
4- Mettre les verbes en gras à la forme voulue (sur 5) 
New York Times Guide to Essential Knowledge: AIDS 
Acquired immune deficiency disease (AIDS) 1- cause by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). 
The disease 2-discover in 1981 and the causative agent 3- identify in 1983. By 2003 an estimated 
42 million people 4- infect worldwide and more than 20 million people 5- die of the disease. A 
United Nations report presented in 2002  
6- predict that unless prevention programs 7- greatly expand, AIDS 8- claim an additional 68 
million lives by 2020. Sub-Saharan Africa 9- be the region hardest hit by the HIV/AIDS pandemic; 
more  than  two-thirds  of  all  people  with  HIV/AIDS  are  in  this  region.  In  the  United  States,  an 
estimated 900,000 people 10- live with HIV/AIDS in 2002.  
HIV  11- spread  through  contact  with  infected body fluids  such  as blood  and  semen.  Infected 
people may harbor the virus within their bodies for several years or even longer before developing 
symptoms  of  AIDS.  Though  symptomless,  they  can  still  infect  others.  Worldwide,  most  HIV 
transmission 12- occur during sexual relations between heterosexual partners. In the United States, 
the  majority  of  transmission  13-  be  between  homosexual  partners.  Transmission  among  drug 
addicts who 14- share infected needles 15- be another significant route of transmission in many 
countries.  
In the body, HIV 16- invade immune system cells called T-helper lymphocytes. The viruses 17- 
reproduce  in  the  cells  and  send  out  new  viruses  to  attack  additional  T-helper  lymphocytes. 
Eventually, the lymphocytes  
18-  destroy,  leaving  the  patient  vulnerable  to  Pneumocystis  carinii  and  other  “opportunistic” 
pathogens.  
partners. Transmission among drug addicts who share infected needles is another significant route 
of transmission in many countries.  
No cure for AIDS is known. Researchers 19- work on preventative AIDS vaccines, but none are 
expected to be ready for market in the near future. Meanwhile, drug therapies introduced in the 
mid-1990's  20-  be  extremely  effective  in  controlling  AIDS  progression  for  some  patients. 
However, the medications are expensive, putting them beyond the reach of the vast majority of the 
world's HIV-positive people. 
1 
 6  11  16 
2 
 7  12  17 
3 
 8  13  18 
4 
 9  14  19 
5 
 10  15  20 
 
 Félicie Pastore Décembre 2006