La République réinventée : littératures transculturelles

La République réinventée : littératures transculturelles dans la
France contemporaine
by
Ileana Daniela Chirila
Department of Romance Studies
Duke University
Date:_______________________
Approved:
___________________________
Deborah Jenson, Supervisor
___________________________
Laurent Dubois
___________________________
David Bell
___________________________
Roberto Dainotto
___________________________
Subhagnana Xavier
Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of
the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of
Romance Studies in the Graduate School
of Duke University
2012

ABSTRACT
La République réinventée : littératures transculturelles dans la France
contemporaine
by
Ileana Daniela Chirila
Department of Romance Studies
Duke University
Date:_______________________
Approved:
___________________________
Deborah Jenson, Supervisor
___________________________
Laurent Dubois
___________________________
David Bell
___________________________
Roberto Dainotto
___________________________
Subhagnana Xavier
An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial
fulfillment of the requirements for the degree
of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of
Romance Studies in the Graduate School
of Duke University
2012

Copyright by
Ileana Daniela Chirila
2012

i
Abstract
This dissertation theorizes the complex contemporary phenomenon of literature
produced in French by writers of allophone origins, which is to say, writers born
in non-Francophone countries. Vassilis Alexakis, Gao Xingjian, Andreï Makine,
Nancy Huston, Dai Sijie, Brina Svit, Amin Maalouf, Shan Sa, Agota Kristof,
Milan Kundera, Ya Ding, François Cheng, Eduardo Manet, Hector Bianciotti,
Jorge Semprun or Jonathan Littell, are frequently classified as ‚Francophone
singularities,‛ even though their number has now surpassed a few hundred. By
closely looking at cultural and geo-political realities underpinning these writers’
literature, La République réinventée reconceptualizes notions of ‚exile,‛ ‚migrant,‛
‚diaspora,‛ and even certain areas of ‚postcolonial‛ literary praxis as a
transcultural model of literary production that is emblematic for our globalized
society. Intended to reframe the debate around the transcultural literature, this
study uses a sociological paradigm of methodological or reflexive
cosmopolitanism (Ulrich Beck) in order to define transcultural ideologies and
networks, reinforced by unlimited axes of reworked local, transnational, and
global focalization.

ii
Contenu
Abstract<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<.<<<<<<<<<<<<<..i
Remerciements<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<.iv
Introduction<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<...1
Chapitre 1. La littérature transculturelle en théorie<<<<<<<<..<.36
Théories de l’exil<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<.36
Littérature postcoloniale, monde, migrante, ou transculturelle ?....39
Transculture et multiculturalisme<<<<<<<<<<<<<<54
La République des Lettres<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<.62
Réinvention de paradigmes théoriques : le cosmopolitisme<<<84
Le cosmopolitisme réflexif<<<<<<<<<<<<<<.87
Le cosmopolitisme sociologique<<<<<<<<<<<...91
Le cosmopolitisme littéraire<<<<<<<<<<<<<..95
Chapitre 2. La littérature transculturelle en pratique<<<<<<<<.101
Focalisation de la perspective dans les œuvres transculturelles<104
La focalisation locale dans les œuvres de Ya Ding et
Shan Sa<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<....108
La focalisation nationale dans les œuvres d’Atiq Rahimi et
Vassilis Alexakis <<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<...116