the endometrium for implantation and later by the placenta during pregnancy
to prevent rejection of the developing embryo or fetus;
What does menstruation
mean?
Menstruation is a discharging of blood, secretions, and tissue debris from the
uterus that occurs at approximately monthly intervals
What is ovulation ?
Ovulation is the discharge of a mature ovum from the ovary
What is the ovarian cycle ?
The ovarian cycle is a periodical modification of the ovaries : development of
follicles (+ oestrogens secretion), ovulation, development and disappearance
of corpus luteum (+ secretion of progesterone)
What is the uterine cycle ?
The uterine or menstrual cycle is periodical modification of the uterus :
development of the endometrium, secretion of the uterine lining,
menstruation
Which mechanism is
responsible for ovulation ?
A LH peak, secreted by the pituitary gland, is responsible for the ovulation
What is progesterone ?
Progesterone is a female sex hormone that is secreted by the ovary to prepare
the endometrium for implantation and later by the placenta during pregnancy
to prevent rejection of the developing embryo or fetus;
What does menstruation
mean ?
Menstruation is a discharging of blood, secretions, and tissue debris from the
uterus that occurs at approximately monthly intervals
What is ovulation ?
Ovulation is the discharge of a mature ovum from the ovary
What is the ovarian cycle ?
The ovarian cycle is a periodical modification of the ovaries : development of
follicles (+ oestrogens secretion), ovulation, development and disappearance
of corpus luteum (+ secretion of progesterone)
What is the uterine cycle ?
The uterine or menstrual cycle is periodical modification of the uterus :
development of the endometrium, secretion of the uterine lining,
menstruation
Which mechanism is
responsible for ovulation ?
A LH peak, secreted by the pituitary gland, is responsible for the ovulation
What is progesterone ?

The ability to produce sex cells and shelter an embryo is regulated thanks to
the rate of sexual hormones suche as testosterone, oeastrogens and
progesterone
What is puberty ?
Puberty is the condition of being or the period of becoming first capable of
reproducing sexually. It is marked by maturing of the genital organs,
development of secondary sex characteristics.
Which mechanism is
responsible for puberty
The puberty is caused by the secretion of hormones by the hypothalamus and
pituitary gland complex.
Which hormones are
produced to trigger puberty ?
LH and FSH are the hormones released by the pituitary gland. They trigger
puberty therefore they stimulate ovaries and testes
What is pregnancy ?
Pregnancy is gestation that is to say the carrying embryos in the uterus
What is menopause ?
Menopause is the natural cessation of menstruation that occurs when the
ovaries stop producing ovum and hormones (LH and FSH rates are therefore
high)
Is reproduction regulated ?
The ability to produce sex cells and shelter an embryo is regulated thanks to
the rate of sexual hormones suche as testosterone, oeastrogens and
progesterone
What is puberty ?
Puberty is the condition of being or the period of becoming first capable of
reproducing sexually. It is marked by maturing of the genital organs,
development of secondary sex characteristics.
Which mechanism is
responsible for puberty
The puberty is caused by the secretion of hormones by the hypothalamus and
pituitary gland complex.
Which hormones are
produced to trigger puberty ?
LH and FSH are the hormones released by the pituitary gland. They trigger
puberty therefore they stimulate ovaries and testes
What is pregnancy ?
Pregnancy is gestation that is to say the carrying embryos in the uterus
What is menopause ?
Menopause is the natural cessation of menstruation that occurs when the
ovaries stop producing ovum and hormones (LH and FSH rates are therefore
high)
Is reproduction regulated ?

A man is impotent when he is unable to have an erection. Therefore he is
unable to ejaculate.
What is semen made of ?
Semen is a viscid whitish fluid consisting of sperm cells suspended in
secretions of prostate and seminal glands
Which hormone is
responsible for the secondary
sex characteristics of male?
Testosterone, produced by the testes, is responsible for the secondary sex
characteristics of male
Is testosterone rate regulated?
Testosterone is constantly produced by testes, its rate is regulated by the
hypothalamus pituitary gland complex which is able to stimulate its
production thanks to a modulated concentration of LH and FSH
What can decrease the
stimulation of testosterone
production ?
A high rate of testosterone inhibits the production of LH and FSH and
therefore the production of testosterone
What is the name of the
inhibition after a control ?
Negative feedback is the mechanism of inhibition which follows a control
What is impotence ?
A man is impotent when he is unable to have an erection. Therefore he is
unable to ejaculate.
What is semen made of ?
Semen is a viscid whitish fluid consisting of sperm cells suspended in
secretions of prostate and seminal glands
Which hormone is
responsible for the secondary
sex characteristics of male?
Testosterone, produced by the testes, is responsible for the secondary sex
characteristics of male
Is testosterone rate regulated?
Testosterone is constantly produced by testes, its rate is regulated by the
hypothalamus pituitary gland complex which is able to stimulate its
production thanks to a modulated concentration of LH and FSH
What can decrease the
stimulation of testosterone
production ?
A high rate of testosterone inhibits the production of LH and FSH and
therefore the production of testosterone
What is the name of the
inhibition after a control ?
Negative feedback is the mechanism of inhibition which follows a control
What is impotence ?

The mother’s pituitary gland begins to secrete oxytocin which triggers uterus
contractions leading to birth
Which hormone is a marker
of pregnancy ?
HCG is a hormone produced by the embryo and then the placenta and its
presence in the female urine is a marker of pregnancy
What is a placenta ?
Placenta belongs to the fetus, it is a vascular organ that unites the fetus to the
maternal uterus and mediates its metabolic exchanges
What is an embryo ?
An embryo is an organism in its early stages of development (after the
division of the egg cell), especially before it has reached a distinctively
recognizable form.
What is a fetus ?
A fetus is a developing human from usually two months after conception.
How long lasts the pregnancy
for human ?
The full term of a human pregnancy is considered anywhere from 38 to 42
weeks
What triggers birth or labor?
The mother’s pituitary gland begins to secrete oxytocin which triggers uterus
contractions leading to birth
Which hormone is a marker
of pregnancy ?
HCG is a hormone produced by the embryo and then the placenta and its
presence in the female urine is a marker of pregnancy
What is a placenta ?
Placenta belongs to the fetus, it is a vascular organ that unites the fetus to the
maternal uterus and mediates its metabolic exchanges
What is an embryo ?
An embryo is an organism in its early stages of development (after the
division of the egg cell), especially before it has reached a distinctively
recognizable form.
What is a fetus ?
A fetus is a developing human from usually two months after conception.
How long lasts the pregnancy
for human ?
The full term of a human pregnancy is considered anywhere from 38 to 42
weeks
What triggers birth or labor?